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Rush Hudson Limbaugh III
File:Rush Limbaugh 2004 cropped.jpg
Rush Limbaugh
BornJanuary 12, 1951
United States Cape Girardeau, Missouri, USA
Occupation(s)Commentator, Author, and television personality
Spousedivorced
Childrennone

Rush Hudson Limbaugh III (born January 12, 1951) is an American radio talk show host. Born in Cape Girardeau, Missouri, he is a self-described conservative, discussing politics and current events on his program, The Rush Limbaugh Show. He has been credited by some with reviving AM radio, and is considered by many to have been a catalyst for the Republican Party's 1994 Congressional victories.[1]

The Rush Limbaugh Show has helped transform AM broadcasting. After the shift of music to FM in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Limbaugh's show was first nationally syndicated in August 1988. Conservative talk radio stations, many built around Limbaugh's show, have now come to dominate AM radio. As of 2005, Arbitron ratings indicate the show's audience to average 13.5 million listeners weekly, making it the largest radio talk show audience in the United States. Such high ratings have been a consistent hallmark of his show.[2][3]

Limbaugh was the 1992, 1995, 2000 and 2005 recipient of the Marconi Radio Award for Syndicated Radio Personality of the Year (given by the National Association of Broadcasters), joining the syndicated Bob & Tom Show as the only other four-time winners of a Marconi award. He was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1993. In 2002, industry's Talkers magazine ranked him as the greatest radio talk show host of all time.[4] Relative to all other television and radio programs in the United States, Limbaugh's audience has the highest percentage (56%) of hard news consumers.[5]

Personal life

Limbaugh began his career in radio as a teenager in 1967[6] in his hometown of Cape Girardeau, Missouri using the name Rusty Sharpe.

Education

He attended Southeast Missouri State University, where he famously failed a speech class with a D.[7] Limbaugh dropped out after one year.[8] This would have normally made him eligible for the draft, thus to serve during the Vietnam War, but he was classified as 1-Y due to an undisclosed medical problem.[9] Limbaugh later stated that he was not drafted because a physical exam found that he had an, "inoperable pilonidal cyst," and, "a football knee from high school."[10]

Relationships

Limbaugh was first married on September 24, 1977 to Roxy Maxine McNeely, a sales secretary at radio station WHB in Kansas City, Missouri. They were married at the Centenary United Methodist Church in Cape Girardeau. In March 1980, McNeely filed for divorce, citing "incompatibility". They were formally divorced on July 10, 1980.

In 1983, Limbaugh married Michelle Sixta, a college student and usherette at the Kansas City Royals Stadium Club. They were divorced in 1990, and she remarried the following year.

On May 27, 1994, Limbaugh married Marta Fitzgerald, a 35-year-old aerobics instructor, whom he met via the CompuServe online service. They were married at the house of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, who officiated. On June 11, 2004, when the couple separated, Limbaugh announced on the air, "Marta has consented to my request for a divorce, and we have mutually agreed to seek an amicable separation. As I said, it's a personal matter and I want to keep it that way. I don't intend to say any more about this on the air." An article in the Palm Beach Post claimed that this third divorce was a result of his addiction to prescription pain medications.[11] The divorce was finalized in December 2004.[12]

Public life

1970s

After dropping out of Southeast Missouri State University, Limbaugh moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and became a Top 40 music radio disc jockey on station WIXZ. In October 1972, he moved to KQV, another Pittsburgh station, using the name Jeff Christie. Limbaugh developed some of his trademark patter there, such as a claim to use a "golden microphone" (which he definitely used in the 1990s on The Rush Limbaugh Show). After being fired from KQV, Limbaugh moved to Kansas City, where he also worked (and was subsequently fired from) KUDL, KFIX and KMBZ. After several years in music radio, Limbaugh took a break from radio and accepted a position as director of promotions with the Kansas City Royals baseball team.

1980s

In 1984, Limbaugh returned to radio as a talk show host at KFBK in Sacramento, California, where he replaced one of his mentors, Morton Downey, Jr. In 1987, the FCC repealed the Fairness Doctrine, thus freeing radio stations to air opinion journalism without having to provide the public with the opportunity to air opposing points of view.

After achieving success in Sacramento and drawing the attention of Edward F. McLaughlin, a former president of ABC Radio, Limbaugh moved to New York City in 1988, entering the nation's largest radio market on talk-format station WABC-AM, his flagship station to this day. He initially did a two-hour local program on WABC, where he was preceded by comedian Joy Behar and followed by Lynn Samuels, creating a six-hour block of politically focused radio, with Behar and Samuels leaning to the left politically.

