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Turkish Armed Forces

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Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri
Military manpower
Military age20 years of age
Availabilitymales age 15-49: 19,828,702 (2004 est.)
Fit for military servicemales age 15-49: 11,965,262 (2004 est.)
Reaching military age annuallymales: 680,673 (2004 est.)
Military expenditures
Dollar figure$12.155 billion (2003)
Percent of GDP5.3% (2003)

Turkish Armed Forces (Turkish: Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri TSK) consists of Army, Navy (includes Naval Air and Naval Infantry) and Air Force. Gendarmerie and Coast Guard operate as the parts of internal security forces in peacetime, are subordinate to the Army and Navy Commands, respectively in wartime, has both so law enforcement and military functions.

Commander-in-Chief is Chief General Staff General Hilmi Özkök.

Becoming a member of the NATO Alliance on February 18, 1952, the Turkish Republic initiated a comprehensive modernisation programme for its Armed Forces. The Turkish Armed Forces, whose power of deterrence continuously increased, proved its power and capabilities once more during the 1974 Cyprus Peace Operation. Towards the end of the 1980s, a restructuring process has been initiated in the Turkish Armed Forces.

Army

Commander

General Yaşar Büyükanıt

Organization

Turkish Army is organized into following commands:

  • 1st Army Command
  • 2nd Army Command
  • 3rd Army Command
  • 4th Army Command
  • Aegean Army Command
  • Cyprus Turkish Peace Forces Command
  • Training and Doctrine Command
  • Logistics Command
  • Airborne Command

These commands consists of following structure:

  • 4 Field armies,
  • 10 Army corps,
  • 2 Mechanized infantery divisions,
  • 2 Mechanized infantery division headquarters (tactical),
  • 1 Infantery division and 1 training division,
  • 14 Mechanized infantery brigades,
  • 14 Armored brigades,
  • 12 Infantery/regional security brigades,
  • 5 Commando brigades,
  • 5 Training brigades.

