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Batman in film

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Batman series
Poster for Batman (1989)
StarringComplete list
Distributed byWarner Bros.
Release date
1989 – present
CountryUnited Sates
LanguageEnglish
Box office$2.6 billion

The Batman film series consists of six superhero films based on the DC Comics character of the same name. The films have been financed and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. Throughout the film series, Batman has been portrayed by Michael Keaton (Batman, Batman Returns), Val Kilmer (Batman Forever), George Clooney (Batman & Robin) and Christian Bale (Batman Begins and The Dark Knight).

Development

In the late 1970s, Batman's popularity was wanning.[1] CBS was interested in producing a Batman in Outer Space film. Producers Michael Uslan and Benjamin Melniker purchased the film rights of Batman from DC Comics in April 1979. It was Uslan's wish "to make the definitive, dark, serious version of Batman, the way Bob Kane and Bill Finger had envisioned him in 1939. A creature of the night; stalking criminals in the shadows."[1] Richard Maibaum was approached to write a script with Guy Hamilton to direct, but the two turned down the offer. Uslan was unsuccessful with pitching Batman to various movie studios because they wanted the film to be similar to the campy 1960s TV series. Columbia Pictures and United Artists were among those to turn down the film.[2]

A disappointed Uslan then wrote a script titled Return of the Batman to give the film industry a better idea of his vision for the film. Uslan later compared its dark tone to that of The Dark Knight Returns, which his script pre-dated by six years.[1] In November 1979, producers Jon Peters and Peter Guber joined the project.[3] The four producers felt it was best to pattern the film's development after that of Superman (1978).[4] Uslan, Melniker and Guber pitched Batman to Universal Pictures, but the studio turned it down.[5] Though no movie studios were yet involved, in late 1981 the project was publicly announced with a budget of $15 million. Warner Bros. decided to accept Batman.[6]

Tom Mankiewicz completed a script titled The Batman in June 1983, focusing on Batman and Dick Grayson's origins, with the Joker and Rupert Thorne as villains, and Silver St. Cloud as the romantic interest.[7] Mankiewicz took inspiration from the limited series Batman: Strange Apparitions (ISBN 1-56389-500-5), written by Steve Englehart.[8] Comic book artist Marshall Rogers, who worked with Englehart on Strange Apparitions, was hired for concept art.[5] The Batman was then announced in late 1983 for a mid-1985 release date on a budget of $20 million. Uslan wanted an unknown actor for Batman, William Holden for James Gordon, and David Niven as Alfred Pennyworth.[6] A number of filmmakers were attached to Mankiewicz' script, including Ivan Reitman and Joe Dante.[9] Nine rewrites were performed by nine separate writers. Most of them were based on Strange Apparitions. However it was Mankiewicz' script that was still being used to guide the project.[10]

Burton / Schumacher series

Batman

Main article: Batman (1989 film)

Millionaire playboy Bruce Wayne begins his career as the shadowy vigilante known as "The Batman." Gotham City is in the grip of mob boss Carl Grissom, with a corrupt police department. Reporter Vicki Vale investigates the mysterious Batman, and is eventually taken in by Wayne's charms. The situation becomes worse when Jack Napier, former associate of Grissom, hideously transforms into the psychopathic Joker. Bruce Wayne must confront tragic moments from the past as the homicidal maniac starts his deadly plans against Gotham.

Batman Returns

Main article: Batman Returns

A mysterious "Penguin-like" man appears out of the sewers of Gotham and is intent on being accepted into society. Corrupt businessman Max Shreck is coerced into helping him become Mayor of Gotham and they attempt to destroy the reputation of Batman as a vigilante. Max's secretary, Selina Kyle, is transformed into the mysterious Catwoman.

Batman Forever

Main article: Batman Forever

Former district attorney Harvey Dent incorrectly believes Batman caused the courtroom accident which left him disfigured on one side of his face. As "Two-Face", he becomes a criminal. Edward Nygma, a former employee at Wayne Enterprises, becomes the Riddler and allies himself with Two-Face. Batman has to stop them with the help of a new sidekick, Robin, and psychologist Dr. Chase Meridian.

Batman & Robin

Main article: Batman & Robin (film)

Mr. Freeze becomes a threat towards Gotham City and allies himself with Poison Ivy and Bane. Batman and Robin must stop them, while Alfred Pennyworth is dying with a disease. Robin begins to have partnership troubles with Batman. At the same time, Batman and Robin receive help from Alfred's niece, Batgirl.