Beginning on August 1, 1988 Limbaugh was syndicated nationally as a two-hour show and eventually expanded to three hours while dropping the local New York show, though he was still based at WABC. (Limbaugh refers on-air to the "Excellence In Broadcasting Network", or "E.I.B.", which is merely an on-air signature, as there is no organization with that name). While WABC remains Limbaugh's key outlet, he now broadcasts from either the Premiere Radio Network studios in New York or his private studio in Florida near his home.

Newsday media critic Paul Colford reported on Limbaugh in 1988:[13]

Rush Limbaugh's act includes plenty of pokes at himself and lots of tongue-in-cheek pomposity such as: "I'm Rush Limbaugh, your guiding light in times of trouble and despair." His politics skew sharply to the right of the "liberal Democrats" and Gov. Michael Dukakis, known in Limbaugh parlance as "The Loser."
The president of EFM Media is a former head of the ABC Radio Network, Edward F. McLaughlin. He believes that Limbaugh, a partner under contract to EFM, will become the most-listened-to radio personality in America - bigger than Larry King - by virtue of his midwestern manner and informed views. Bigger than Larry King? We'll see. For now, McLaughlin's goal is to have 200 stations signed to Limbaugh's show by 1990.

From this point forward, Limbaugh's radio program is covered in The Rush Limbaugh Show article.

1990s

Humor columnist and journalist Lewis Grossberger acknowledged that Limbaugh had "more listeners than any other talk show host", he also described Limbaugh's style as "bouncing between earnest lecturer and political vaudevillian".[14]

The program soared in popularity and moved to stations with larger audiences. The high-water point was his introduction of "America Held Hostage", following Bill Clinton's election in 1992.[citation needed] Ronald Reagan sent a letter calling Limbaugh the voice of conservatism in that era.[citation needed] When the GOP won control of Congress in 1994, one of the first acts by many freshmen (calling themselves the "Dittohead Caucus") was to award Limbaugh the title of "honorary member of Congress" in recognition of his support of their efforts during this period.[15]

Television appearances

Limbaugh's first television appearance came with a 1990 guest host stint on Pat Sajak's late-night program on CBS. After a loud confrontation with deliberately disruptive ACT UP gay activists in the studio audience,[16] protesting what they perceived as anti-gay hate speech, the entire audience was removed so that Limbaugh could finish the show. In 1993, Limbaugh appeared [1] on The Late Show with David Letterman, and the audience almost immediately became hostile and booed him, especially when Limbaugh compared Hillary Clinton's face to "a Pontiac hood ornament."

Limbaugh also guest-starred on an episodes of Hearts Afire, as himself, and The Drew Carey Show. He has also been parodied on several other shows, including an episode of The Simpsons, as a conservative talk radio host named Birch Barlow, on an installment of Saturday Night Live's TV Funhouse.[17] as "Gus Baker" on an episode of Beavis & Butthead, and as "Lash Rambo", host of "Perfection in Broadcasting" on an episode of The New WKRP in Cincinnati.

Television show

Limbaugh had a syndicated half-hour show from 1992 through 1996, produced by Roger Ailes. The television show discussed many of the topics on his radio show, and was taped in front of a live audience. Limbaugh ended the show due to problems in the syndication deal allowing outlets to broadcast the show at inconsistent times and often very late in the evening or early morning. This made it difficult to maintain and expand the audience. The time demands required to prepare for the show were also cited as a factor. Limbaugh stated he would like to do another television show in the future but would do it in a format that gave them more control over the airing and scheduling of the show.

On November 6, 1992, three days after the presidential election, Limbaugh made a reference to Chelsea Clinton, daughter of President-elect Bill Clinton, Limbaugh stated: "Everyone knows the Clintons have a cat; Socks is the White House cat. But did you know there is also a White House dog?" — a picture of Chelsea then appeared onscreen. Although Limbaugh has claimed it was a technical error, as Al Franken documented in his book Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them, the show was on a tape delay, so if truly a technical error, it could have been corrected prior to the show's airing. Limbaugh countered that the television show was a big drain on his time and did not include retakes. Limbaugh apologized on his show, claiming fatigue. A few days later, he said, "I don't need to get laughs by commenting on people's looks, especially a young child who's done nothing wrong. I mean, [Chelsea] can't control the way she looks."[2]

On a later broadcast, Limbaugh played a video clip of then-President Bill Clinton laughing and joking on his way to a memorial service for Commerce Secretary Ron Brown with Tony Campolo and then looking mournful. [3] Limbaugh claimed that Clinton's sudden mood change resulted from the spying news cameras, and was evidence of both the President's insincerity and the tendency of the national media to overlook it.

