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England national football team manager

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The current England manager Fabio Capello.

The role of England national football team manager was first established in 1946 with the appointment of Walter Winterbottom.[1] Prior to this, the England team was selected by the "International Selection Committee",[1] a process by which the Football Association would select coaches and trainers from the league to prepare the side for single games, but where all decisions ultimately remained under the control of the committee.[2]

A total of 15 men have occupied the post since since it became full-time in 1946. However three of those were in short term caretaker manager roles – Joe Mercer (seven games in charge), Howard Wilkinson (two games, a year apart from one another) and Peter Taylor (just one game). In comparison, Winterbottom held the position for the longest to date; a tenure of 16 years, comprising four World Cups and a total of 139 matches.

Alf Ramsey is the only manager to have won a major tournament — the team triumphed in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. No other manager has progressed beyond the semi-finals of a major competition. Swedish coach Sven-Göran Eriksson became the first foreign manager of the team in 2001 amid much acrimony;[3][4] he helped the team to three successive quarter finals in major championships. The current incumbent is the Italian Fabio Capello, who replaced Steve McClaren in 2008 after England failed to qualify for the European Championships.

The England manager's job is subject to intense press scrutiny, often including revelations about the incumbent's private life.[5][6] Due to the high level of expectation of both the public and media the role has been described as "The impossible job"[2][7] or compared in importance in national culture to that of the British Prime Minister.[8][9]

Role

It is hard to overstate the national significance in England to the England manager's job. One measure is that the England manager's role is compared in importance to that of the Prime Minister.[8] Passion for football as England's national sport is coupled with pride in England and moreover Wembley Stadium being the "home" of football.[10] The dismissal or appointment of an England manager is front-page news and the subject of intense interest.[citation needed]

Large sums are wagered on England winning each tournament they compete in,[citation needed] and during tournaments the country is festooned in St George's flags, and shops and offices will be deserted as vast numbers of people watch the game.[citation needed] Expectations of the national side are therefore very high.[citation needed]

The England manager's job is made more complex by his dependency on the cooperation of clubs and their managers to release players for friendlies, something which under recent England managers has become a negotiation.[citation needed] There is also repeated comment that the length of the English season (the top flight plays 38 league matches) is unhelpful for preparing tired players for major tournaments, but the self-interest of the Premier League makes a reduction in the number of games unlikely,[citation needed] particularly in light of the 2008 proposal for Game 39, a match played between Premier League clubs outside of England.

This combination of factors, coupled with England's mediocre record in major championships has led to the England manager's job being described as the "impossible job".[2]

Scope

Today, the England manager's role means he has sole responsibility for all on-the-field elements of the England team. Among other issues, this comprises selecting the national team squad, the starting team, captain, tactics, substitutes and penalty-takers.

The manager is now given a free hand in selecting his coaching ("back room") staff. For example, in 2008, Fabio Capello brought with him four Italians (Franco Baldini as general manager, Italo Galbiati as assistant coach, Franco Tancredi as goalkeeping coach and Massimo Neri as fitness coach);[11] he then appointed Englishman Stuart Pearce, the England Under 21s coach, as an England coach, with Capello stating "From the start I made it clear that I wanted an English coach as part of my coaching team."[12]

The England manager may also involve himself in wider issues beyond the on-the-field team issues. The England manager is expected to advise the FA on how to approach the complex bidding system that surrounds the arrangement of fixtures for a qualifying campaign.[citation needed] On a more tactical level, the manager can request for the grass at Wembley to be cut long or short and a host of other details can be influenced;[citation needed] Capello is even believed to have instructed the Wembley ballboys to return balls at speed when they go out of play.[13] He also acts as a representative of the FA on a host of ambassadorial occasions.[citation needed]

