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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by SDas (talk | contribs) at 19:36, 2 June 2007 (→External links). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Background

The Ministry of Human Resources and Development (HRD) of the Government of India has set up several premier technical institutes, across the country that produce India's world class talent pool in science, engineering, and management, and contribute strongly to the economic development of the state where they are located as well as the nation. These institutions include the seven Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), the five Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), several Central Universities, and a few other smaller institutions, all of which receive direct funding from the center (i.e. federal government) instead of relying on smaller budgets through their state and local governments.[1]

According to recent news reports, there has been large scale discrimination in setting up these institutions of higher learning against a few states, especially Orissa.[2] It has also been observed within scholarly circles that Orissa is routinely discriminated against by the Indian government, which has caused the state to lag behind the rest of the nation in terms of infrastructure, poverty reduction, literacy, education, and health.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]

State Established institutions[10][11] Planned institutions[12][13]
Andhra Pradesh 2 Central univ. IIT, SPA, 2 IIESTs, Central univ.
Arunachal Pradesh NE Regional Inst. of Sc. (None)
Assam IIT, 2 Central univ., NIT (None)
Bihar (None) IIT
Chhattisgarh NIT (None)
Delhi IIT, AIIMS, SPA, 4 Central univ. (None)
Goa (None) (None)
Gujarat IIM, NIT (None)
Haryana NIT, NITTTR (None)
Himachal Pradesh NIT, Ind. Inst. of Adv. Studies (None)
Jammu & Kashmir NIT (None)
Jharkhand Indian School of Mines, NIT, NIFFT (None)
Karnataka IISc, IIM, NIT (None)
Kerala IIM, NIT, SCT Inst. of Med. Sc. IISER, IIEST
Madhya Pradesh IIM, IIITM, NIT, NITTR, IIITD&M IISER, SPA
Maharashtra IIT, NITIE, BOAT, AFMC, Central univ., NIT IISER
Manipur Central Agr. Univ. Central univ.
Meghalaya Central univ. IIM
Mizoram Central univ. (None)
Nagaland Central univ. (None)
Orissa NIT1 (None)
Punjab NIPER, NIT, SLIFT, NITTTR IISER
Rajasthan NIT IIT
Sikkim None Central univ.
Tamil Nadu IIT, NITTTR, BOAT, Central univ., NIT IIIT,
Tripura (None) Central univ.
Uttaranchal IIT (None)
Uttar Pradesh IIT, IIM, IIIT, BOAT, 3 Central univ., NIT IIEST, Central univ.
West Bengal IIT, ISI, IIM, Central univ. IISER, IIEST

1the NITs (National Institutes of Technology) are much smaller than the IITs and receive only a 10th of the funding.

Alleged discrimination in existing institutions

Not one of the premier institutions of national importance has been set up in the eastern state of Orissa. In terms of per capita funding received from the HRD ministry, it is among the bottom-most of all states. The only states below it are Bihar, Rajasthan, and a few very small states in the north eastern region. There have been estimates of the amount of HRD funding received by each state within the Indian union. One recently published estimate is provided in the table below.[1][14][15]

State Total2 Per capita Times Orissa State Total2 Per capita Times Orissa
Andhra Pradesh 124.60 16 3.94 Arunachal Pradesh 14.5 127.00 31.2
Assam 225.74 82.00 20.13 Bihar 15.38 1.87 0.46
Chhattisgarh 15.38 17.40 1.82 Delhi 262.83 177.12 43.49
Goa 0.00 0.00 0.00 Gujarat 25.63 4.87 1.20
Haryana 18.85 8.52 2.09 Himachal Pradesh 21.18 33.79 8.30
Jammu & Kashmir 15.38 14.51 3.56 Jharkhand 43.64 16.22 3.98
Karnataka 136.63 25.13 6.17 Kerala 25.63 7.90 1.94
Madhya Pradesh 42.61 7.20 1.77 Maharashtra 172.03 17.09 4.20
Manipur 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meghalaya 54.61 225.10 55.27
Mizoram 54.61 584.05 143.40 Nagaland 54.61 249.01 61.14
Orissa 15.38 4.07 1.00 Punjab 33.55 13.34 3.27
Rajasthan 15.38 2.59 0.64 Sikkim 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tamil Nadu 112.77 17.79 4.37 Tripura 0.00 0.00 0.00
Uttaranchal 89.40 105.42 25.88 Uttar Pradesh 293.53 17.08 4.19
West Bengal 232.71 28.10 6.90 India Total 2102.31 20.00 4.91

2in crore (=10,000,000) rupees

The non-allocation of quality educational institutions to the state of Orissa by New Delhi has been interpreted by various quarters, ranging from politicians to Oriya academics living abroad, as proof of discrimination against the state by the HRD ministry. Orissa, which has 3.6% of the population of India, receives a miniscule 0.73% of the allocated budget[14] This, it is claimed falls within the purview of a larger pattern of "step-motherly treatment" by the government of India towards Orissa.

Alleged discrimination in establishing new institutions

India's recent rapid economic expansion has created the need for more world class talent. The Human Resources and Development ministry has undertaken the need to set up several more institutions of international quality. A total of twenty three institutions were announced, including more IITs, IIMs, Central Universities, as well as the new Indian Institutes of Science Education & Research (IISERs) and the Indian Institutes of Engineering Science & Technology (IIESTs), all under the 11th Five Year Plan. As before, the state of Orissa has not been allocated any institution of national importance and continues to be the last state in terms of per capita investment in human resources by the Indian government.[1][16][17] The regional disparities in this regard has been pointed out even by C. N. R. Rao, the scientific advisor to the Prime Minister of India.[18]

Establishment of an IIT in Orissa

The HRD ministry has recently anounced plans to build three additional IITs in the states of Rajasthan, Bihar, and Andhra Pradesh. According to recent reports, the allocation of the new IITs to Rajasthan and Bihar are to compensate them for earlier neglect.[19] Andhra Pradesh, which borders Orissa will get the third IIT, which allegedly was shifted from Orissa.[20]. The UPA government has categorically declined to establish an IIT in Orissa.[21][22][23]

Upgrading existing institute to an IIEST

Shifting of planned IISER from Orissa

[24].