Cigar Aficionado

In the early 1990s, when the cigar boom was gaining momentum, Limbaugh was seen frequently with a cigar in hand and by the end of the 1990s, cigars had become Limbaugh's staple in many public appearances. Often starting segments of his show with the phrase, "amid billowing clouds of fragrant and aromatic first, second, and sometimes third hand premium cigar smoke", cigars became a common topic of discussion. In the spring of 1994, Limbaugh appeared on the cover of the popular magazine Cigar Aficionado and shared the story of his conversion to cigars. He has since been a frequent participant in many Cigar Aficionado events such as "The Big Smoke", hosted throughout the year by Cigar Aficionado magazine. Limbaugh has participated in many charity cigar auctions hosted by Cigar Aficionado, and is known to talk frequently with his listeners about his and their cigar interests, preferences and recommendations. "I think cigars are just a tremendous addition to the enjoyment to life." [4]

Other ventures

In 1992, Limbaugh published his first book, The Way Things Ought To Be, followed by See, I Told You So in 1993. Both went to number one on the New York Times Best Seller list. Limbaugh acknowledges in the text of the first book that he taped the book and it was transcribed and edited by Wall Street Journal writer John Fund. In the second book, Joseph Farah of WorldNetDaily is named as his collaborator.[18]

As a result of his television program, Limbaugh became known for wearing distinctive neckties. In response to viewer interest, Limbaugh launched a series of ties[19] designed primarily by his then-wife Marta.[20] Sales of the ties reached over US$5 million in their initial sales year, but were later discontinued.

Subject of criticism

The first book about Limbaugh appears to be 1993's Rush Limbaugh and the Bible by Daniel J. Evearitt. One reviewer said "Dr. Evearitt is very uncomfortable sharing the label 'conservative' with Limbaugh" and notes that it contains chapters like "No Wife, No Kids — Is This Man an Expert on Family Values?"[21] Limbaugh is also the subject of criticism in Al Franken's 1996 book Rush Limbaugh is a Big Fat Idiot.

Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR), a media watchdog group,[22] released a report on March 8, 1992, claiming that Limbaugh made forty-three errors during various shows.[23] Limbaugh responded to about half of the original claims; FAIR then rebutted his rebuttal,[24] followed by yet another rebuttal to the rebuttal.[25]

2000s

Rushlimbaugh.com

In July 2000, Limbaugh launched the fledgling Web site bearing his name, which includes brief overviews of the current show along with recent headlines from which Limbaugh drew content for his daily radio program. In the beginning, the Web site was a text commentary and transcript-only Web site that allowed his listeners to review the contents of the day's show from a news-based perspective. By December 2000, major changes to the Web site were made: new downloadable audio-links of daily highlights were available to internet users free of charge. In spring 2001, the Web site had launched a brand-new subscriber based Web site to what would be called "Rush 24/7". Rush 24/7 was now offering the entire, commercial free audio of the daily show available all day via streaming internet audio. The new subscriber Web site came to include Limbaugh editorials, commentaries from previous years, and reruns of Limbaugh's defunct television show. By summer 2002, the hallmark achievement of the Rush 24/7 Web site had been introduced: a live streaming video feed (the "Ditto Cam") of the radio show was made available to Rush 24/7 subscribers. By 2003, the rushlimbaugh.com Web site introduced a fully interactive Rush Limbaugh store, selling products that Limbaugh marketed including a signature line of golf apparel, sporting equipment and novelties. The Rush 24/7 site now includes the Podcast feature, in which subscribers can have daily audio and video of the radio show downloaded directly to their iPod or other MP3 player.

Hearing problems

By August 2001, Limbaugh's listeners had noted changes in his voice and diction,[26] changes that Limbaugh emphatically denied on the air. However, on October 8, 2001, Limbaugh admitted that the changes in his voice were due to complete deafness in his left ear and substantial hearing loss in his right ear. He also revealed that his radio staff was helping him receive calls on his show by setting up a system where he could appear to hear his callers. The system worked remarkably well, but did not convince all listeners, some of whom noted a long delay between a caller ending his point and Limbaugh responding, and occasionally speaking over a caller. Occasionally Limbaugh asked callers to hold on momentarily, while the caller's comments were typed and shown on Limbaugh's computer monitor.

