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User:Laurel Bush/Workshop VI

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Scottish Westminster constituencies 1885 to 1918

List of UK Parliamentary constituencies (1885-1918)

A

Constituency County Type
Aberdeen North Aberdeenshire borough
Aberdeen South Aberdeenshire borough
Aberdeenshire East Aberdeenshire county
Aberdeenshire West Aberdeenshire county
Argyllshire Argyllshire county
Ayr Burghs Argyllshire, Ayrshire, Buteshire district of burghs
Ayrshire North Ayrshire county
Ayrshire South Ayrshire county

B

Constituency County Type
Banffshire Banffshire county
Berwickshire Berwickshire county
Buteshire Buteshire County constituency

C

Constituency County
Caithness Caithness
Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire

D

Constituency County
Dumfries Burghs Dumfriesshire, Kirkcudbrightshire
Dumfriesshire Dumfriesshire
Dunbartonshire Dunbartonshire
Dundee (2 members) Forfarshire

Boundary Commissioners for Scotland

The Boundary Commissioners for Scotland were appointed under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, which created county councils for the counties of Scotland. The Commissioners were empowered to:

  • Form electoral divisions for elections to the county councils
  • Simplify boundaries of counties and parishes
  • Arbitrate between bodies affected by the legislation with respect to disputes arising from the legislation's implementation

Re Legalise Cannabis Alliance

 

The Legalise Cannabis Alliance (LCA) is a pressure group campaigning in the United Kingdom for the legalisation of cannabis. It was was a registered political party from 1999 to 2006, with the cannabis leaf image as its party emblem and, as a party, the LCA fielded candidates in both United Kingdom parliamentary elections and local government elections.

In common with cannabis (or marijuana) parties[1] in other countries, the party's aims are not exclusively about the use of cannabis as a drug, but this is an important feature of them. The party highlights also the way prohibition of cannabis cultivation tends to prevent or severely restrict cultivation for a variety of purely non-drug purposes, as well as questioning the value of distinctions between recreational and therapeutic use of cannabis-based drugs.

The Party voted to de-register at a Conference held in Norwich on November 11, 2006, and to continue to campaign as pressure group.

In Cannabis: legalise and utilise (2000) the LCA declared its beliefs as follows:

  • The use of cannabis ought to be a matter of choice and not of law
  • The prohibition of cannabis is against the public interest
  • The prohibition of cannabis contravenes Human Rights
  • The prohibition of cannabis inhibits the use of a beneficial resource
  • The legalisation of cannabis is a very important step that should be taken to benefit the people and the environment

Cannabis: legalise and utilise

Cannabis: legalise and utilise (ISBN 0-9535693-1-4) was published by the Legalise Cannabis Alliance (PO Box 198, Norwich, Norfolk, UK - NR3 3WB), in 2000 and it served in the 2001 UK general election as the party's election manifesto. This manifesto devoted over 60 pages to the 'single issue' of cannabis legalisation, and it was packed with cannabis-related detail and references.

The manifesto included sections discussing or noting:

  • The principles, aims and proposals of the LCA
  • The environmental (ecological) potential of hemp (Cannabis)
  • Legislation characterising cannabis as generally a drug of abuse
  • The reality of any distinction between medicinal and recreational use
  • The history of cannabis-related legislation in the UK
  • The human rights issues of drug testing
  • Cannabis use and driving performance
  • A summary of the nutritional characteristics of hemp seed (sourced from Hempseed Organics)
  • Cannabis-related laws in seventeen different countries apart from the UK
  • Beliefs and propaganda about cannabis' adverse drug effects
  • The relevance (or irrelevance) of 'harm reduction' in relation to cannabis use

In retrospect (in 2005) Cannabis: legalise and utilise can be seen as giving undue weight to Jack Herer's claims in The Emperor Wears No Clothes about the potential of cannabis as a source of renewable fuel.

History

In 1992 the Campaign to Legalise Cannabis International was formed in Norwich to fight politically for the legalisation of cannabis worldwide and, under the name Legalise Cannabis Alliance, this organisation was registered as a political party in the United Kingdom in March 1999. Registration occurred after Howard Marks had stood as a legalise cannabis candidate in four different constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom in the 1997 general election: Norwich North, Norwich South, Southampton Test and Neath. In the same general election Buster Nolan described himself as the New Millennium, New Way, Legalise Cannabis candidate in Braintree.

