Perverted-Justice

File:Perverted Justice screenshot-5-18-2005.jpg

Screenshot of the Perverted Justice website

Perverted-Justice.com (also known as PeeJ) is an organization based in Portland, Oregon, USA, dedicated to identifying adults willing to have chat room sexual encounters with minors. PeeJ consists of around 40 adult volunteers who carry out sting operations by posing as minors with names like "sara_so_bored," and waiting for older men to approach them in chat rooms. After obtaining identifying information from these men, who may offer their telephone numbers and other details so that meetings can be arranged, PeeJ either passes the information to law-enforcement, or places the "chat-log" and other relevant details on their website. The organization also maintains a list of "Corporate Sex Offenders" (including LiveJournal, Google, and Wikipedia), which it defines as "[a]ny company who is informed of pedophiles using their service to advocate the lifestyle of child/adult rape which then does not remove the pedophiles from their service."[2]

Perverted Justice was set up in 2002 by Xavier Von Erck (born "Phillip John Eide"). The organization says that its online operations have led to the convictions of 127 men as of January 11 2007, with over 200 more currently awaiting trial, and an average of 25 arrests a month for the year of 2006 to date. Von Erck is also credited with locating a 14-year-old girl who was kidnapped, raped, and tortured by a 47-year-old man she met online.

Von Erck, who said he got the idea for the website while watching men attempt to groom young girls in chat rooms in Oregon, says that PeeJ is a computer watchdog agency that works closely with law-enforcement agencies. "The media likes to use the term 'vigilante' because it gets attention, but we don't consider ourselves vigilantes. We cultivate cooperation with police and work within the law to get justice, not outside of the law."

Methods

Perverted-Justice.com functions by supporting volunteers who act as bait in chat rooms where children and minors can typically be found. The volunteers' public profiles generally have youthful-sounding usernames and pictures of children. The administrators of the site say they do not initiate online contact with the men they pursue, and also refuse to act on tips from Internet users in order to reduce the risk that someone might use the website to take revenge. The administrators also say that their volunteers do not look for targets in adult chatrooms. If a man starts chatting to the volunteer and turns the conversation to sex, the volunteer attempts to persuade the man to divulge personal details, particularly a telephone number, ostensibly needed to verify the man's identity so that a meeting can be arranged.

In the past, around this point the chatlog and details would be published on the site. However, in December 2003, the organization set up its "Information First" program, in which interested police departments could contact Perverted-Justice.com, and any "busts" made within that department's jurisdiction would be sent straight to them without being posted to the website. In the early days of the program, Perverted-Justice.com did not initiate contact with the police, professedly because officers were skeptical that its information could be used in a court of law.

However, ever since July 2004 when they made their first conviction, the site's operators switched to a policy of cold calling local police with the information they obtained. If a government agency is interested (police, FBI, military CID, etc.) then the chatlog and other information is not posted to the site until after a conviction has been reached.

Before their Information First program and their cold-calling policy became widespread, if no agency expressed interest in the information then the log was posted on the site. Volunteers on the site's forums would then engage in "follow-up", attempting to track down and notify family members, employers, and neighbors. In November 2006, after the site's 100th conviction, Perverted-Justice announced that this was no longer necessary, as Information First agreements were sufficient to cover any U.S. resident caught in a sting. Chat logs are now posted only after the person's legal case has been resolved.

To begin the follow-up process, the site's volunteers would do a reverse-directory lookup to obtain the man's name, as well as checking on the Web for any other information they can find about him. They then would post his name, address, and photograph if he has supplied one, on the website, as well as the chat log: a record of the conversation he had with the volunteer. In a process called "Follow-up," additional volunteers on the site's forums, operating under rules and restrictions set up by Perverted-Justice.com administrators, would contact the man's family, friend, neighbors, and employer to alert them to the website posting. The intent of this was to warn anyone who may know the man about his activities and persuade them to help convince the man to receive counseling. The volunteers in these "Follow-up Forums" number in the thousands. With the elimination of chatlogs that are posted without law enforcement involvement, the site administration is working to redirect the efforts of follow-up volunteers to other purposes.