History

Full-time era begins

Until 1946, the England national football team had been under the leadership of an Football Association official and a trainer, usually from a London club.[14] Appointed in 1946, initially as chief coach, Walter Winterbottom had originally been a member of the FA "International Selection Committee".[1] Winterbottom led England to a 7–2 victory over Ireland at Windsor Park, Belfast, in the 1949 British Home Championship.[15] Success in the Home Championship in 1950 resulted in England's qualification to the 1950 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. During the tournament, England suffered a "shock defeat" against the United States,[16] and went out of the tournament with another 1–0 defeat, this time to Spain.[15] England experienced another shock result under Winterbottom's guidance in 1953 when Hungary defeated England 6–3 at Wembley Stadium. Winterbottom said afterwards, "...The press tended to think we would win easily, but I tried to point out that the Hungarians were actually a great side."[17]. He managed England to win the 1954 British Home Championship which qualified the team for the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland but saw his side knocked out in the quarter-finals, going down 4–2 against Uruguay.[15] Four wins from four matches enabled England's qualification for the 1958 World Cup only for Winterbottom's side to fail in the group play-off stage, losing 1–0 to USSR.[18] Losing to Brazil in the quarter-final of the 1962 World Cup in Chile, and under attack from the British press,[19] Winterbottom resigned five months later.[15] He remains the longest serving manager of England.

During Winterbottom's tenure, the England squad was selected by an FA committee, with the manager's role restricted to selecting the starting team and coaching/tactics.[citation needed]

World Cup success

Alf Ramsey took control of the team in 1962.[20] Unlike Winterbottom, Ramsey had been a club manager; he had achieved league success with Ipswich Town[21] Upon his appointment, he immediately declared his belief that England would win the 1966 World Cup.[22] His first match in charge resulted in a 5–2 loss at Parc des Princes against France.[23] England automatically qualified for the 1966 World Cup as hosts and after a goalless draw in the first match against Uruguay, four consecutive victories saw England through to the final against West Germany. A 4–2 victory, after extra time, handed England the Jules Rimet trophy for the first and, as of 2008, the only time. As a result of his and England's achievements, Ramsey was awarded a knighthood in 1967. The following year, he led England to victory in the third-place play-off of the 1968 UEFA European Football Championship against USSR in Rome, but reflected "We are world champions. Third place is not our real position."[24] Automatic qualification to the 1970 World Cup was secured as world champions so Ramsey led England on a pre-tournament tour of South America. The effects of altitude on the team led Ramsey to appoint the first full-time team doctor, Neil Phillips who helped prepare the squad for the forthcoming tournament in Mexico. Despite a bout of food poisoning which swept through the team days before the quarter-final against West Germany, England held a 2–0 lead with 25 minutes of the match remaining. Ramsey substituted Bobby Charlton and scorer Martin Peters,[25] West Germany scored twice to take the game to extra time and went on to score the winner. Ramsey was heavily criticised in the British press for the substitutes.[26] Losing out to West Germany again, this time in a two-legged quarter final in the 1968 UEFA European Football Championship, Ramsey prepared England for qualification for the 1974 World Cup. Needing a win against Poland, Ramsey's tactical use of substitutions was again called in question as the match ended in a 1–1.[27] England had failed to qualify for the World Cup and Ramsey was sacked the following May.[26]

Turbulent times

Joe Mercer took control of the team on a caretaker basis for seven matches,[28] before the FA appointed Don Revie on a five-year contract. It was a year before Revie's England suffered a defeat but despite this, he changed his starting line-up for every game. His relationship with the FA had broken down and his team-building exercises, including carpet bowls and indoor golf, led to disconsolation in the squad. A 2–0 defeat to Holland at Wembley turned the press against him; some commentators compared the loss to the 6–3 defeat by Hungary in 1953. Convinced he was to be replaced by Bobby Robson, he sold his story to the Daily Mail and resigned on 11 July, 1977.[29]

Ron Greenwood was appointed, initially as a temporary replacement for Revie, but later in 1977 on a permanent basis. Bobby Moore described him as “the encyclopaedia of football”, and he guided England to UEFA Euro 1980 without a defeat during qualification.[30][31] The team exited the tournament at the group qualifying stage and Greenwood turned his attention to qualification for the 1982 World Cup in Spain. Defeats in Switzerland and Romania led Greenwood to consider resignation, but a victory over Hungary convinced him to stay.[30] A 2–1 defeat in Oslo, which led to commentator Bjørge Lillelien's famous outburst concluding with "Your boys took a hell of a beating!", meant England required at least a point in their final qualifying game against Hungary. A Paul Mariner goal secured victory and qualification for the team.[32]

Bobby Robson managed England from 1982 to 1990.