The first official LCA candidate in a House of Commons election was Colin Paisley in the November 1999 byelection in Kensington and Chelsea. He took 141 (0.7%) of the votes. The second was Derrick Large in the May 2000 Romsey byelection. He took 417 (1.1%) of the votes.

In the June 2001 general election the LCA had candidates in 13 constituencies. Their best result was in Workington, where John Peacock took 1040 (2.5%) of the votes cast.

In January 2004 cannabis prohibition in the UK was relaxed. Cannabis had been a class B substance under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971: it became a class C substance. Many people saw this change as virtual 'decriminalisation'

In the May 2005 general election the LCA contested 21 constituencies. This was 8 more than in the 2001 general election, but included only 6 that had been contested in that previous election. In all these 6 constituencies the LCA suffered a fall in its share of the vote, and the average share across 21 constituencies was well down from that across the previous 13. Their best results were in Orkney and Shetland, Worthing East and Shoreham and Leigh. In Orkney and Shetland, Paul Cruickshank took 1.8% of the votes. Thomas Hampson in Leigh and Chris Baldwin in Worthing East and Shoreham both took 1.5% of the votes.

The party has also contested various local government elections.

Alun Buffry is the key figure in the party's organisation to date. According to the Electoral Commission's register of political parties, he is the leader and nominating officer, whilst Hugh Stuart Robertson is treasury.

CHANGES in 2006

At a party conference held in Norwich on November 11, 2006, the motion to de-register and to continue campaigning as a pressure group, was passed.

This followed the announcement that Nominating Officer Alun Buffry was to resign the post.

A new Nominating Officer. Esteban Otton, was elected - the post to be renamed Campaign Coordinator.

2005 general election performance

Constituencies: Candidates: Votes: Share (%): Change:
Canterbury Rocky van de Benderskum 326 0.7 N/A
Carlisle[2] Lezley Gibson 343 1.0 -0.6
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr Sid James Whitworth 272 0.7 N/A
Carmarthen West and Pembrokeshire South Alex Daszak 236 0.6 N/A
Conwy Tim Evans 193 0.6 N/A
Dorset South Vic Hamilton 282 0.6 N/A
Great Yarmouth Michael Skipper 389 0.9 N/A
Hull East Carl Wagner 182 0.6 N/A
Hull North[2] Carl Wagner 179 0.6 -1.1
Leigh Thomas Hampson 415 1.5 N/A
Neath Pat Tabram 334 0.9 N/A
Norwich South[2] Don Barnard 219 0.5 -1.0
Orkney and Shetland Paul Cruickshank 311 1.8 N/A
Penrith and the Border[2] Mark Gibson 549 1.2 -0.8
Surrey East Winston Matthews 410 0.8 N/A
Swansea West Steve Pank 218 0.7 N/A
Vale of Clwyd Jeff Ditchfield 286 0.9 N/A
Workington[2] John Peacock 381 1.0 -1.5
East Worthing and Shoreham[2] Chris Baldwin 677 1.5 -0.6
Worthing West Chris Baldwin 550 1.2 N/A
Ynys Mon Tim Evans 232 0.7 N/A

Please see LCA in UK Parliament elections for details of performance in other elections.

Footnotes

  1. ^ The use of marijuana as an English name for cannabis can be traced to the US Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 and to US newspaper usage of the 1920s and 30s. Most readers of the time would not have recognised marijuana as a name for something they themselves might be using as a prescribed medicine. The Marijuana Tax Act had the effect of prohibiting virtually all uses of cannabis, including both medical or therapeutic use and non-drug industrial uses. Cultivation and use of cannabis (known also as hemp) was already controlled. In 1937 however, prohibition of medical use seems to have been quite unexpected by the American Medical Association and to have been against their advice. In the UK this particular prohibition was not introduced until 1971 when the Misuse of Drugs Act was passed. The marijuana name is Latin American in origin and the US legislation of 1937 represented obviously racist opinion about drug use.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Contested also in the general election of June 2001

See also

Legalise Cannabis Alliance homepage

OUR PRINCIPLES, AIMD AND PROPOSALS PRINCIPLES


We believe the use of cannabis ought to be a matter of choice and not of law. We believe that the prohibition of cannabis is against the public interest. We believe that the prohibition of cannabis contravenes Human Rights. We believe that the prohibition of cannabis inhibits the use of a beneficial resource. We believe that the legalisation of cannabis is a very important step that should be taken to benefit the people and their environment. AIMS