Batman V

Batman Triumphant

In late-1996, Warner Bros. hired Mark Protosevich to write the script for a fifth Batman film. A projected mid-1999 release date was announced.[11] Titled Batman Triumphant, Protosevich's script had the Scarecrow as the main villain. Through the use of his fear toxin, he resurrects the Joker. Harley Quinn appeared as a supporting character, written as the Joker's daughter.[12] When Batman & Robin was released with negative reviews, Warner Bros. was unsure of their plans for Batman Triumphant. The studio decided it was best to consider a live-action Batman Beyond film and an adaptation of Frank Miller's Batman: Year One. Warners would then greenlight which ever idea suited them the most.[13] Joel Schumacher, who directed Batman Forever and Batman & Robin felt he "owe[d] the Batman culture a real Batman movie. I would go back to the basics and make a dark portrayal of the Dark Knight."[14] Schumacher approached Warner Bros. of doing Batman: Year One in mid-1998.[14]

Batman: DarKnight

Despite Warner Bros. and Schumacher's interest with Year One, Lee Shapiro, a comic book fan, and Stephen Wise pitched the studio with a script titled Batman: DarKnight in mid-1998. DarKnight had Bruce Wayne giving up his crime fighting career and Dick Grayson attending Gotham University.[15] Dr. Jonathan Crane uses his position as professor of psychology at Gotham University and as head psychiatrist at Arkham Asylum to conduct his experiments in fear. During a vengeful confrontation with a colleague, Dr. Kirk Langstrom, Crane unknowingly initiates Kirk's transformation into the creature known as Man-Bat. Citizens of Gotham believe Man-Bat's nightly activities to be Batman's "bloodthirsty" return. Bruce becomes Batman "to clear his name" and solve the mystery of Man-Bat.[15] Kirk struggles with his "man vs. monster" syndrome as he longs to both reunite with his wife and get revenge on Crane, while Crane exacts revenge on those responsible for his dismissal from both Arkham and the university while encountering truths about his past. Warner Bros. decided not to move forward, and passed on Batman: DarKnight in favor of Year One and Batman Beyond.[15]

Year One and Beyond

In January 2000, Scott Rosenberg turned down the chance to write the script for Batman: Year One.[16] In mid-2000, Paul Dini, Neal Stephenson and Boaz Yakin were hired to write a script for Batman Beyond, with Yakin to direct. Variety wrote "Batman Beyond is set 40 years in the future, when Bruce Wayne is no longer Batman and his role is filled by Terry McGinnis, a Gotham high schooler who battles evil corporate forces that killed his father and now control what was once Wayne's empire."[17] However, Warner Bros. abandoned Batman Beyond almost instantly in favor of Batman: Year One.[13]

Around the same time, Warners hired Darren Aronofsky to write and direct Year One, despite interest from Joel Schumacher.[17][14] Aronofsky, who collaborated with Frank Miller on an unproduced script for Ronin, brought Miller to co-write Year One with him.[18] They intended to reboot the Batman franchise, "it's somewhat based on the comic book," Aronofsky said. "Toss out everything you can imagine about Batman! Everything! We're starting completely anew."[19] Regular Aronofsky collaborator, Matthew Libatique, was set as cinematographer,[20] and Aronofsky had also approached Christian Bale for the role of Batman. Coincidentally, Bale would be cast in the role for Batman Begins.[21] At the same time, Warner Bros. was moving forward on a Catwoman spin-off.[22] However, by June 2002, the studio decided to move forward on Batman vs. Superman and abandon Year One.[23]

Batman vs. Superman

Warner Bros. abandoned J. J. Abrams' script for Superman: Flyby, which had been greenlighted with McG to direct.[24][25] When McG dropped out in favor of Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle,[26] Warner Bros. approached Wolfgang Petersen to direct Superman: Flyby,[27] however, in August 2001,[28] Andrew Kevin Walker pitched Warner Bros. an idea titled Batman vs Superman, attaching Peterson as director. Superman: Flyby was put on hold,[27] and for reasons unknown, Akiva Goldsman was hired to rewrite Walker's Batman vs. Superman.[13]