Wins over France, Czechoslovakia and Kuwait allowed England into the second round group but two 0–0 draws ended in England going out of the tournament, without having lost a game.[31] Greenwood retired immediately after the World Cup and on 7 July 1982, two days after England were knocked out of the 1982 World Cup, Bobby Robson was appointed England manager, selecting former West Bromwich Albion team-mate Don Howe as his chief coach.[33]

Robson and "The Hand of God"

On 21 September, 1983, Robson suffered his only loss in the 28 qualifying matches he was to undertake as England manager.[34] The defeat by Denmark ultimately led to England's failure to qualify for the 1984 European Championships,[35] Robson offered his resignation but it was rejected by the FA chairman, Bert Millichip, and Robson went on to lead the England team to qualify for the 1986 World Cup in Mexico.[36] England were defeated in the quarter-final by Argentina with a brace of goals from Diego Maradona; the infamous "Hand of God" goal, and the "Goal of the Century" he scored five minutes later.[37] Robson's England dropped only one point in qualifying for Euro 1988 which included an 8–0 defeat of Turkey.[35] However this was followed by failure at the tournament itself, held in West Germany, where England were knocked out in the group stage. They finished bottom of their qualifying group, succumbing to defeats against Ireland, Holland and the USSR.[38] Robson was vilified by the British press, and after a draw in a friendly with Saudi Arabia, one newspaper demanded: "In the name of Allah, go".[39] Robson led England without conceding a goal through the six-match qualification for the 1990 World Cup where they were one of six seeded teams.[40] As in the 1986 World Cup, Robson was denied the service of his captain, Bryan Robson, who suffered an achilles tendon injury which prevented him playing in the latter stages of the tournament.[41] England topped their qualifying group, accumulating four points from their three games.[42] However their progress was not without controversy. England changed formation from their traditional 4-4-2 to incorporate a sweeper, with some sources suggesting this was due to player revolt after the 1–1 draw in the first match with the Republic of Ireland.[43] Robson refutes this claim in his autobiography.[44] This was followed by victories over Belgium and Cameroon in the knock-out stages, to set up a semi-final with West Germany.[42] England lost the match on a penalty shoot-out, after the score was level at 1–1 following extra time.[45]

Controversial times

Robson had announced before the tournament that he would step down from the post after the finals and Graham Taylor was appointed, having been approached in April 1990 by the FA.[46] Failure to proceed past the qualifying round of UEFA Euro 1992 with a 2–1 defeat against Sweden led to newspaper headlines such as "Swedes 2 Turnips 1" and Taylor's nickname of "Turnip Head".[47] Defeat to Holland in the penultimate qualifying match for the 1994 World Cup resulted in Taylor resigning. For only the second time in its history, England had failed to qualify for the World Cup.[48]

Terry Venables took over the helm in 1994 and as England were hosts for Euro 96, did not manage the team in a competitive match for over two years.[49] In January 1996 he announced that he would resign after the tournament as a result of court cases, but led England to the semi-finals where they were defeated by Germany on penalties.[50]

Glenn Hoddle managed England from 1996 to 1998.