To hasten the full legalisation and utilisation of the cannabis plant for the good of the peoples of this world, on a local, national and international level. To secure the release of all prisoners convicted only of cannabis offences and to ensure that all criminal records for cannabis offences are expunged. To encourage public and private research into the many beneficial uses of cannabis including industrial, social and medical uses for the good of the people. To halt all criminal prosecutions for the use of cannabis as a social or private relaxant including its uses as a sacrament or in religious or other ritual. To provide a voice for those in society persecuted and prosecuted for cannabis activities that victimise none. PROPOSALS


That cannabis and cannabis products should be removed from the UK Misuse of Drugs Act, thereby being legalised. That the possession, cultivation and use of pure cannabis and cannabis products be free from prosecution. That cannabis be re-introduced into our society. That high priority be given to the cultivation of cannabis for the express purpose of the localised production of virtually cost-free fuels through the process of pyrolysis on cannabis biomass, and as a source of fibre and hurd. That provision be made to enable the setting up of public establishments where the use of cannabis is permitted. That provision be made to enable the setting up of outlets for the legal supply of cannabis. That at least the same level of protection be given to the cannabis consumer as is given to the consumers of other commodities: weights and measures, quality etc. That all prisoners presently held only on cannabis convictions or charges be released from custody without delay and that all criminal records for cannabis offences be expunged.

OUR FORMATION AND STRUCTURE

The Legalise Cannabis Alliance was formed as a political party in 1999, in order to bring the cannabis debate into politics in Britain; we fought in over 80 elections - local and parliamentary, gaining up to 7% of the vote. (click)

On November 11th 2006, an LCA Conference voted to de-register as a political party, and continue to campaign as a pressure group (click here for more details) Generally people felt that we had achieved as much as we could as a party standing in elections, at this time - we could now seek support from and apply more pressure to change the policies of other political parties - and we could always re-register if they do not fight for legalisation.

The LCA "ADMIN TEAM" is built of volunteers, to run the Alliance. That Team consists of the following people:


Moray Firth

 

The Moray Firth (Scottish Gaelic: An Cuan Moireach) is a roughly triangular inlet (or firth) of the North Sea, north and east of Inverness, which is in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is the largest firth in Scotland, stretching from Duncansby Head (near John o' Groats) in the north, in the Highland council area, and Fraserburgh in the east, in the Aberdeenshire council area, to the Beauly Firth and Inverness in the west. Therefore three council areas have Moray Firth coastline: Highland to the west and south of the Moray Firth and Highland, Moray and Aberdeenshire to the south. The firth has more than 800 kilometres (about 500 miles) of coastline, much of which is cliff.

A number of rivers flow into the Moray Firth, including the River Ness and the River Spey. Various smaller firths and bays are inlets of the firth, including the Cromarty Firth and the Dornoch Firth. The Pentland Firth has its eastern mouth at the Moray Firth's northern boundary.

The Moray Firth is effectively two firths, the Inner Moray Firth, which was traditionally known as the Firth of Inverness, and the Outer Moray Firth which is more open North Sea water. The name "Firth of Inverness" is rarely found on modern maps, but extended from the Beauly Firth in the west, to Chanonry Point in the east.

Conservation and economy

The Moray Firth is one of the most important places on the U.K. coast for observing dolphins and whales. The most common species are the Bottlenose Dolphin and the Harbour Porpoise. With occasional sightings of Common dolphin and Minke Whale. The popular wildlife viewing area located at Chanonry_Point host some specacular displays of dolphins within the inner Moray Firth.

It is also an important oil field and fishing grounds. The Beatrice oil field in the Outer Moray Firth is the closest of the North Sea oil fields; it is also the (as of 2004) planned home for a 200-turbine deep-water wind farm. Much of the fishing industry focuses on scallops and Norway lobsters.

The Inner Moray Firth is a designated as a Special Protection Area for wildlife conservation purposes.