In December 2001, Limbaugh underwent cochlear implant surgery, which restored a measure of hearing in his left ear, and his voice and enunciation improved. According to Limbaugh's doctors, Limbaugh's deafness was caused by an autoimmune disease. But Limbaugh's detractors were quick to point out that chronic use of opioids, such as OxyContin and particularly hydrocodone, both which Limbaugh later admitted abusing,[27] can compromise the function of the immune system[28] and cause deafness.[29][30] His doctors stated that this was not a factor in his case.[31]

ESPN controversy

On July 14, 2003, ESPN announced that Limbaugh would be joining ESPN's Sunday NFL Countdown show as a weekly commentator when it premiered on September 7. Limbaugh would provide the "voice of the fan" and was supposed to spark debate on the show.[32]

On September 28, Limbaugh commented about Donovan McNabb, the quarterback of the Philadelphia Eagles:

"Sorry to say this, I don't think he's been that good from the get-go. I think what we've had here is a little social concern in the NFL. The media has been very desirous that a black quarterback do well. There is a little hope invested in McNabb, and he got a lot of credit for the performance of this team that he didn't deserve. The defense carried this team."[33]

McNabb was the highest-paid NFL player in history at the time, and defenders of Limbaugh's comments point out that McNabb had the worst start of his career in the 2003 season and was the NFL's lowest-rated starting quarterback. McNabb's defenders say that to his credit, McNabb was a runner-up for the year 2000's Most Valuable (NFL) Player, was a member of three Pro Bowl teams, and led his team to two straight NFC championship games. McNabb had suffered a broken leg during the 2002 season and had been slow to recover.

Reverend Al Sharpton, a Democratic Party candidate for President and political activist, encouraged Limbaugh's firing from ESPN, threatening a boycott of all Disney companies including ABC, Disneyland and Walt Disney World. Democrats Howard Dean and Wesley Clark joined in the criticism, as did the NAACP. Limbaugh responded by saying that he must have been right; otherwise, the comments would not have sparked such outrage.[citation needed]

On October 1, 2003, Limbaugh resigned from ESPN with the statement:

"My comments this past Sunday were directed at the media and were not racially motivated. I offered an opinion. This opinion has caused discomfort to the crew, which I regret. I love NFL Sunday Countdown and do not want to be a distraction to the great work done by all who work on it. Therefore, I have decided to resign. I appreciate the opportunity to be a part of the show and wish all the best to those who make it happen."

After Limbaugh's resignation, Sunday NFL Countdown African American co-host Tom Jackson said on the air:

"Let me just say that it was not our decision to have Rush Limbaugh on this show. I've seen replay after replay of Limbaugh's comments with my face attached as well as that of my colleagues, comments which made us very uncomfortable at the time, although the depth and the insensitive nature of which weren't fully felt until it seemed too late to reply. He was brought here to talk football, and he broke that trust. Rush told us the social commentary for which he is so well known would not cross over to our show, and instead, he would represent the viewpoint of the intelligent, passionate fan. Rush Limbaugh was not a fit for NFL Countdown."

Prescription drug addiction

In early October 2003 (during the same week as the McNabb controversy), the National Enquirer reported that Limbaugh was being investigated for illegally buying prescription drugs. Other news outlets quickly confirmed the beginnings of an investigation.[34]

Limbaugh has been a vocal critic of drug users as well as an avid supporter of the War on Drugs. On October 10, 2003, Limbaugh admitted to listeners on his radio show that he was addicted to prescription painkillers and stated that he would enter inpatient treatment for 30 days, immediately following the broadcast. He did not specifically mention which pain medications. Speaking about his behavior, Limbaugh went on to say:

"I am not making any excuses. You know, over the years, athletes and celebrities have emerged from treatment centers to great fanfare and praise for conquering great demons. They are said to be great role models and examples for others. Well, I am no role model. I refuse to let anyone think I am doing something great here, when there are people you never hear about, who face long odds and never resort to such escapes."
"They are the role models. I am no victim and do not portray myself as such. I take full responsibility for my problem. At the present time the authorities are conducting an investigation, and I have been asked to limit my public comments until this investigation is complete."[35]

Following Limbaugh's admission of drug abuse, his detractors reviewed prior statements by him about drug use as examples of hypocrisy. Although several statements were found, most date prior to the beginning of Limbaugh's addiction. Some examples include:

October 10th, 1995:

"There's nothing good about drug use. We know it. It destroys individuals. It destroys families. Drug use destroys societies. Drug use, some might say, is destroying this country. And we have laws against selling drugs, pushing drugs, using drugs, importing drugs. And the laws are good because we know what happens to people in societies and neighborhoods, which become consumed by them. And so if people are violating the law by doing drugs, they ought to be accused and they ought to be convicted and they ought to be sent up."
"What this says to me is that too many whites are getting away with drug use, too many whites are getting away with drug sales, too many whites are getting away with trafficking in this stuff. The answer to this disparity is not to start letting people out of jail because we're not putting others in jail who are breaking the law. The answer is to go out and find the ones who are getting away with it, convict them and send them up the river, too."