He was replaced by Glenn Hoddle whose unorthodox off-the-field approach in bringing faith healer Eileen Drewery to help the team drew significant criticism.[51] Hoddle suggested she was "more of an agony aunt" but during the 1998 World Cup, the press suggested Drewery had influenced Hoddle in squad selection.[52] England were knocked out of the tournament, once again on penalties, this time against Argentina.[53] Hoddle's much-criticised diary portraying his version of events at the World Cup was subsequently published, drawing further criticism. However, in an interview with Matt Dickinson, a reporter from The Times, Hoddle stated "You and I have been physically given two hands and two legs and half-decent brains. Some people have not been born like that for a reason. The karma is working from another lifetime. I have nothing to hide about that. It is not only people with disabilities. What you sow, you have to reap."[54] Dickinson's interview suggested that Hoddle had a "controversial belief that the disabled, and others, are being punished for sins in a former life." Hoddle's comments were criticised by several notable politicians including Sports Minister Tony Banks and Prime Minister Tony Blair.[55] Public opinion, based upon the immediate media furore resulted in (according to one BBC poll) 90% of respondents believing Hoddle should not continue as English coach.[56] However the BBC survey showed that while many considered his comments insensitive to the disabled, others defended his right to express his religious beliefs by claiming that to sack him would constitute religious discrimination.[57] Hoddle stated that he was not prepared to resign and claimed his words were misinterpreted and pointed out his contributions and commitment to organisations helping the disabled.[58] The Football Association terminated Hoddle's contract soon afterwards,[59] which was welcomed by representatives of disabled groups.[60]

Howard Wilkinson was caretaker manager for a single game before the appointment of Kevin Keegan in February 1999. Initially combining the job with a role at Fulham, Keegan was made full-time coach in May.[61] He led England to qualification for the 2000 European Championship following success in a two-legged play-off against Scotland. Two 3–2 losses resulted in England leaving the tournament at the group stage. A loss to Germany in the last international match at the old Wembley Stadium in the first 2002 World Cup qualifying match led to Keegan's resignation.[61] Keegan resigned in the Wembley toilets, an hour after the team was booed off by the England fans; he told the FA officials he "feels a little short at this level", tactically.[62][63]

Howard Wilkinson again returned as caretaker for one more match, followed by Peter Taylor who presided over a friendly loss to Italy.[64]

Foreign management

The FA then took the unprecedented and widely criticised step of appointing the first non-Englishman as coach in the form of Swede Sven-Göran Eriksson. Eriksson had a good record in European domestic football with success in Portugal and Italy and had led clubs to win the UEFA Cup on two occasions.[3] He led England to qualify for the 2002 World Cup with David Beckham scoring a needed equaliser against Greece deep into injury time.[65] England were knocked out by Brazil in the quarter-finals and Eriksson came under fire for his "ice-cool" appearance on the touchline failing to inspire his team.[66] Eriksson's private life also came under scrutiny with a number of well publicised accusations of trysts with women including Ulrika Jonsson,[67] and FA secretary Faria Alam,[68] despite his on-going relationship with Nancy Dell'Olio.[69] He led England to qualification for the 2004 European Championship but once more the team fell at the quarter-final stage, again losing on penalties, this time to Portgual.[70] Losing 1–0 to Northern Ireland in Belfast during the qualification for the 2006 World Cup led to fans chanting "Sack the Swede", frustrated again at the lack of obvious emotion in Eriksson while his coach, Steve McClaren was much more animated.[66] In January 2006, the FA announced that Eriksson would stand down after the World Cup. Losing in the quarter-final again to Portugal and again on penalties, Eriksson duly left the post in July.

The search for Eriksson's replacement was controversial. It became clear that the FA wanted to appoint Luiz Felipe Scolari, but the approach was botched and Scolari turned down the opportunity.[71] Ultimately, Eriksson was replaced by the man who had coached the side under him, Steve McClaren.

Qualification for the 2008 European Championship proved too much, England losing a must-win match against Croatia 3–2 in November 2007.[72] The British press turned on McClaren, former Scottish international Alan Hansen stating that "... what McClaren should be held accountable for is that with a squad of this quality he failed to qualify from what seemed a reasonably straightforward group ...".[73] McClaren was sacked the day following the defeat to Croatia,[74] and was replaced in December 2007 by Italian Fabio Capello.[75]

Media reaction to managers

The reaction of the British media to the England national team manager reflects the changing nature of the British media generally.[citation needed] In recent times, managers have been attacked personally, or for their personal beliefs, or private lives.