Main equipment

Turkish Army
Main battle tanks
77Leopard 1A3T1/TU120
150Leopard 1A3T1
165Leopard 1A1A1
658M 60A3
274M 60A1 RISE/Passive
750M 48A5T2 (Upgraded to M 60A3 Standard)
1369M 48A5T1 (Upgraded to M 60A1 Standard)
179M 48T5: (Upgraded to M 60A1 Standard)
658M 48A3 (Reserve and obsolete. Used for spare parts)
575M 48A2C: (Reserve and obsolete. Used for spare parts)
Armored personnel carriers
650Armored infantry fighting vehicle (AIFV)
830Advanced armored personnel carrier (AAPC)
170Armored mortar vehicle (AMV): (self propelled 81 mm mortar)
48Armored TOW vehicle (ATV)
3162M 113A/A1/A2/T2/T3
179M 106A1 (Self propelled M-30 107mm mortar)
10+M 125A1 (Self propelled M-29 81mm mortar)
156 M 113 TOW
180BTR-80
5RN 94 (6X6)
5Cobra (4X4)
n/aAkrep
Rocket launchers
30WS1A (4X320mm) (6 batteries each with 5 launchers).
12M 270 MLRS (12X227mm)
72MGM 140 ATACMS Block 1
48TR 107 (12X107mm)
24RA 7040 (40X70mm)
52+T 122 CNRA (40X122mm, 40km)
Towed artillery
140M 155 (203mm)
538M 114A1/A2 (155mm)
152M 59 (155mm)
72Skoda (150mm)
830M 101A1 (105mm)
12M 38 Skoda (105mm) (Used in training)
11105R Metalgun (105mm) (Used in training)
180M 116 (75mm)
18 T 155 Panter 155/52 FT-2000 (155mm)
Self-propelled artillery
295M 110A2 (203mm)
9M 55 (203mm)
36M 107 (175mm)
164M 44T (155mm) (Upgraded)
360M 52T (155mm) (Upgraded)
26M 108T (155mm) (Possible upgrade)
24T 155 Firtina (K9T) 155/52 SP-2000 (155mm)
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-propelled artillery
108Harpy Attack UAV (500 km)
48Cutlass/Harop (1000 km)
1I-GNAT Surveillance UAV (500 km)
Anti-aircraft missiles
6Atilgan KMS (1X8 FIM-92B/C Stinger)
4Zipkin KMS (1X4 FIM-92 Stinger)
800+FIM 92B/C Stinger Post/RPM (4882 missiles)
1089FIM-43A Redeye
429M39 Igla (SA-18 Grouse)
Attack helicopters
9Bell AH1W Super Cobra
27Bell AH1P Cobra
6Bell TAH1P Cobra
Air-to-ground missiles
216HellFire II K2 (Used in the AH-1W Super Cobra helicopters)
n/aTOW II (Used in the AH-1S/P Cobra helicopters)
Other helicopters
28Eurocopter AS-532UL Cougar Mk1 (4 SAR, 4 ambulance, 4 VIP, 16 utility)
21Sikorsky S-70A28 Blackhawk (13 will undergo ASELSAN avionics upgrade, 8 SOF)
52Sikorsky S-70D28 Blackhawk (5 SAR, 4 ambulance, 41 utility, 2 SOF CSAR)
42UH-1H Iroquois
36UH-1D
47Augusta Bell AB205A (23 T + 24 A1)
28Bell AB206B3 JetRanger
2 Augusta Bell AB212 (VIP)
Anti-tank missiles
365TOW I/II
392+MILAN With MIRA thermal sights
186Cobra
550ERYX (1200 missiles)
729M113M Konkurs (AT5 Spandrel) (420 missiles)
5000+RPG 7 (40mm)
40.000+M 72 A2 LAW (66mm)
Artillery guns without recoil
2137M 40A1 (106mm)
1000M 20(75mm) (in storage)
871M 18(57mm) (in storage. Small number in use at Marines)
Anti-aircraft guns
110M 42 (2X40mm)
312L 70 & L 70T Bofors (40mm) (52 with Officine Galileo P56 optical sight)
600+L 60 & M1A1 (40mm)
120GDF 003 Oerlikon (2X35mm)
100+GDF 001 Oerlikon (2X35mm)
440GAI D01 Oerlikon (2X20mm)
300+Mk 20 Rh202 (2X20mm)
900M55 (4X12.7mm)
Mortars
578HY-12Di (120mm)
1265M-30 (107mm)
n/aUT1 (81mm)
3175M1/M29 (81mm)
n/aM 19 (60mm)
Automatic grenade launchers
1500+(40x53mm): (Mk19 copy from Roketsan)
n/aMk19 Mod3

Source: http://www.politikforen.de/showthread.php?t=7558

Commander

Admiral Özden Örnek

Organization

The organization of the Turkish Navy is as following:

  • Fleet Command
    • Surface Action Group Command, Gölcük, Kocaeli
    • Submarine Group Command
    • Fast Patrol Boat Group Command, Istanbul
    • Mine Warfare Group Command, Erdek
    • Logictic Support Group Command, Gölcük, Kocaeli
    • Naval Aviation Group Command, Cengiz Topel, Izmit
  • Northern Sea Area Command, Istanbul
  • Southern Sea Area Command, Izmir
    • Navy Infantry Brigade Command
    • Accompaniment and Patrol Boats Flotilla
    • Aksaz Naval Base Command