On his TV show on December 9, 1993:

"I'm appalled at people who simply want to look at all this abhorrent behavior and say, "Hey, you know, we can't control it anymore. People are going to do drugs anyway. Let's legalize it." It's a dumb idea. It's a rotten idea, and those who are for it are purely, 100 percent selfish."

An article in the January 12, 2004 issue of Human Events (The National Conservative Weekly) presented its reaction to the media attention of Limbaugh's addiction, calling it a 'Network War' against Limbaugh. It charged network anchors with engaging in exaggerated and inflammatory rhetoric by implying Limbaugh was involved in "drug sales" or "drug gangs". Human Events Online reported in January 2004 a timeline of events in this matter from September through December 2003.

An investigation into "doctor shopping" by the Palm Beach State Attorney concluded in April 2006. Limbaugh's attorney Roy Black alleged that the chief county prosecutor (an elected Democrat) investigating Limbaugh was politically motivated. The ACLU, an organization often lambasted by Limbaugh, came to his defense, claiming that the district attorney violated Limbaugh's constitutional rights by "fishing" through his private medical records. Assistant State Attorney James L. Martz stated on November 9, 2005, "I have no idea if Mr. Limbaugh has completed the elements of any offense yet." Then on December 12, 2005, Judge David F. Crow decided to prohibit the State of Florida from questioning Limbaugh's physicians about "the medical condition of the patient and any information disclosed to the healthcare practitioner by the patient in the course of the care and treatment of the patient."

Limbaugh has said his addiction to painkillers came as a result of back pain over several years, and a botched surgery that came as a result of that. Limbaugh's attorney opposed the prosecutor's efforts to interview his doctors on the basis of patient privacy rights, and he has argued that the prosecutor has in fact violated his Fourth Amendment civil rights by illegally seizing his medical records. The Florida courts consistently upheld Limbaugh's right to privacy.

Deal reached

On April 28, 2006, Limbaugh turned himself in to the Palm Beach County, Florida Sheriff's Office as part of a prearranged settlement to the case. He filed a "not guilty" plea with the Court and posted a $3,000 bond[36] to a single criminal charge of doctor shopping to "obtained 2,000 pills over six months".[37] The sheriff's office later announced that Limbaugh was technically "under arrest" during the booking process. Believing that this term would misleadingly invoke an image of the talk show host being handcuffed and hauled away, Limbaugh and his attorney contacted various media outlets to inform them of the settlement.

Black issued a statement indicating that Limbaugh had settled the charge with the state[38] and that the prosecutor agreed to dismiss the criminal charge if Limbaugh paid $30,000 to defray the cost of the investigation and completes an 18-month therapy regimen with his physician. Black stated:

"... [T]he State Attorney's Office and Mr. Limbaugh have reached an agreement whereby a single count charge of doctor shopping filed today by the State Attorney will be dismissed in 18 months. As a primary condition of the dismissal, Mr. Limbaugh must continue to seek treatment from the doctor he has seen for the past two and one half years. This is the same doctor under whose care Mr. Limbaugh has remained free of his addiction without relapse. Mr. Limbaugh and I have maintained from the start that there was no doctor shopping, and we continue to hold this position. Accordingly, we filed today with the Court a plea of 'Not Guilty' to the charge filed by the State."[39]

Limbaugh asserts that the state's settlement agreement resulted from a lack of evidence supporting the charge of "doctor shopping." Under the terms of the agreement, Limbaugh may not own a firearm and must continue to submit to random drug testing, which he acknowledges having undergone since 2003.[40]

Palm Beach Airport incident

On June 26, 2006, Limbaugh was detained by U.S. Customs and Border Protection at Palm Beach International Airport in possession of Viagra which had been prescribed to him but labeled with the name of the issuing physician, Limbaugh's psychiatrist. He was returning to the United States from the Dominican Republic.[41] The same day, the Palm Beach County sheriff's office announced it would investigate to determine if any laws were broken.[42] On July 5, 2006, Palm Beach County officials stated that Limbaugh will not face charges in relation to this incident.[43] Limbaugh joked about acquiring what he was led to believe was "blue M&Ms" from the Clinton Presidential library. Limbaugh also quipped on his radio show that he told his doctor that he was worried about the election, and must have been misheard.