Personal attacks

The press had long campaigned for changes in management style and / or replacement of the manager himself, but a watershed was reached under the tenure of Graham Taylor, whose unsuccessful reign led to the manager being pilloried in the tabloids. Most notably, The Sun newspaper reacted to a damaging defeat by Sweden in the Euro 92 tournament, by the accompaniment of the headline "Swedes 2 Turnips 1" with a photographic montage of a turnip superimposed on Taylor's head.[76] Taylor was thereafter often referred to in the media as "Graham Turnip".[71][77] Subsequent footballing ignominies were then followed by other depictions of Taylor as a vegetable; England's first game after Euro 92 ended in a 1-0 defeat to Spain, and the The Sun pictured Taylor as a "Spanish onion".[78]

Issues-based

Hoddle and Eileen/ disabled.

Private life

Sven's affairs

Calls for dismissal

Robson, McLaren

Calls for retention

Robson, Venables,

Statistical breakdown

Manager England career Played Won Drawn Lost Win % Achievements
England Walter Winterbottom 1946–1962 139 78 33 28 56.1 1950 World Cup – group stage
1954 World Cup – quarter-final
1958 World Cup – group play-off
1962 World Cup – quarter-final
England Alf Ramsey 1963–1974 113 69 27 17 61.1 1966 World Cup – champions
1968 European Championship – third place
1970 World Cup – quarter-final
1972 European Championship – quarter-final
1974 World Cup – failed to qualify
England Joe Mercer 1974 7 3 3 1 42.9
England Don Revie 1974–1977 29 14 8 7 48.3 1976 European Championship – did not enter
England Ron Greenwood 1977–1982 55 33 12 10 60.0 1978 World Cup – failed to qualify
1980 European Championship – group stage
1982 World Cup – second round
1984 European Championship – failed to qualify
England Bobby Robson 1982–1990 95 47 30 18 49.5 1986 World Cup – quarter-final
1988 European Championship – group stage
1990 World Cup – fourth place
England Graham Taylor 1990–1993 38 18 13 7 47.4 1992 European Championship – group stage
1994 World Cup – failed to qualify
England Terry Venables 1994–1996 23 11 11 1 47.8 1996 European Championship – semi-final
England Glenn Hoddle 1996–1999 28 17 6 5 60.7 1998 World Cup – second round
England Howard Wilkinson 1999–2000[79] 2 0 1 1 0.0
England Kevin Keegan 1999–2000 18 7 7 4 38.9 2000 European Championship – group stage
England Peter Taylor 2000[80] 1 0 0 1 0.0
Sweden Sven-Göran Eriksson 2001–2006 67 40 17 10 59.7 2002 World Cup – quarter-final
2004 European Championship – quarter-final
2006 World Cup – quarter-final
England Steve McClaren 2006–2007 18 9 4 5 50.0 2008 European Championship – failed to qualify
Italy Fabio Capello 2008– 1 1 0 0 100.0

References

General

  • England: The Official F.A History, Niall Edworthy, Virgin Publishers, 1997, ISBN 1-85227-699-1.

