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Adenine

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Adenine
Chemical name 9H-Purin-6-amine
Alternate name 6-aminopurine
Chemical formula C5H5N5
Molecular mass 135.13 g/mol
Melting point 360 - 365 °C
CAS number 73-24-5
SMILES NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2
Chemical structure of adenine

Adenine is one of the two purine nucleobases used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. In DNA, adenine (A) binds to thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. In RNA, adenine binds to uracil (U).

Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose, and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose, and it forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a nucleotide, when three phosphate groups are added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in cellular metabolism as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between reactions.

In older literature, adenine was sometimes called Vitamin B4. However it is no longer considered a true vitamin (see Vitamin B).

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