Goldsman's draft, dated June 21, 2002, had Bruce Wayne going through a mental breakdown after his five year retirement of crime fighting. Dick Grayson, Alfred Pennyworth and Commissioner Gordon are all dead, but Bruce's depressed emotions become resolved with fiancée Elizabeth Miller. Meanwhile, Clark Kent is struggling by a recent divorce with Lois Lane. Clark and Bruce are close friends, and Clark is Bruce's best man. After the Joker kills Elizabeth at the honeymoon, Bruce plots a revenge scheme, while Clark tries to hold him back. In return, Bruce blames Clark for her death, and the two go against one another. Part of the script took place in Smallville, where Clark goes into exile with Lana Lang. However, Lex Luthor is held to be responsible for the entire plot of Batman and Superman destroying each. The two decide to team up and stop Luthor.[29]

Christian Bale and Josh Hartnett had turned down the roles of Batman and Superman. Bale would eventually portray the same role in Batman Begins.[30][26] Principal photography was to start in early-2003, with plans for a five—six month shoot. The release date was set for the mid-2004.[31] Within a month of Warner Bros. greenlighting Batman vs. Superman, Peterson left in favor of Troy (2004).[13] Warner Bros. decided to move forward on Superman: Flyby and on a Batman reboot.[13] Peterson and Bryan Singer are interested in directing the project sometime in the future, with Bale as Batman.[32][33]

Aftermath

In December 2002, comic book writer/filmmaker Joss Whedon pitched an origin story that was met with negative feedback from Warners.[34] Whedon's version had "a Hannibal Lecter-type villain in Arkham Asylum that Bruce went and sort of studied with," Whedon said. "It was set in Bruce's early years in Gotham City. I get very emotional about it, I still love the story. Maybe I’ll get to do it as a comic one day."[35] In January 2003, Christopher Nolan was hired to take over the Batman franchise, resulting in Batman Begins.[36]

Nolan series

Batman Begins

Main article: Batman Begins

Bruce Wayne begins his vigilante career as Batman. Meanwhile, Gotham City, in the hands of crime boss Carmine Falcone, is in danger of being destroyed by hallucinogenic gases smuggled into the water supply by the Scarecrow. With the help of James Gordon and Rachel Dawes, Batman fights off Ra's al Ghul, the mastermind behind the plan, and saves Gotham City.

The Dark Knight

Main article: The Dark Knight (film)

Batman, James Gordon and newly-elected district attorney Harvey Dent form an alliance to take down the rise in organized crime in Gotham City. In addition, they battle a domestic terrorist known as the Joker. Due to the Joker's actions, Dent transforms into the villain Two-Face.

Future

Warner Bros. president of production Jeff Robinov hopes a third film will be released in 2011.[37] Nolan is not committed to another sequel, explaining that he does not normally line up projects after completing a film, noting "Is there a story that's going to keep me emotionally invested for the couple of years that it will take to make another one? That’s the overriding question. On a more superficial level, I have to ask the question: How many good third movies in a franchise can people name?"[38] Gary Oldman is confident Nolan will return,[39] and Bale said he would return if Nolan did.[40] Oldman hinted in the third film Gordon would have to "hunt down Batman".[41] He has also speculated that the villain of the upcoming film may be the Riddler.[42] Nolan explained that as long as he is directing, he is not including Robin in the franchise because Bale is still portraying a "young Batman", which meant "Robin's not for a few films".[43] In addition, Nolan considers the Penguin difficult to portray on film, explaining, "There are certain characters that are easier to mesh with the more real take on Batman we're doing. The Penguin would be tricky."[44]

Kate Beckinsale has expressed interest in playing Catwoman,[45] while rumors are spreading that Angelina Jolie is reported to be Catwoman. Julie Newmar, who played Catwoman in the Batman series from 1966 to 1967, said "Angelina would own the part."[46] David Tennant and Brian Austin Green wish to portray the Riddler.[47][48] Prior to the release of The Dark Knight in 2008, David S. Goyer said in an interview that characters like the Penguin or Catwoman will be unlikely to appear in a future film, which may instead use villains that have not been portrayed before. However, he did not rule out any characters that have been featured in previous Batman films.[49] Though Two-Face is considered dead by Nolan, Eckhart stated that he would reprise the role if asked, and it was alluded to that things may change by the time the story for the third installment is written.[50] Michael Caine commented that a studio executive was interested in casting Johnny Depp as the Riddler, and Phillip Seymour Hoffman as the Penguin.[51] Hoffman later denied the rumor.[52]

