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First Austrian Republic

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In Austrian history, the First Republic refers to the period after World War I, following the breakdown of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, up to World War II. This period was marked by violent strife between the left and the right, e.g. in the July Revolt of 1927. The Constitution of Austria was enacted in 1920 and amended in 1929.

The First Republic ends with the Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938, or, according to some accounts with the establishment of the Austro-fascist dictatorship in 1933/34 following the Austrian Civil War. (The constitution of the Austro-fascist state did not consider Austria a republic, but only a Bundesstaat, i.e. a federation).

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