Map references

Latitude and longitude Ordnance Survey
grid reference
Duncansby Head 58°38′40″N 03°01′28″W / 58.64444°N 3.02444°W / 58.64444; -3.02444 ND405733
Chanonry Point 57°34′29″N 04°05′22″W / 57.57472°N 4.08944°W / 57.57472; -4.08944 NH750557
Inverness (Kessock Bridge) 57°29′58″N 04°13′43″W / 57.49944°N 4.22861°W / 57.49944; -4.22861 NH664476
Fraserburgh (Kinnaird Head) 57°41′56″N 02°00′03″W / 57.69889°N 2.00083°W / 57.69889; -2.00083 NJ999676

{{Moray-geo-stub}} {{Highland-geo-stub}} [[Category:Firths]] [[Category:Scottish coast and countryside]] [[Category:Special Protection Areas in Scotland]] [[Category:Ramsar sites in Scotland]] [[Category:Caithness]] [[Category:Sutherland]] [[Category:Ross and Cromarty]] [[Category:Geography of Inverness]] [[Category:Nairn]] [[Category:Moray]] [[Category:Banff and Buchan]] [[cs:Moray Firth]]

Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire constituencies

There was an Aberdeenshire constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1868. This constituency did not include the parliamentary burgh of Aberdeen, which was represented as a component of Aberdeen District of Burghs until 1832, when it was enlarged and became the Aberdeen burgh constituency. The other components of the district of burghs became components of the then new Montrose District of Burghs.

In 1868 the Aberdeenshire constituency was divided to form two new county divisions, or county constituencies, namely Eastern Aberdeenshire and Western Aberdeenshire.

In 1885 the Aberdeen burgh constituency was divided to form the burgh constituencies of Aberdeen North and Aberdeen South.

In 1918 Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire were treated as if a single county for parliamentary representation purposes, with the area of the Kincardineshire county constituency and the Aberdeenshire constituencies being divided into three new constituencies, Kincardine and Western Aberdeenshire, Aberdeen and Kincardine Central and Aberdeen and Kincardine East. Kincardine and Western Aberdeenshire included the whole of the former Kincardineshire consituency.

In 1950 the area of the former Kincardinshire constituency (as abolished in 1918) was merged into a the then new North Angus and Mearns constituency, and the Aberdeenshire area was divided into the Aberdeenshire East constituency and the Aberdeenshire West constituency, but the boundary between these new eastern and western constituencies differed from that for the constituencies of the 1868 to 1918 period.

Boundary changes in 1955 enlarged the Aberdeenshire West constituency, and reduced the size of the Aberdeenshire East constituency.

In 1983, eight years after the local government county of Aberdeenshire was abolished, the Aberdeenshire constituencies were replaced with new constrituencies.


Aberdeenshire and Kincardine East

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[[{{{type}}} constituency]]
for the House of Commons
Current constituency
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Member of ParliamentNone

Aberdeen and Kincardine East was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1950.

Member of parliament

Aberdeen and Kincardine Central

{{{name}}}
[[{{{type}}} constituency]]
for the House of Commons
Current constituency
Created{{{year}}}
Member of ParliamentNone

Aberdeen and Kincardine Central was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1950.

Member of Parliament

Kincardine and Aberdeenshire West

{{{name}}}
[[{{{type}}} constituency]]
for the House of Commons
Current constituency
Created{{{year}}}
Member of ParliamentNone

Kincardine and Aberdeenshire West was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1950.

Member of Parliament



The Parliaments of England

The Parliaments of England (ISBN 0-900178-13-2) is a compendium of election results for all House of Commons constituencies of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1715 to 1847, compiled by Henry Stooks Smith.

The compendium was first published in three volumes by Simpkin, Marshall and Company, London, 1844 to 1850. A second edition, edited by Frederick Walter Scott Craig, was published in one volume by Political Reference Publications, 18 Lincoln Green, Chichester, Sussex, in 1973.

As compiled by Smith, The Parliaments of England appears to be the first reference work of its kind and, according to Craig, in his introduction to the second edition, "a random check of the book reveals relatively few errors and omissions considering the difficulty in collecting results during a period when no official records, other than the actual Writs, were preserved".

Craig describes the 1973 edition as a facsimile, "reproduced from the best available copy". This 'facsimile', however, is in one volume instead of three, with consecutive page numbering. Also, "a new and more detailed index to constituencies" is included, and lists showing the duration of each parliament and the names of Prime Ministers have been "revised and corrected".

See also

[[Category:Reference works|Parliaments of England]] [[Category:Elections in the United Kingdom|Parliaments of England]]


Links



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