Recurring characters

Main article: List of Batman films cast members

Reception

Box office performance

Film Release date Box office revenue Box office ranking Reference
United States Worldwide United States Outside US Worldwide All time US All time worldwide
Batman June 23, 1989 June 23, 1989 $251,188,924 $160,160,000 $411,348,924 #44 #92 [53]
Batman Returns June 19, 1992 June 19, 1992 $162,831,698 $104,000,000 $266,831,698 #143 #224 [54]
Batman Forever June 16, 1995 June 16, 1995 $184,031,112 $152,500,000 $336,531,112 #101 #150 [55]
Batman & Robin June 20, 1997 June 20, 1997 $107,325,195 $130,881,927 $238,207,122 #340 #268 [56]
Batman Begins June 15, 2005 June 15, 2005 $205,343,774 $166,510,009 $371,853,783 #81 #111 [57]
The Dark Knight July 18, 2008 July 16, 2008 $527,942,811 $464,324,520 $992,267,331 #2 #4 [58]
Batman film series $1,901,635,877 $1,185,751,936 $2,599,560,813

Critical reaction

Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic Yahoo! Movies
Overall Top Critics
Batman 69% (49 reviews)[59] 57% (7 reviews)[60] 66% (17 reviews)[61] B- (5 reviews)[62]
Batman Returns 79% (43 reviews)[63] 57% (7 reviews)[64] B (5 reviews)[65]
Batman Forever 43% (49 reviews)[66] 69% (13 reviews)[67] 51% (23 reviews)[68] B- (9 reviews)[69]
Batman & Robin 12% (58 reviews)[70] 20% (15 reviews)[71] 28% (21 reviews)[72] C- (9 reviews)[73]
Batman Begins 84% (249 reviews)[74] 62% (42 reviews)[75] 70% (41 reviews)[76] B+ (15 reviews)[77]
The Dark Knight 95% (257 reviews)[78] 90% (40 reviews)[79] 82% (36 reviews)[80] A- (14 reviews)[81]

