The Notacanthiformes /nɒtəˈkænθɪfɔːrmiːz/ are an order of deep-sea ray-finned fishes, consisting of the families Halosauridae and Notacanthidae (spiny eels).[1]
| Notacanthiformes Temporal range:
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|---|---|
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| Snub-nosed spiny eel, Notacanthus chemnitzii | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Infraclass: | Teleosteomorpha |
| Division: | Teleostei |
| Superorder: | Elopomorpha |
| Order: | Notacanthiformes L. S. Berg, 1947 |
| Families | |
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see text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Heteromi | |
Fishes of the World (2006) lists it as the suborder Notacanthoidei of Albuliformes.[2] The notacanthiforms are much more eel-like than the albuliforms; for instance, the caudal fin has disappeared.
Fish of the order are found in oceans worldwide, at depths from 120 to 4,900 metres (390 to 16,080 ft). They are elongated fish, although not as much so as the true eels, and have various feeding strategies, like hyperbenthic and detritus feeders, epifaunal browsers, and megafaunal croppers.[3] They typically feed on slow-moving or sessile animals, such as molluscs, echinoderms, and sea anemones. Like the true eels, they have a leptocephalus larva that floats in the surface waters before transforming into an adult. Unusually, the larva can often be larger than the adult.[4]
Families
editNotacanthiformes has the following two families clasified within it:[5]
- Halosauridae Günther, 1866 (Halosaurs)
- Notacanthidae Rafinesque, 1810 (Deep-sea spiny-eels)
References
edit- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Order Notacanthiformes". FishBase. January 2009 version.
- ^ Joseph S. Nelson (29 April 1994). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-54713-1.
- ^ Barros-García, David; Froufe, Elsa; Bañón, Rafael; Carlos Arronte, Juan; De Carlos, Alejandro (2018). "Phylogenetic analysis shows the general diversification pattern of deep-sea notacanthiforms (Teleostei: Elopomorpha)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 124: 192. Bibcode:2018MolPE.124..192B. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.007. hdl:10261/163334. PMID 29551524.
- ^ McCosker, John F. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 86. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
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