The site offers men who have been exposed the "Right of Reply," allowing them either to defend or apologize for their actions, and posting their responses. The site's operators also occasionally remove information from the site if the target shows, for example, that he is receiving counseling. The Right of Reply is now rarely exercised because the mark has passed through the justice system before his chatlog is posted on the site.

All telephone numbers are removed from the site's main pages after two months (though still available on the site's forums), to avoid another case like that of the Milwaukee bank teller, who received a threatening phone call from a man who had obtained her number from the website. The woman had never been online or even owned a computer, and was forced to change her number, which had previously been registered to the subject of a Perverted-Justice.com sting.

Currently, the site only operates within the United States, but plans to expand into Canada.

Media

Volunteers also take part in what the site's operators call "group media busts," where men are invited to a house with the promise of a sexual encounter with a minor. When the man arrives, he is greeted by a television news reporter. The first of these stings weas conducted in late 2003, in co-operation with Milwaukee's WTMJ-TV and Emmy-winning investigative reporter John Mercure, whom the site credits with initially conceiving of the concept. Other stings with other local news organizations took place in the following months.

In November 2004, the site teamed up with Dateline NBC in New York to conduct a large sting operation, or "group media bust," entitled To Catch a Predator. Dateline rented a house and wired it with hidden cameras, while volunteers posed as minors in chat rooms, telling men who approached them that they were home alone. "Within hours there were men literally lining up at our door," Dateline reported. In two-and-a-half days, 18 men showed up at the house after making a date with a perverted-justice.com volunteer.

Since then, the To Catch a Predator series of reports has grown into a widely-recognized phenomenon, with busts all over the United States and numerous references and parodies in the media. Law enforcement is now involved in all of the sting operations, and they have arrested doctors, religious leaders, teachers, and other men from all walks of life.

NBC currently pays Perverted Justice a consultancy fee for their contributions, which Von Erck says is used for operating costs. This remuneration was reported to have been over $100,000 for a 2006 sting in Ohio.

Convictions

The Web site documents 127 convictions across the United States attributed to its sting operations, with 33 of these taking place in 2005 and 81 in 2006. Convictions have included disorderly conduct, indecently soliciting a child, attempting to entice a juvenile to travel with intent to engage in sexual act, transporting child pornography, and possession and dissemination of child pornography. As of January 2007, no suspect arrested as a result of a Perverted-Justice sting has been acquitted, although one man who had been arrested died awaiting trial.

The site has relationships with police agencies around the U.S. and with the military police, who have proceeded with courts-martial on the basis of chat logs.

The site's organizers established their "Information First" police program in December 2003, in which police departments make arrangements to have the chat logs handed to them for follow up before being posted on the perverted-justice.com website, in order to safeguard potential prosecutions. The organization has also worked in conjunction with the ChildSeek Network, Counter Pedophilia Investigative Unit, and PoliceWorld.net.

In September 2004, site administrators helped locate a 14-year-old girl from Camas, Washington, who had been missing from her foster home for almost two weeks. Local detectives were unable to follow leads on the girl's computer, citing lack of knowledge and resources. The girl's mother believed the computer might hold the key to the girl's location and contacted Von Erck, who noticed that the girl had logged in several times to her Yahoo! account, only to log out again. Von Erck was able to obtain the IP address of the computer the girl had logged in from; using this, the Internet Service Provider located the address. When police arrived at the house, they found the girl. She had met her 47-year-old kidnapper in a chat room. He was subsequently charged with child rape and unlawful imprisonment.

Criticism

Perverted-Justice.com, as well as its volunteers, have been criticized over the years by a number of individuals and organizations.