Main equipment

Turkish Navy
Submarines
1Gür Class Type 209T2/1400
4Preveze Class Type 209T1/1400
6Atilay Class Type 209/1200 (Possible upgrade for 4 subs)
Main surface units
8Gabya (G) Class (Oliver Hazard Perry) Frigate
4Tepe Class (Knox) Frigate
2Barbaros Class (MEKO 200-IIA) Frigate
2Salihreis Class (MEKO 200-IIB) Frigate
4Yavuz Class (MEKO 200-I) Frigate
6Aviso A69 (D'Estienne D'Orves) or B Class Corvette
Helicopters and naval aircraft
0ATR 72-500 MPA (10 ordered)
9CASA CN-235-100M (6 MPA + 3 MSA Coast Guard)
7Socata TB-20 Trinidad (training)
7Sikorsky S70B-28D Seahawk (8 more ordered + 1 optional)
3Augusta Bell AB212E (Electronic warfare)
2Augusta Bell AB212N1
7Augusta Bell AB212N3
3Augusta Bell AB206B
1Augusta Bell AB204N
9Augusta Bell AB412EP (All Coast Guard SAR - 5 ordered)
1Augusta A109K-II (Coast Guard SAR)
Fast guided missile crafts
1Kilic II Class (5 more ordered)
3Kilic Class Type TPB57 052B
2Yildiz Class Type FPB 57
8Dogan Class Type FPB 57 (received upgrade)
8Kartal Class Type S141
Gun ships and patrol boats
7AB Class Patrol vessel
12SG80 Class Patrol vessel (Coast Guard-6 ordered)
8KW15 Class Coastal patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
1SG1 Class Coastal patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
12SG Class Coastal patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
18MRTP15 Class Interceptor craft (Coast Guard)
9MRTP29 Class Large patrol craft (Coast Guard)
1MRTP33 Class Large patrol craft (Coast Guard-10 ordered)
10SAR33 Class Patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
4SAR35 Class Patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
14SG21 Class Large patrol vessel (Coast Guard)
Main landing ships
2Ertugrul Class (Terrebonne Parish) LST
1Osman Gazi Class LST
1Bayraktark Class LST
2Sarucabey Class LST
Landing crafts
28EDIC Class LCT
16C 302 Class LCM
Mine warfare ships
5Edincik Class
9S Class
4F Class
3K Class
1MHV-45-014 Class (5 more ordered)
Land based systems
n/aZipkin KMS (1X4 FIM-92 mounted Stinger) (11 ordered)

Source: http://www.politikforen.de/showthread.php?t=7558

Air Force

Commander

General H. İbrahim Fırtına

Organization

Turkish Air Force is organized into

  • Headquarters, Ankara
  • 1st Tactical Air Force Command, Eskisehir
    • 1st Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 4th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 6th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 9th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 15th Missile Base Group Command
    • 1st Air Control Group Command
  • 2nd Tactical Air Force Commands, Diyarbakir
    • 5th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 7th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 8th Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 2nd Air Control Group.Command
  • Air Training Command, Gaziemir, Izmir
    • 2nd Main Jet Base Group Command
    • 3rd Main Jet Base Group Command
    • Air Force Academy Command
    • Air Corps Schools and Technical Training Center Command
    • Air Language School and Airmen Training Brigade Command.
  • Air Logistics Command, Etimesgut, Ankara
    • 1st Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command
    • 2nd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command
    • 3rd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command
    • Air Museum Command

These commands consists of:

