Curse of Billy Penn
The Curse of William Penn is an alleged curse, sometimes used to explain the failure of professional sports teams based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to win championships since the March 1987 construction of the One Liberty Place skyscraper, which exceeded the height of William Penn's statue atop Philadelphia City Hall.[1] Since then, no Philadelphia major sports team (baseball, football, basketball, or hockey) has won a league championship. The last professional team to win a championship in the four major sports was the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1983 NBA Finals, when they swept the Los Angeles Lakers in four games. This curse has gained such prominence in Philadelphia that a documentary film by the same name, The Curse of William Penn, has been produced about it. Minnesota Twins Rule (1987 & 1991 Baby!)[2]
Origins of the curse
Atop Philadelphia City Hall stands a statue of William Penn, the city founder and original proprietor of the then-British colony of Pennsylvania (meaning "Penn's Woods") [3]. Although this rule was unwritten, the Philadelphia Art Commission would approve no building in the city that was to rise above this statue. This ended in March 1987, when a modern steel-and-glass skyscraper called One Liberty Place opened three blocks away. One Liberty Place dwarfed City Hall by 397 feet (121m), soaring 945 feet (288m) in height compared to City Hall's actual height of 547' 11-3/4" (167m) to the top of Penn's hat, usually rounded off to 548', which coincidentally matches the career number of home runs hit by Phillies Hall of Fame third baseman Mike Schmidt. Its sister skyscraper, Two Liberty Place, at 848 ft (258m), would soon follow.
Philadelphia sports teams had just before then enjoyed an enviable run of success: Major League Baseball's Philadelphia Phillies had won the 1980 World Series and the 1983 National League pennant; the National Hockey League's Philadelphia Flyers had won back-to-back Stanley Cups in 1974 and 1975, and were a regular presence in the finals (to wit, 1976, 1980, 1985, and 1987 as well as 1997); the National Football League's Philadelphia Eagles had appeared in Super Bowl XV, losing to the Oakland Raiders; and the National Basketball Association's Philadelphia 76ers had won the championship in 1983, as well as making the finals in 1977, 1980, 1982 and 2001.[2] In fact, before 1980, the Phillies had appeared in only two other World Series, in 1915 and 1950, and the Eagles had won no NFC conference championships since the 1966 agreement that had created the Super Bowl, while the 76ers won NBA titles in both Philadelphia and in their prior incarnation, the Syracuse Nationals. Construction on One Liberty Place began in 1985, two years after the last championship season in Philadelphia.
Unlike other "curses" that seem to strike particular teams, such as the Boston Red Sox's Curse of the Bambino, the Chicago White Sox's Curse of the Black Sox (both of which have been lifted), the Detroit Lions' Curse of Bobby Layne and the Chicago Cubs' Curse of the Billy Goat, this evil is said to have struck four professional teams in the same city and is sometimes extended to include other sports.
Philadelphia sports since the curse's inception
Major-league sports
After One Liberty Place opened, Philadelphia's franchises began a pattern of narrow, but spectacular, failures to win a conference or national championship: the Flyers lost the Stanley Cup Finals twice (1987—in seven games to the Edmonton Oilers, a mere two months after One Liberty Place opened, and again in 1997 in a four-game sweep by the Detroit Red Wings); the Phillies lost the 1993 World Series in six games to the Toronto Blue Jays, with the Series ending on Joe Carter's famous game-ending home run; the 76ers lost the 2001 NBA Finals to the Los Angeles Lakers in five games; and the Eagles lost three straight NFC Championship games from the 2001 through 2003 seasons, before finally breaking through after the 2004 season and reaching Super Bowl XXXIX, only to lose to the New England Patriots by three points.
In addition, losses in conference finals have occurred eight times since the opening of One Liberty Place, including five by the Flyers, in 1989, 1995, 2000, 2004 and 2008. The 2000 team was one win away from a Stanley Cup Finals appearance, after leading the New Jersey Devils 3-1 before losing three straight, the 2004 team lost Game 7 of the Eastern Conference Finals to the Tampa Bay Lightning, and the 2008 team lost to their bitter cross-state rival, the Pittsburgh Penguins, in five games. The Eagles accounted for the other three conference-final losses; they lost the NFC Championship Game (the winner of which meets the winner of the AFC's corresponding game in the Super Bowl) three years in a row from 2001 to 2003, thus becoming the first NFL team to do this in either conference since the Dallas Cowboys of 1980-1982, losing the last two at home after posting the best record in the NFC. No other team in NFL history has lost back-to-back conference title games at home since the NFL began its practice in 1975 of awarding home-field advantage in postseason play based on regular-season record.
Some believe the curse manifested again on December 19, 2004. The Eagles clinched home-field advantage for the NFC playoffs, but wide receiver Terrell Owens suffered a fractured fibula and severe ankle sprain, which was expected to end his season. Even so, the Eagles won the NFC Championship Game 27-10 over the Atlanta Falcons, breaking their triple NFC Championship losing streak. However, the Eagles lost 24-21 to the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XXXIX on February 6, 2005, despite Owens's return against medical advice. Donovan McNabb threw three interceptions after having had only eight in the entire regular season, and was speculated to be sick with the flu, even to the point that McNabb vomited during the Eagles' final offensive run.
Other sports
The curse is sometimes also extended to include Bensalem-Township-based thoroughbred racehorse Smarty Jones, who saw his bid for horse racing's Triple Crown evaporate when he finished second (by one length) in the 2004 Belmont Stakes after decisive victories in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, including trouncing Belmont winner Birdstone by 15¼ lengths in the Derby.