Michael J. Fox comments

In October 2006 Michael J. Fox appeared in a series of political ads supporting various Democratic candidates such as Claire McCaskill supporting stem cell research. Limbaugh speculated on his radio show that Fox "either didn’t take his medication or was acting."[44] Fox’s memoir, Lucky Man, confirms that he intentionally did not take his medication prior to his testimony before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee in 1998. "I had made a deliberate choice to appear before the subcommittee without medication. It seemed to me that this occasion demanded that my testimony about the effects of the disease, and the urgency we as a community were feeling, be seen as well as heard. For people who had never observed me in this kind of shape, the transformation must have been startling."[45] Later Fox said: "The symptoms that I had in the ad that I did, that's called dyskinesia, and that's actually from too much medication."[46] Elaine Richman, a neuroscientist in Baltimore who co-wrote Parkinson's Disease and the Family has stated "Anyone who knows the disease well would regard his movement as classic severe Parkinson's disease. Any other interpretation is misinformed."[citation needed] Limbaugh followed up on October 25, 2006 saying "When you wade into political life you have every right to say what you want, but you cannot in turn argue that no one has the right to take you on."

Philosophy

Defining the conservative movement

Limbaugh made the following comments in an op-ed piece in The Wall Street Journal in 2005:

  • I love being a conservative. We conservatives are proud of our philosophy. Unlike our liberal friends, who are constantly looking for new words to conceal their true beliefs and are in a perpetual state of reinvention, we conservatives are unapologetic about our ideals.
  • We are confident in our principles and energetic about openly advancing them. We believe in individual liberty, limited government, capitalism, the rule of law, faith, a color-blind society and national security.
  • We support school choice, enterprise zones, tax cuts, welfare reform, faith-based initiatives, political speech, homeowner rights and the war on terrorism.
  • And at our core we embrace and celebrate the most magnificent governing document ever ratified by any nation — the U.S. Constitution. Along with the Declaration of Independence, which recognizes our God-given natural right to be free, it is the foundation on which our government is built and has enabled us to flourish as a people.
  • We conservatives are never stronger than when we are advancing our principles.[47]

Leukemia and lymphoma telethon

Limbaugh holds an annual telethon, called the "EIB Cure-a-Thon"[48] for the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.[49] In 2006, the EIB Cure-a-Thon conducted its 15th annual telethon.[50]

Statement regarding abortion and homosexuality

In 2003, Limbaugh broadcast the following hypothetical on abortion choices made by parents based upon trait selection and the anticipated reaction by advocates of gay rights:

Imagine we identify the gene — assuming that there is one, this is hypothetical — that will tell us prior to birth that a baby is going to be gay.... How many parents, if they knew before the kid was gonna be born, [that he] was gonna be gay, they would take the pregnancy to term? Well, you don't know but let's say half of them said, "Oh, no, I don't wanna do that to a kid." [Then the] gay community finds out about this. The gay community would do the fastest 180 and become pro-life faster than anybody you've ever seen. They'd be so against abortion if it was discovered that you could abort what you knew were gonna be gay babies. (see [5]).

Limbaugh opposed teaching grade school students about homosexuality in 1993 and wrote of gay rights as being special rights. He has made similar statements about transsexuals. Moreover, Limbaugh once said of Strom Thurmond (who used the phrase "not normal" to describe a gay soldier during his 1948 presidential campaign), "He's not encumbered by being politically correct ... If you want to know what America used to be — and a lot of people wish it still were — then you listen to Strom Thurmond."

Balance and point of view

Wikiquote has quotations related to Rush Limbaugh.

Critics decry what they assert is the lack of a balance between liberal and conservative viewpoints on talk radio. Limbaugh's response is to claim that most news reporting is liberally biased; a common saying of his is "I am equal time." To combat the claim of his show being "unreasonably biased", he has adopted a policy of automatically bumping liberals to the front of the call queue to ensure that they get a chance to voice their opinions. Not all liberal callers make it past Limbaugh's call screener and his natural tendency is to challenge the views of those who do. He does not claim to be a neutral reporter, and has explained himself on occasion as being a commentator and entertainer, not a reporter.[citation needed]

With the passing from the scene of the network news anchors of the 1990s, Dan Rather, Tom Brokaw and Peter Jennings, Limbaugh has begun to call himself "America's Real Anchorman."

Limbaugh's satire, especially that of his early years, has been criticized by his detractors with some even calling it "hate speech". News about the homeless is often preceded with the Clarence "Frogman" Henry song "Ain't Got No Home". For a time, the song "I Know I'll Never Love This Way Again" preceded reports about people with AIDS. For two weeks in 1989, Limbaugh performed "caller abortions" where he would end a call suddenly to the sounds of a vacuum cleaner and a woman's scream, after which he would deny there was ever a caller, explaining that the call had been "aborted".