Central university in KBK region

The Koraput-Balangir-Kalahandi (KBK) region of Orissa[25] is one of the most backward regions of India, with famines and large scale starvation deaths reported each year.[26] The region lacks infrastructure and the Indian government has done very little to alleviate the plight of the impoverished masses in those districts.[27][28] There have been demands by the people of Orissa for the Indian government to establish a central university in this region, as part of the plan to ameliorate the poverty through education, as is being done in the underdeveloped north-east region.[29][30]

Politicians including the chief minister of Orissa, Mr. Naveen Patnaik, have sought to cast this festering issue as a sign of severe neglect of the state by the government in New Delhi led by the United Progressive Alliance (UPA).[31][32][33] In May 2007, the issue became a major issue in the Indian parliament.[34][35] The opposition National Democratic Alliance (NDA) staged a walk-out in the Indian parliament, accusing the ruling UPA of neglecting the state's economic development.[36][37]

Street protests

There have been several incidents of protest in Orissa in 2007.[38] Students have taken to the streets to demand the setting up of an IIT and other educational institutions in Orissa.[39][40][41] Agamee Odisha, an organization spearheading a mass agitation in Orissa has organized statewide rallies.[42] There also have been stray incidents of violence related to the issue of Orissa's neglect.[43] In May 2007, this issue was taken up by the National Students Union of India (NSUI).[44]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Higher education, lower development". 21-Dec-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ "Cry to end higher education divide". 01-Feb-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ "Poverty, Disparities, or the Development of Underdevelopment in Orissa" (PDF). Economic and Political Weekly. 40 (22, 23): 2330–2340. 2006. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Conceptualising social exclusion in the context of India's poorest regions: a contribution to the quantitative-qualitative debate" (PDF). Conference on Experiences of Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Poverty Appraisal. 2004. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ^ "Chronic Poverty and Remote Rural Areas in Eastern India". Conference on Experiences of Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Poverty Appraisal. Los Angeles, California: Population Association of America. 2006. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ^ "Poverty in Remote Rural Areas in India: Pattern, Processes of Reproduction, and Policy Imperatives" (PDF). Understanding and addressing spatial poverty traps: an international workshop. Chronic Poverty Research Centre & Overseas Development Institute }location=Stellenboch, South Africa. 03-2006. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); line feed character in |publisher= at position 65 (help)
  7. ^ Chronic Poverty in Remote Rural Areas (PDF). Birmingham, UK: International Development Department, Univ. Birmingham. ISSN 1-904049-12-5. {{cite book}}: Check |issn= value (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Understanding chronic poverty in South Asia (PDF).
  9. ^ "Tata steel's romance with Orissa: minerals-based underdevelopment and federal politics in India" (PDF). {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "State wise distribution of HRD National Highways funding in India: a preliminary report" (PDF). 20-Jan-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  11. ^ "Government of India, Ministry of HRD, Department of Highr Education". 20-Jan-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ "IITs 11th plan". 20-Jan-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ "MHRD discriminates against Orissa: You be the judge!". Jun-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ a b "Statewise allocation of educational funds by HRD" (PDF). 2005. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "Denying Basic Human Rights to Citizens of Orissa and Bihar" (PDF). 2005. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ "Bias against Bhubaneswar". 1-Jul-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ^ "The gold that keeps Orissa poor". 17-Nov-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ^ "PM's scientific adviser finds Plan paper weak". 30-Sep-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  19. ^ "IITs to come up in Bihar, Andhra and Rajasthan". 4-Mar-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ "Three IITs for Andhra, none for Orissa". 3-Mar-2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ "Govt says no to an IIT in Orissa". 8-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ "Centre rules out setting up of IIT in Orissa". 9-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ "Orissa not to have a premier IIT institute". 2-Jun-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ "NIS/IISER/equivalent must be established in Orissa" (PDF). 20-Jan-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ "KBK Districts".
  26. ^ "Shocking Reports Of Starvation Deaths". 30-Sep-2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  27. ^ "Ferment in Orissa". Jul/Aug-2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ "Centre to blame for starvation". 31-Aug-2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  29. ^ "Central university as development pill". 20-Jan-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ "Orissa demands IIT and KBK Univ". 20-Jan-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  31. ^ "IIT must for Orissa: Naveen". 16-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ "Orissa CM writes to Centre for IIT in the State".
  33. ^ "UPA discrimination on Orissa". 03-Jun-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ "IIT issue echoes in LS". 03-Jun-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  35. ^ "IIT Orissa hits Central wall". 03-Jun-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  36. ^ "IIT for Orissa: NDA stages walkout". 09-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ "Orissa MPs stage walkout over IIT issue". 2007.
  38. ^ "Vehicular movement hit over protests on proposed IIT". 02-Feb-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ "Political activists, students demand IIT for Orissa". 11-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  40. ^ "Child prodigy Budhia rallies for IIT in Orissa". 08-Apr-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ "Janashakti to launch stir against Centre's apathy". Apr-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  42. ^ "Agami Odisha members demand IIT for Orissa". 2007.
  43. ^ "Youths of BJD picks up fight". 15-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ "IIT: NSUI plans stir". 23-May-2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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