Karl Alexander Island (Russian: Остров Карла-Александра), also known as Zemlya Karla-Alexandra (Земля Карла Александра), is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia.
Russian: Остров Карла-Александра | |
|---|---|
 Location of Karl Alexander Island in the Franz Josef Archipelago | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Arctic |
| Coordinates | 81°22′N 57°20′E / 81.37°N 57.34°E |
| Archipelago | Franz Josef Archipelago |
| Area | 329 km2 (127 sq mi) |
| Length | 29 km (18 mi) |
| Width | 18 km (11.2 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 365 m (1198 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
Geography
editKarl Alexander Island's length is 29 km (18 mi) and its maximum width is 18 km (11.2 mi). Its area is 329 km2 (127 sq mi), but very little of it is ice-free. The highest point on the island is 365 m (1,198 ft). The southern section of the island is covered by an ice dome named Kupol Samoylovicha (Купол Самойловича).[1]
This island is part of the Zemlya Zichy subgroup of the Franz Joseph Archipelago. It is separated from Rainer Island in the east by a 2.5 km (1.6 mi) narrow sound and from Jackson Island in the South by a 6 km (3.7 mi) wide sound.
Karl Alexander Island was named by the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition after one of the noblemen that financed the venture, Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.[2]
This island should not be confused with Alexandra Land, also in the Franz Josef Archipelago.
Adjacent islands
edit
- Off Karl Alexander Island's northwestern point lie the Chichagov Islands (Острова чичагова; Ostrova Chichagova). These islands were named after Arctic explorer Pavel Vasilievich Chichagov (1767-1848), the son of Admiral Vasili Yakovlevich Chichagov of the Russian Navy.
- To the west of Karl Alexander Island's southwestern point lie the Pontremoli Islands (Острова Понтремоли; Ostrova Pontremoli), at lat 81° 24' N; long 56° 27' E. They are named after Prof. Aldo Pontremoli, professor of physics at the University of Milan, who died during the Umberto Nobile Polar expedition with the Dirigibile ITALIA in 1928. It was just Umberto Nobile who suggested to name them after prof. Pontremoli, during an expedition in that area in 1931 with the icebreaker ship Malyghin.
There are four small islets off Karl Alexander Island's northeastern shores:
- The largest one is called Torup Island (Остров Торупа; Ostrov Torup), located at lat 81° 31' N; long 58° 27' E . It is named after Sophus Torup (1861-1937) professor of physiology and friend of Fridtjof Nansen[3]
- Ostrov Solov'yëva is located at lat 81° 31' N; long 58° 23' E.
- Northeast of Torup Island lies smaller Coburg Island (Остров Кобург; Ostrov Koburg), at lat 81° 52' N; long 58° 14' E. This island is named after the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty. Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, the wife of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria (after whom Rudolf Island was named) belonged to this dynasty.
- Ostrov Khouena (Гоуэн), is located at lat 81° 49' N; long 58° 32' E. The island was named by Fridtjof Nansen after Anton Christian Houen (1823-1894),[4] a Norwegian merchant whose philanthropy supported construction of Nansen's ship, the Fram.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Kupol Samoylovicha". Mapcarta. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
- ^ Johan Schimanski, Ulrike Spring: Passagiere des Eises: Polarhelden und arktische Diskurse 1874. Böhlau, Wien 2015, ISBN 978-3-205-79606-0, p. 443 (https://books.google.com/books?id=cwG4DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA443)
- ^ Roland Huntford, Scott And Amundsen : The Last Place on Earth, 2012
- ^ Høvik A (1993) Anton Christian Houen. Reisedagbok 1841-1858. Larvik.
- ^ Nansen F (1897). Farthest North. London: McMillan. Vol 1, p40 and Vol 2, p 215.