The critics of the site include the U.S. National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC), among others. Tina Schwartz, NCMEC director of communication, has said: "It's really not the safest, most effective way to combat this problem ... From what I've seen ... they embarrass the people, but I don't know that complete justice is ever served". According to Brad Russ, a former commander of the Federal Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force (ICAC) for Northern New England, "I have a real problem with any citizens' group conducting any investigation into any crime... It's a mistake for law enforcement to abdicate its responsibility to citizens." [3]

According to the magazine Radar, Von Erck "once set out to destroy an enemy by posing as a woman, seducing him online with graphic sex chats, posting the transcripts on the web, and threatening to release a purported video of his target masturbating..."

Scott Morrow of Corrupted-Justice.com, a Web site set up to challenge perverted-justice.com, has made a large number of attacks on the organization, and claims credit for a number of changes to Perverted-Justice methods. Perverted-Justice replied to this claim by stating that Corrupted-Justice did not have anything to do with any changes. Volunteers and supporters of Perverted-Justice.com founded the website Corrupted-Justice.net in response to Corrupted-Justice.com and claim to have uncovered ties between Corrupted-Justice.com and anti-age-of-consent groups, including NAMBLA.

Scott Morrow told ABC News there is currently no way to hold Von Erck or any other administrators, operators, or volunteers at perverted-justice.com accountable for mistakes. "When you're running an organization or running a group of people with the potential to do as much damage to people's lives as this does, I think there also has to be some accountability." Accountability could take the form of legal action against the site or its operators. However, the only known instance of legal action against perverted-justice.com was a petition for a restraining order, issuing out of a complaint of harassment, against two volunteers in Minnesota. The judge dismissed the petition for lack of personal jurisdiction over the respondents, but also stated that there were issues of administrative enforceability against non-resident respondents and that there was no evidence that the respondents had themselves participated in any harassing acts.

Morrow has also criticized perverted-justice.com as not respecting the legal presumption that all people are innocent until proven guilty in a court of law, characterizing their tactics as "vigilantism" and "terrorization". It's unknown whether the switch to only posting chatlogs after a conviction has been obtained has resolved this complaint.

Lee Tien, an attorney for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, is quoted as being concerned that the organization could send real predators into hiding. The site's operators respond that this is in fact their goal, to have real predators hide away from the places that children go; they liken the site to putting up a Community Watch sign at a local playground, which could be argued to discourage predators from kidnapping children there. Tien also argued that chat transcripts can be easily doctored. In order to bolster credibility, the organization has implemented a number of safeguards to prevent this from happening, including routing all chats through an encrypted proxy server that mirrors the data. This system has been upheld in court.

Some law-enforcement agencies have also stated that, while they appreciate the site's mission, they do not agree with some of the operators' and volunteers' practices. In a December 2004 article in the New York Sun, Bradley Russ, the training director for the federal Internet Crimes Against Children Taskforce, which employs about 200 federal agents nationwide, said the tactics of perverted-justice.com sometimes run counter to the task force's standards. For instance, Russ said, by accepting child pornography from their "busts" to bolster a potential legal case, the volunteers are themselves in possession of unlawful images. He said federal authorities have begun considering whether to seize "PeeJ" contributors' computers. "It's a noble effort gone too far," Russ told the newspaper. He also said the site's tactics can make it more difficult for law enforcement to prosecute cases they present because those cases can be considered tainted by entrapment claims.

They do not consider their methods to be entrapment, arguing that they initiate nothing, and instead wait for their target to come to them. No case brought to court so far has had any complications with regards to entrapment claims.

As to the reports on child pornography, the site's operators state that when they or their volunteers are sent child pornography, they "immediately report it to the police and without fail." Furthermore, every time this has happened it has resulted in a conviction against the one sending the pornography, not against perverted-justice.com, the operators say.

In the FAQ at their site, they claim the criticism against them lacks coherence, that none of the criticisms made are unanswerable, and many criticisms stem from objections to age of consent laws.

See also

• To Catch a Predator

External links

• Perverted Justice Official Website
• Corrupted-Justice.com, a website critical of perverted-justice.com
• Corrupted-Justice.net, a rebuttal website to the claims of corrupted-justice.com.