In reference to Ted Kennedy, he often cites the alcohol use that led to the death of Kennedy's campaign worker/girlfriend, Mary Jo Kopechne, at Chappaquiddick, while noticably ignoring his own past drug problems, by calling Kennedy "the swimmer" and referring to him as the Senator from Chappaquiddick. Limbaugh refers to Robert Byrd, as "Sheets Byrd" in reference to Byrd's onetime membership in the Ku Klux Klan. This moniker ("Sheets") was originally coined by Tip O'Neill, per Chris Matthews, a former O'Neill staffer. (An extensive list of Limbaugh's nicknames for various political figures may be found at Jargon of The Rush Limbaugh Show).

Limbaugh is highly critical of environmentalism and has disputed human-caused global warming and the relationship between CFCs and depletion of the ozone layer.

He is a vocal supporter of capital punishment, having once said "the only thing cruel about the death penalty is last minute stays."[6]

Limbaugh is very vocal in denouncing liberal politicians (in the sense common in the United States of "leftist" rather than the classical liberal sense) and initiatives, and actively promotes conservative candidates and policies. He has occasionally taken issue from a right-wing perspective, with the George W. Bush administration in 2005 and 2006, criticizing the choice of Harriet Miers for the Supreme Court and the President's immigration reform package. Other Republicans whom he criticized in this period included John McCain on immigration reform and House Speaker Dennis Hastert for his reaction to an FBI raid of a Capitol Hill office.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ Toner, Robin. "POLITICS: ON THE AIR; Radio Talk Show Host Fears For True Conservatism's Fate." New York Times. February 23, 1996. Retrieved on October 13, 2006.
  2. ^ "Latest top host figures". Talkers magazine. October 2005.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  3. ^ "Rush Limbaugh: The King of Talk Radio Reigns Over Liberal Talkers in Top 25 Radio Markets" (Press release). Premiere Radio Networks. 2005-10-28. {{cite press release}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ "The 25 Greatest Radio Talk Show Hosts of All Time". Talkers magazine. September 2002.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  5. ^ "News Audiences Increasingly Politicized" (Press release). Pew Research Center. 2004-06-08. Retrieved 2006-04-29. {{cite press release}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ^ "Rush Limbaugh Gives Sean a Rare Interview". Fox News Channel. October 19, 2005. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ Smollar, David J. "RADIO: The prof who 'flunked' Rush Limbaugh in speech is alive and well and running a California university campus." The Orange County Register. February 25, 1996. Pg. F3
  8. ^ "Rush Limbaugh: Biographical Sketch." NNDB. Retrieved on October 13, 2006.
  9. ^ Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P. "Draft Notice." Snopes. December 16, 2002. Retrieved on October 13, 2006.
  10. ^ Colford, Paul D. (1993). The Rush Limbaugh Story. Martin's Press. pp. pp 14–20. ISBN 0-312-09906-1. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  11. ^ "Rush no longer references 'we' on air". Palm Beach Post. June 25, 2004. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ Herald Staff. "Rush's divorce final" The Miami Herald. February 19, 2005. Pg. 4A
  13. ^ Colford, Paul (December 21, 1988). By+Paul+Colford&pub=Newsday&desc=AM%252FFM+Combat+in+the+Morning "AM/FM Combat in the Morning". Newsday. p. 13. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ Grossberger, Lewis (December 16, 1990). "The Rush Hours". New York Times. p. SM58. {{cite news}}: More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)
  15. ^ Carlson, Margaret (26 December 1994). "Public Eye - My Dinner With Rush". Time. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |title= (help)
  16. ^ Hearst, Andrew (2006-02-26). "A Bully Gets Bullied: Why Rush Limbaugh Never Became the Next Oprah" (Macromedia Flash). Panopticist. Retrieved May 1. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |year= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  17. ^ Robert and Michelle Saks Smigel. "Santa and the States" (Quicktime). Retrieved May 1. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ "Joseph Farah". Speakers and Talk Show Guests. WorldNetDaily.com. Retrieved 2006-07-19.
  19. ^ Parker, Penny (March 20, 1996). "Ties loud, just like Limbaugh". Denver Post. pp. C-1. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ Vinciguera, Thomas (August 4, 1996). "No Talk Show, But a Loud Tie". New York Times. p. 43. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Don Arnold (April/May 1997). "BOOK REVIEW: Daniel J. Evearitt, Rush Limbaugh and the Bible". The Touchstone. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  22. ^ "What's FAIR?". Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. Retrieved 2006-06-05.
  23. ^ "The Way Things Aren't: Rush Limbaugh Debates Reality" (Press release). Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. 1992-03-08. {{cite press release}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ "Limbaugh Responds to FAIR: Responding to FAIR's charges printed by major print media outlets" (Press release). Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. 1994-06-28. {{cite press release}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ "FAIR's Reply to Limbaugh's Non-Response" (Press release). Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. 1994-10-17. {{cite press release}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. ^ "Rush's Voice". Free Republic Forum. 2001-08-31 – 2001-09-25. Retrieved 2006-04-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  27. ^ Dotinga, Randy (2003-10-16). "Painkillers May Have Caused Limbaugh's Deafness". HealthDay. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ Roy S, Loh HH (1996). "Effects of opioids on the immune system". Neurochem Res 21 (11), 1375-86. PMID 8947928. Retrieved 2006-06-04. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  29. ^ Friedman RA, House JW, Luxford WM, Gherini S, Mills D. (2002). "Profound hearing loss associated with hydrocodone/acetaminophen abuse". The American Journal of Otology. Retrieved 2006-04-29. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ Oh AK, Ishiyama A, Baloh RW (2000). "Deafness associated with abuse of hydrocodone/acetaminophen". Neurology. Retrieved 2006-06-23. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ "Abuse of painkiller could cause sudden hearing loss". Palm Beach Post. Oct 3, 2003. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  32. ^ "Limbaugh will be voice of fan on ESPN NFL show". ESPN. July 14, 2003. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  33. ^ 1627887 "Limbaugh's comments touch off controversy". ESPN. October 1, 2003. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ Candiotti, Susan (October 3, 2003). "Limbaugh mostly mum on reports of drug probe". CNN. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  35. ^ George Bennett & John Pacenti (2003-10-11). "Talk host Limbaugh to enter drug rehab". Palm Beach Post. p. 1A. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  36. ^ "Limbaugh turns himself in for doctor-shopping". Palm Beach Post. April 29, 2006. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ "Rehab, $30,000 to keep Limbaugh out of court". CNN. April 28, 2006. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  38. ^ "Limbaugh arrested on prescription drug charges". CNN. 2006-04-28. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ "Settlement Agreement Ends State Investigation of Rush Limbaugh". RushLimbaugh.com. April 28, 2006. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  40. ^ Skoloff, Brian (2006-05-01). "Limbaugh Facing Drug Tests Under Deal". Associated Press. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ "Rush Limbaugh's Attorney Roy Black Responds to Media Inquiries". AP. 2006-06-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  42. ^ "Rush Limbaugh detained with Viagra". AP. 2006-06-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  43. ^ "Limbaugh will not be charged over Viagra". AP. 2006-07-05. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ Limbaugh: Fox `shilling' in stem cell ad, Chicago Tribune, accessed on Oct. 27, 2006
  45. ^ http://www.michaeljfox.org/news/article.php?id=5
  46. ^ Rush Limbaugh. Transcript. October 26, 2006.
  47. ^ Limbaugh, Rush (2005-10-17). "Holding Court: There's a crackdown over Miers, not a "crackup."". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2006-10-25. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  48. ^ "EIB Cure-a-Thon". Rush Limbaugh. RushLimbaugh.com. Retrieved 2006-08-04.
  49. ^ "Leukemia and Lymphoma Society". 501(c). Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. Retrieved 2006-08-04.
  50. ^ "EIB Cure-a-Thon". Rush Limbaugh. RushLimbaugh.com. Retrieved 2006-08-04.