Main equipment

Turkish Air Force
Fighter aircrafts
76F-16C/D Block 50
104F-16C/D Block 40
38F-16C/D Block 30
52F-4E 2020 Terminator
84F-4E Phantom
18RF-4E Phantom
n/aF-5 2000 (48 trainers under delivery)
9(N)F-5A/B Freedom Fighter (Turkish Stars)
Air-to-air missiles
314AIM-120A/B AMRAAM (176 AIM-120A + 138 AIM-120B)
367AIM-7E Sparrow
500AIM-9M Sidewinder
640AIM-9L/I Sidewinder
310AIM-9S Sidewinder
750+AIM-9P3 Sidewinder
Air-to-ground missiles
96AGM-88B HARM
100Popeye I
n/aDelilah II Cruise missile (50 ordered)
274AGM-65G Maverick IIR
550AGM-65A/B Maverick
200GBU 8/B HOBOS
1.200Paveway I-II
523BLU 107 Durandal
n/aAN/AVQ 23 Pave Spike (laser designation pod for F-4E)
40AN/AAQ 14 LANTIRN
40AN/AAQ 13 LANTIRN
n/aLitening-III (20 under delivery, 20 optional)
12LOROPS-IR
Anti-aircraft missiles
n/aI-Hawk PIP III (1X3) launchers (24 launchers to be delivered in 2005)
72MIM-14B Nike Hercules
86Rapier FSB1 (85 launchers updated to Rapier B1X level. 840 additional Mk2B missiles under delivery)
n/aZipkin KMS (1X4 FIM-92 mounted Stinger) (32 ordered)
108FIM-92C Stinger RMP
Tactical transport aircrafts
0A400M (10 ordered)
7C-130E Hercules (to be upgraded)
5C-130B Hercules (With ELINT/SIGINT equipment)
<16C-160T Transall
50CN 235-100M (3 VIP/16 EW)
7KC-135R-CRAG Stratotanker
Early warning aircrafts
0B-737-700/MESA THEIK (4 ordered, 2 optional)
Helicopters
20AS 532UL Cougar Mk1 (14 SAR+6 CSAR)
36UH-1H Iroquois (20 SAR, 4 EH, 12 utility)

Source: http://www.politikforen.de/showthread.php?t=7558

Gendarmerie

Commander

General Fevzi Türkeri

Organization

The Gendarmerie is organized as:

  • Internal Security Forces Command
  • Border Forces Command
  • Training Forces Command
  • Gendarmerie Schools Command
  • Logistics Command

Main equipment

Turkish Gendarmerie
Armored personnel carriers
302BTR60PB (Received BMC upgrade)
n/aAkrep (4X4)
25Condor (4X4
200+S550 Shorlad (4X4)
23UR416 (4X4)
200V150/S Cadillac
124Gage (4X4)
60Dragon 300
Helicopters
21S-70A28 Blackhawk
5S-70A17 Blackhawk (1 VIP)
14AB205A1
16Mi-17 IV
2Mi-17 IVA HOP H

Capabilities

Army

At a short notice, Turkish Army can deploy 90.000 to 100.000 men strength Army Corps to conduct joint operations. The total number of troops is around 1.000.000, and Turkey is one of the most powerful countries in the world. Turkish Army can conduct air assault operations with lift capability of 5 or 6 battalions at a time day and night.

Turkish Navy can participate in international operations and exercises beyond Mediterranean Sea. Submarines can individually navigate up to 15.000 nautical miles and return to home bases. The Turkish Navy is the strongest navy in Europe, after The British Navy.

Air Force

After US Air Force, Turkish Air Force has the most number of F-16 aircraft in the world. Turkish Air Force can participate in exercises conducted overseas. With in-flight refueling capability, Turkish aircraft can join live exercises in central Europe and return to home bases in Turkey, and fly directly from Turkey to USA crossing the Atlantic Ocean.

Humanitarian relief

Turkish Armed Forces can perform "Disaster Relief Operations" as was in recent earthquakes in Marmara Region of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces can conduct peace support operations anywhere in the world with four separate battalion task force.

Considering that Turkish Armed Forces might increasingly participate in peace support operations during the first quarter of the 21st century, in order to increase contribution to global and regional peace and stability, the special importance to develop its current capabilities in this field is attributed.

In 2003 Turkey requested the Netherlands to help protect the southeast of Turkey against possible missile attacks from Iraq, using MIM-104 Patriot anti-ballistic missiles.

Apart from contributing to NATO, the Turkish Navy is also available for the "Black Sea Naval Co-operation Task Group" (BLACKSEAFOR), which was created in early 2004 by Turkey, Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia and Ukraine for search and rescue and other humanitarian operations in the Black Sea.

See also

Source

This article contains information that originally came from a Turkish Armed Forces website, in the public domain.

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