Although the curse is not generally thought of as extending to college sports, two Philadelphia-based college basketball teams, the St. Joseph's Hawks and the Villanova Wildcats, which had very successful seasons in 2004 and 2006 respectively, failed to reach the Final Four of the NCAA Basketball Tournament. Both were eliminated in the fourth-round Elite Eight matches, with St. Joe's, first seed in the East Regional, losing a heartbreaker to Oklahoma State, and Villanova, first seed in the Minneapolis Regional, falling to eventual NCAA-champion Florida. A third Philadelphia team, the Temple Owls, also failed to reach the Final Four five times due to losses in the fourth round (1988, 1991, 1993, 1999, 2001).
It should also be noted that Villanova won the 1985 NCAA Men's Basketball championship in a stunning upset over heavily favored Georgetown two years after the Sixers championship and two years prior to One Liberty Plaza's opening. Villanova's championship was also the last ticker-tape parade down Broad Street.
The curse, however, does not seem to affect professional teams outside of the "big four" sports; in fact, professional Lacrosse teams have had tremendous success. The Philadelphia Wings of the National Lacrosse League (indoor winter league) have won six titles since 1989, and the Philadelphia Barrage of the Major League Lacrosse (outdoor summer league) have won three championships (2004, 2006, and 2007). Additionally, the Philadelphia KiXX of the Major Indoor Soccer League won their league's championship in 2002 and 2007. It does not appear to affect the Arena Football League's Philadelphia Soul either, despite lackluster seasons after signing top AFL quarterback Tony Graziani in 2003. In 2008, they won ArenaBowl XXII, clinching their first Arena League title.
The curse also does not seem to affect Philadelphia's minor-league hockey franchise, the AHL's Philadelphia Phantoms, who won the Calder Cup championship trophy twice since the curse's inception, in both 1998 and 2005 (the latter championship occurring during the NHL Lockout effectively making them the top North American professional hockey team).
Miscellaneous
In spite of the Curse, when Philadelphia sports teams have reached their league's finals, Penn's statue has often been decorated to support that team's success. For example, after the Phillies won the 1993 National League pennant, Penn was fitted with an oversized red Phillies baseball cap; when the Flyers went to the Stanley Cup finals in 1997, the city adorned Penn with an orange-torso-with-white-shoulders Flyers jersey (at the time, the combination was the Flyers' road jersey).
When the Sixers faced the Lakers in the 2001 NBA Finals Billy Penn was not touched. Pat Croce said he would have "decked out" the statue had the Sixers won but not before.[4] Billy Penn was also untouched when the Eagles went to Super Bowl XXXIX in 2005.
While several other skyscrapers have been erected since Liberty Place, it should be noted that Penn's statue faces northeast. As local sentiment goes, Penn may not be pleased, but at least his view of the Delaware River remains unobstructed. In 2005, construction started on Philadelphia's current tallest edifice, the Comcast Center office building, located two blocks west of City Hall and was completed in 2008. Coincidentally, the building's main tenant, Comcast-Spectacor, owns two of the city's sports franchises, the Flyers and 76ers.
On June 18, 2007, ironworkers from Local Union 401 helped raise the final beam in the construction of the Comcast Center at 17th Street and John F. Kennedy Blvd. in downtown Philadelphia, which will be the tallest building in the city at 57 stories. In an attempt to end the curse, workers John Joyce and Dan Ginion attached a small figurine of Billy Penn to the beam, along with an American flag and a small tree.[5]
Currently, there are plans for a new 1,500 ft. tall skyscraper, the American Commerce Center, that will be located adjacent to the Comcast Center and will be 500 ft. taller when completed in 2012.
Notes
^ The Phillies had their own separate run of bad luck before 1980. Until then they had been the only one of the sixteen original Major League Baseball teams formed from the 1901 National League contraction and subsequent American League foundation to have never won a World Series (the St. Louis Browns had won in 1966 and 1970 as the Baltimore Orioles). This, however, appears never to have been publicly identified as any curse, and no curse-related theories were ever offered, as their futility was largely attributed to bad players and incompetent management. On July 15, 2007 the Phillies became the first team in the history of professional sports to amass 10,000 losses.
On September 30, 2007, the Phillies won the National League East by beating the Washington Nationals by a score of 6-1. Entering play that day they had been tied with the New York Mets, who before their epic September 2007 collapse had previously been poised to win the National League East. The Mets lost to the Florida Marlins by a score of 8-1 on September 30, thus enabling the Phillies to win the National League East for the first time since 1993. However, the hope engendered by the Phillies' improbable late-season comeback proved to be a mirage: by October 6, the Colorado Rockies had completed a three-game sweep of the Phillies in the 2007 National League Division Series.
Hopes of breaking the curse re-ignited when the Phillies won the National League East for the 2nd straight season. They defeated the Milwaukee Brewers 3 games to 1 in the 2008 National League Division Series, and the Los Angeles Dodgers 4 games to 1 in the 2008 National League Championship Series to advance to their first World Series since 1993.
See also
- Sports-related curses
- Philadelphia Eagles
- Philadelphia Flyers
- Philadelphia Phillies
- Philadelphia 76ers
References
- ^ Does the Curse of Billy Penn Continue to Haunt Philadelphia? June 12, 2007. [1]
- ^ The Curse of Billy Penn, ABC Radio National, 18 April 2008
- ^ Appleby, J Ph.D. (2005). "The American Vision," Glencoe, p. 75
- ^ Scally, Bernard J. (2006). "Are Philadelphia sports teams cursed by the city founder?". roxReview.com.
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