Further reading

Books written by Limbaugh

  • Limbaugh, Rush (1992). The Way Things Ought to Be. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 0-671-75145-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  • Limbaugh, Rush (1993). See, I Told You So. New York: Atria. ISBN 0-671-87120-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)

Books written about Limbaugh

  • Colford, Paul D. (1993). The Rush Limbaugh Story: Talent on Loan from God : An Unauthorized Biography. ISBN 0-312-09906-1. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  • Kelly, Charles M. (1994). The Great Limbaugh Con: And Other Right-Wing Assaults on Common Sense. ISBN 1-564-74102-8. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  • Rendall, Steve, Naureckas, Jim and Cohen, Jeff (1995). The Way Things Aren't: Rush Limbaugh's Reign of Error : Over 100 Outrageously False and Foolish Statements from America's Most Powerful Radio and TV commentator. ISBN 1-565-84260-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Perkins, Ray, Jr. (1995). Logic and Mr. Limbaugh: A Dittohead's Guide to Fallacious Reasoning. ISBN 0-812-69294-2. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Franken, Al (1996). Rush Limbaugh is a Big Fat Idiot and Other Observations. ISBN 0-385-31474-4. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  • Kimble, Crawford W., Sr. (2004). Rush Limbaugh, Apostle of Hate? How Long Will He Last?. ISBN 0-967-93782-5. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

See also

Watchdog groups

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