Specific

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  4. ^ "Anatomy of ... Sven-Goran Eriksson". Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  5. ^ "Mystery of Sven-Goran Eriksson and the Italian faith healer". The Times Online. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  6. ^ Ian Gallacher. "Nancy: Sven's going to dump me after World Cup". The Daily Mail. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  7. ^ Matt Majendie. "The impossible job". The BBC. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  8. ^ a b Steve Wilson. "Next England manager: The contenders". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  9. ^ AFP. "Capello appointment gets England talking". EuroSport. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
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  17. ^ Ken Jones (1996-05-20). "Beware the example of Hungary". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  18. ^ "World Cup finals group play-off, Nya Ullevi, Gothenburg, 17 June 1958". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
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  24. ^ "Sportsweek: Replay 8 June 1968". Independent on Sunday. 2002-10-06. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  25. ^ "1970 - Bracelets and bellyaches". ESPN. 2006-05-03. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  26. ^ a b "Obituary: Sir Alf Ramsey, 1922-1999 - The Life Of A Football Legend". The Independent. 1999-05-01. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  27. ^ David Miller (2007-11-23). "This was England's darkest hour". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  28. ^ "Joe Mercer - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  29. ^ James Corbett (2007-11-25). "The king of the damned". Observer Sport Monthly. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  30. ^ a b "Ron Greenwood". The Times. 2006-02-09. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  31. ^ a b "Ron Greenwood - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
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  33. ^ "Don Howe". West Bromwich Albion F.C. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  34. ^ "Bobby Robson - Managerial career". Football association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
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  38. ^ "1988 European Championship". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
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  41. ^ "Robbo ready for new challenge". 2003-10-30. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
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  44. ^ Robson. "Zeroes to heroes". Farewell but Not Goodbye. pp. p132. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
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  46. ^ Oliver Price (2006-07-02). "First & last: Graham Taylor". The Observer. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  47. ^ "Taylor awarded OBE". BBC Sport. 2001-12-31. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  48. ^ "Classic moments - How did it feel ... Holland vs England, World Cup qualifier, 13 October 1993, Rotterdam". The Observer. 2006-10-1. Retrieved 2008-02-14. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  49. ^ "Terry Venables - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  50. ^ Mandeep Sanghera (2006-08-11). "Terry Venables profile". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  51. ^ Sophie Goodchild (1999-01-31). "Hoddle: The trouble with Glenn". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  52. ^ "Eileen Drewery: Hod, God and the Squad". BBC News. 1999-02-01. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  53. ^ "Glenn Hoddle - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  54. ^ "Hoddle puts his faith in God and England". The Times. 1999-01-30. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  55. ^ CNN/SI "World Soccer - Blair adds voice to wave of criticism engulfing Hoddle". Sports Illustrated. 1999-02-01. Retrieved 2008-02-15. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  56. ^ BBC News | Football | You said Hoddle should go
  57. ^ "World press dumbfounded". BBC News. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  58. ^ "More bad karma for Hoddle". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  59. ^ "Hoddle sacked". BBC News. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  60. ^ "'A victory for football'". Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  61. ^ a b "Kevin Keegan factfile". ESPN. 2008-01-16. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  62. ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/columnists/columnists.html?in_article_id=438184&in_page_id=1951
  63. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/984938.stm
  64. ^ "Peter Taylor - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  65. ^ "England reach World Cup finals". 2001-10-06. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  66. ^ a b "Sven-Goran Eriksson". Sporting Life. 2006-04-26. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  67. ^ "Sven and Ulrika keep quiet". BBC News. 2003-10-17. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  68. ^ "Eriksson 'not quizzed' over Faria". BBC News. 2005-07-26. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  69. ^ Tim Adams (2006-02-26). "In a league of her own". The Observer. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  70. ^ "Sven-Göran Eriksson - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  71. ^ a b Simon Hattenstone (2007-03-28). "Why seven-year-old Joe could outmanage McClaren". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
  72. ^ "Steve McClaren - Managerial career". The Football Association. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  73. ^ Alan Hansen (2007-10-22). "McClaren failed to cash in on England's riches". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  74. ^ "McClaren sacked as England coach". BBC Sport. 2007-11-22. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  75. ^ "Capello named new England manager". BBC Sport. 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  76. ^ Edworthy, p149
  77. ^ Matthew Beard (2002-12-21). "Party faces rough ride from former 'Sun' editor MacKenzie". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
  78. ^ Edworthy, p151
  79. ^ Howard Wilkinson took control of the team on two separate occasions, both times as caretaker-manager.
  80. ^ Peter Taylor managed the team on a one-off basis as caretaker-manager.

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