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Nguyễn Xuân Oánh (14 July 1921 – 29 August 2003), nicknamed Jack Owens,[2][3] was a Vietnamese economist and politician who held senior positions in the governments of both South Vietnam and the current Socialist Republic of Vietnam.[4]
Professor Nguyễn Xuân Oánh | |
|---|---|
 Dr. Oánh in 1969 | |
| Economic advisor to the Prime Minister of Vietnam | |
| In office 1991–1997 | |
| Prime Minister | Võ Văn Kiệt |
| Member of the National Assembly | |
| In office 17 June 1987 – 18 September 1992 | |
| Constituency | Ho Chi Minh City |
| Chairman | Lê Quang Đạo |
| Member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front | |
| In office 17 June 1987 – 18 September 1992 | |
| Constituency | Ho Chi Minh City |
| Chairman | Phạm Văn Kiết |
| Economic advisor to the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam | |
| In office 1986 – 1991 Personal advisor (1980 – 1986) | |
| General Secretary | Nguyễn Văn Linh |
| Prime Minister of South Vietnam Acting | |
| In office 28 January 1965 – 16 February 1965 | |
| Chief of State | Phan Khắc Sửu |
| Preceded by | Trần Văn Hương |
| Succeeded by | Phan Huy Quát |
| In office 29 August 1964 – 3 September 1964 | |
| Head of State | Dương Văn Minh |
| Preceded by | Nguyễn Khánh |
| Succeeded by | Nguyễn Khánh |
| Deputy Prime Minister of South Vietnam | |
| In office 8 February 1964 – 16 February 1965 Serving with
| |
| Prime Minister |
|
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | |
| Governor of the National Bank of Vietnam | |
| In office 8 February 1964 – 10 February 1965 | |
| Prime Minister |
|
| Preceded by | Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ |
| Succeeded by | Trần Văn Khiêm |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 14 July 1921 Phủ Lạng Thương, Tonkin, French Indochina |
| Died | 29 August 2003 (aged 82) Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam |
| Nationality |
|
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political affiliations |  National Social Democratic Front (Big tent affiliation; until 1975) |
| Spouse | Thẩm Thúy Hằng |
| Children |
|
| Relatives | Nguyễn Xuân Bái (father) |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupation |
|
| Nickname | "Jack Owens" |
Early life and education
editHe was born on 14 July 1921 in Phủ Lạng Thương, today Bắc Giang, Tonkin, French Indochina.[5][6] His father is Doctor Nguyễn Xuân Bái, from Đa Ngưu village, Văn Giang district, Hưng Yên province. He was educated in Western studies since at a young age. His family sent him to Paris, France to be educated at Lycee Albert. After graduating from secondary school, Oánh went on to attain a bachelor's degree in economics at the National College of Japan in 1944. Afterwards he would go on to earn his MA at Kyoto University in 1950. He would go on to pursue his PhD in economics from Harvard University in 1954.
Career in South Vietnam
editAfter earning a PhD in economics, Oánh worked for the World Bank Group's IFC and the IMF and taught economics at Trinity College.[7] In 1963, he returned home to South Vietnam and joined the government. Shortly after, he was appointed Governor of the South Vietnamese Central Bank, then Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam. He also served as acting Prime Minister of South Vietnam in 1964 and 1965.[2]
After the Fall of Saigon
editUnlike most senior leaders of the former South Vietnamese government, Oánh and his family remained in Sài Gòn (Hồ Chí Minh City) after the Fall of South Vietnam in 1975. While senior government officials and military officers of the former Saigon government that stayed behind often endured punishment, either facing execution or being sent to a Communist reeducation camp run by the new Communist government, Oánh was spared from either fates. Instead, he was simply monitored by the new government.
He was also one of the few intellectuals of the former Republic of Vietnam who was well respected by the new Ho Chi Minh City government, led by Mr. Võ Văn Kiệt. Oánh was elected to the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1987[8] and was appointed a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front.[9]
He also served as an economic adviser to Prime Minister Võ Văn Kiệt and Communist Party's General Secretary Nguyễn Văn Linh during the Đổi Mới economic reforms.[10][3]
Honor
editDr. Nguyễn Xuân Oánh was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun (3rd Class Honor marked by Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon) in November 1997, becoming the first Vietnamese citizen to receive this award.[11] He was awarded the Harvard Centennial Medal in 1999 by the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
Personal life
editHe was married to Thẩm Thuý Hằng, a famous actress and pageant who was awarded the title of Merited Artist of Vietnam.[7] They have twin sons, Nguyễn Xuân Ái Quốc and Nguyễn Xuân Quốc Việt, who owned the coffee chain The Coffee Factory in Ho Chi Minh City.
References
edit- ^ "Con trai Thẩm Thúy Hằng chia sẻ nhiều điều về mẹ". www.tuoitre.vn. 10 September 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-24.
- ^ a b "Saigon's Oanh 'Jack Owens' to Friends in the U.S." The New York Times. 1964-08-30. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ^ a b Stowe, Judy (2003-09-01). "Vietnam economic reformer dies". BBC. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ^ Nguyễn Q. Thắng, Nguyễn Bá Thế, "Từ điển nhân vật lịch sử Việt Nam".
- ^ "Index Ng-Nz". www.rulers.org.
- ^ Frankum Jr., Ronald B. (2011). Historical Dictionary of the War in Vietnam. p. 332.
- ^ a b Kha, Nam (2013-06-19). "Chuyện về Thẩm Thuý Hằng - phu nhân Phó Thủ tướng chính quyền Việt Nam Cộng hoà". laodong.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ^ "Hoạt động Đại biểu Quốc hội Nguyễn Xuân Oánh". quochoi.vn. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ^ "Niên giám Ủy ban Trung ương Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam". Google Books. Nhà xuất bản Chính trị quốc gia. 2000. p. 142.
- ^ "Ông Nguyễn Xuân Oánh, nhân vật nòng cốt trong chương trình Đổi Mới của Việt Nam, từ trần, hưởng thọ 82 tuổi. - 2003-09-01". Voice of America (in Vietnamese). 15 January 2010. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
- ^ "Japan awards prestigious medal to Vietnamese citizen". Tuoi Tre News. 2015-12-11. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
External links
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