References

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  2. ^ Bill "Jett" Ramey (2005-11-11). "An Interview With Michael Uslan - Part 2". Batman-on-Film. Retrieved 2008-05-04.
  3. ^ Nancy Griffin; Kim Masters (1997). "Hit Men". Hit & Run: How Jon Peters and Peter Guber Took Sony For A Ride In Hollywood. Simon & Schuster. pp. 158–174. ISBN 0-684-80931-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Alan Jones (November 1989). "Batman in Production". Cinefantastique. pp. 75–88. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  5. ^ a b Michael Uslan, Benjamin Melniker, Peter Guber, Tom Mankiewicz, Sam Hamm, Shadows of the Bat: The Cinematic Saga of the Dark Knight—The Road to Gotham City, 2005, Warner Home Video
  6. ^ a b Alan Jones (November 1989). "Batman". Cinefantastique. pp. 55–67. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  7. ^ Stax (2001-12-01). "The Stax Report Special Edition: Script Review of The Batman". IGN. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  8. ^ Taylor L. White (July 1989). "Batman". Cinefantastique. pp. 33–40. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  9. ^ Mark Salisbury (2006). "Batman". Burton on Burton. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 70–83. ISBN 0-571-22926-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ Ken Hanke (1999). "Going Batty in Britain". Tim Burton: An Unauthorized Biography of the Filmmaker. Renaissance Books. pp. 75–85. 1-58063-162-2.
  11. ^ Michael Fleming (1997-02-21). "Helmer's 3rd At Bat". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ Brian Linder (2000-07-27). "Rumblings From Gotham". IGN. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ a b c d e David Hughes (2004). "The Dark Knight Strikes Out". Tales From Development Hell. London: Titan Books. pp. 192–211. ISBN 1-84023-691-4. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  14. ^ a b c Jeff Jensen (1998-12-04). "Winging It". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ a b c Bill "Jett" Ramey (2005-07-28). "Interview: Lee Shapiro". Batman-on-Film. Retrieved 2008-10-18. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ Brian Linder work = IGN (2000-03-09). "Rosenberg Won't Penn Batman 5". Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing pipe in: |author= (help)
  17. ^ a b Dana Harris (2000-09-21). "WB sends Pi guy into the Bat Cave". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ^ Brian Linder (2000-10-16). "The Bat-Men Speak". IGN. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  19. ^ Brian Linder (2000-12-06). "Aronofsky Talks Batman: Year One...Again". IGN. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ Andrew O. Thompson (2000-11-08). "Matthew Libatique". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Adam Smith (July 2005). "The Original American Psycho". Empire. pp. 74–80, 82, 84, 87.
  22. ^ Michael Fleming (2001-04-02). "WB: Judd purr-fect as Cat". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ Dana Harris (2002-06-30). "WB: fewer pix, more punch". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ David Hughes (2003). Comic Book Movies. Virgin Books. pp. p.21-2. ISBN 0753507676. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  25. ^ Mike White. "Superman: Grounded". Cashiers du Cinemart. Retrieved 2008-02-03.
  26. ^ a b Daniel Fierman; Nancy Miller; Brian M. Raftery (2003-03-14). "Stallville?". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-02-08. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ a b Brian M. Raftery; Nancy Miller (2002-07-09). "Dynamic Duel". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. ^ Brian Linder (2001-08-09). "More Batman, Superman Insanity at WB". IGN. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  29. ^ Akiva Goldsman (2002-06-21). "Batman vs Superman 2nd Draft" (PDF). Daily Scripts. Retrieved 2007-10-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ Stax (2002-08-13). "Batman vs. Superman Shelved!". IGN. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  31. ^ Brian Linder (2002-07-09). "Batman vs. Superman in '04". IGN. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ A.C. Ferrante (2007-09-18). "Profile: Wolfgang Peterson Reinvents Troy for DVD With New Director's Cut". If Magazine. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  33. ^ Clint Morris (2006-07-07). "Singer considering Batman Vs. Superman?". Moviehole. Retrieved 2008-02-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ "Joss Whedon Pitched a Batman Film". Superhero Hype!. 2003-12-02. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  35. ^ Casey Seijas (2008-08-11). "Joss Whedon Talks About His Batman Movie That Never Was". MTV. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  36. ^ Michael Flemming (2003-01-27). "Batman captures director Nolan". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ Lauren A.E. Schuker (2008-08-22). "Warner Bets on Fewer, Bigger Movies". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  38. ^ Geoff Boucher (2008-10-27). "Christopher Nolan on 'Dark Knight' and its box-office billion: 'It's mystifying to me'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  39. ^ Rob Allsletter (2008-06-30). "The Dark Knight's Future". Comics Continuum. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  40. ^ Charlene Chang (2008-06-30). "Christian Bale talks 'Dark Knight' follow-up and 'Terminator Salvation'". Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  41. ^ Stephanie Sanchez (2008-07-08). "Interview: Gary Oldman Talks The Dark Knight". IESB. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
  42. ^ "Will Chris Nolan Recast the Joker for Batman 3 or Will the Riddler Take His Place?". MovieWeb. 2008-06-29. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
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  44. ^ Matthew Belloni (November 2006). "Q+A: Christopher Nolan". Esquire. Retrieved 2006-10-13.
  45. ^ Jen Yamato (2007-08-03). "Beckinsale On Catwoman, Wonder Woman, And Her Bond Girl Offer". Rotten Tomatoes. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  46. ^ "Angelina Jolie is rumored to play Catwoman". Back Seat Cuddler. 2008-07-31. Retrieved 2008-10-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  47. ^ Ben Rawson-Jones (2007-09-26). "David Tennant craves 'Batman' villain role". Digital Spy. Retrieved 2007-09-27. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  48. ^ Jennifer Vineyard (2008-08-12). "From 90210 To Gotham City? Brian Austin Green Makes Pitch For Riddler Casting". MTV. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  49. ^ Erik Amaya (2008-06-30). "Write The Dark Knight: The Writers". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-07-10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  50. ^ "Aaron Eckhart on Two-Face". Heather Newgen. September 4, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
  51. ^ Casey Sejias (2008-09-08). "Michael Caine Says Johnny Depp Is The Riddler, Philip Seymour Hoffman Is The Penguin". MTV. Retrieved 2008-09-08. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  52. ^ Casey Seijas (2009-09-09). "'Dark Knight' Update: Philip Seymour Hoffman Responds To Casting Rumor, 'I Don't Know If I'd Be A Good Penguin'". MTV. Retrieved 2009-09-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  53. ^ "Batman (1989)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-07-18.
  54. ^ "Batman Returns (1992)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-07-18.
  55. ^ "Batman Forever (1995)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-07-18.
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