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Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)

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File:Bill Oreilly.jpg
Bill O'Reilly

William James "Bill" O'Reilly, Jr. (born September 10 1949) is an author, syndicated columnist, and media commentator. O'Reilly is best known as the anchor/host of an American cable television program, The O'Reilly Factor on the Fox News Channel. O'Reilly also hosts a radio program syndicated by Westwood One (called The Radio Factor), and has written five books (one of which is a novel), and writes a syndicated newspaper column. As the host of the most watched program on any tv cable news channel [1], his commentary and confrontational style of interviewing are frequent sources of controversy.

O'Reilly's non-fiction books, The O'Reilly Factor and The No Spin Zone have both reached number one bestseller book on The New York Times bestseller list.

Personal background

Private life

O'Reilly was born in New York, New York to Irish Catholic parents William and Angela O'Reilly, from Brooklyn and Bergen County, New Jersey respectively. His father was initially a bookkeeper, then later an accountant, and his mother was a homemaker. He and his family moved to Levittown, New York when he was a toddler.

After graduating from Chaminade High School in 1967, O'Reilly attended Marist College, a small, co-educational institution in Poughkeepsie, New York. While at Marist, O'Reilly played quarterback, place kicker, and punter on the football team, and also was a columnist and features writer for the school's newspaper, The Circle. As an honors student majoring in history, he spent his junior year of college abroad, attending Queen Mary College at the University of London. [2] He also played semi-professional baseball during this time as a pitcher for the Brooklyn Monarchs, leading him to try out to play for the Mets. O'Reilly received his Bachelor of Arts in 1971.

O'Reilly married Maureen McPhilmy, a public relations executive, in 1995. They have one daughter, Madeline, born in 1998, and a son, Spencer, born in 2003. Since approximately 2001, O'Reilly has not discussed his family publicly due to security concerns, including past death threats. According to an October 2005 interview in Newsday, O'Reilly hired bodyguards and is very sensitive about the general public taking pictures of him, calling them "stealth paparazzi." [3] O'Reilly has requested that no photographs of his home or family be made public to protect his family's privacy and security.

Broadcasting career

After graduating from Marist, Bill O'Reilly moved to Miami, Florida, where he taught English and history at a high school for two years. After leaving Miami, O'Reilly returned to school, earning a Masters in Broadcast Journalism from Boston University in 1976. While attending Boston University, he was a reporter and columnist for various local newspapers and alternative news weeklies, including the Boston Phoenix. O'Reilly did his broadcast journalism internship in Miami during this time, and was also an entertainment writer and movie reviewer for the Miami Herald.

O'Reilly's early television news career included reporting and anchoring positions at WNEP-TV in Scranton, Pennsylvania, where he also reported the weather. At WFAA-TV in Dallas, Texas, O'Reilly was awarded the Dallas Press Club Award for excellence in investigative reporting. Then it was off to KMGH-TV in Denver, Colorado where he won an Emmy for his coverage of a skyjacking. O'Reilly also worked in Portland, Oregon, Hartford, Connecticut, and Boston. [4] In 1980, he anchored his own program on WCBS-TV in New York where he won his second Emmy for an investigation of corrupt city marshals. He was promoted to the network as a CBS News correspondent and covered the wars in the Falkland Islands and El Salvador from his base in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1982). In 1986, O'Reilly joined ABC News as a correspondent on ABC World News Tonight. In three years, he appeared on the show over one hundred times, receiving two National Headliner Awards for excellence in reporting.

In 1989, O'Reilly joined the nationally syndicated Fox Network's Inside Edition, a current affairs television program. He started as senior correspondent and backup anchor for British journalist David Frost, but soon took over the anchor chair when the viewers found him more appealing. In addition to being one of the first broadcasters to cover the dismantling of the Berlin Wall, O'Reilly also obtained the first exclusive interview with murderer Joel Steinberg and was the first national anchor on the scene of the 1992 Los Angeles riots.

In 1995, O'Reilly left Inside Edition to enroll at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, where he received a Master's Degree in Public Administration. Upon leaving Harvard, Roger Ailes, chairman and CEO of the then startup FOX News Channel, hired O'Reilly to anchor The O'Reilly Report, which aired weeknights. The nascent channel's most popular show was renamed to The O'Reilly Factor when it moved to a later time slot in 1998 since the host was the main "factor" of the show.

The O'Reilly Factor

Main article: The O'Reilly Factor

O'Reilly's television show, The O'Reilly Factor, is routinely one of the highest rated shows of the three major American 24-hour news channels (CNN, FOX News, MSNBC). The show is taped late in the afternoon at a studio in New York City and airs daily on the FOX News Channel at 8:00 PM Eastern Time. The O'Reilly Factor is also available internationally from various local television providers, including Sky News in Europe. On occasion, the show may be also be broadcasted live from New York City.

Most of the show is presented as a debate between O'Reilly and various pundits, government officials, journalists, and lobbyists, whom he invites on the show to discuss the current (and usually highly controversial) social and political issues of the day. Because the show primarily centers on its own host's personal opinions and beliefs rather than that of the guests', the O'Reilly Factor can best be described as television's version of talk radio. Indeed, O'Reilly hosts a similar radio program during midday, The Radio Factor, which shares its style and presentation with the likes of Rush Limbaugh.

Political beliefs

O'Reilly disagrees with the assertion that he is a conservative, preferring to call himself a traditionalist and a populist. In his book The O'Reilly Factor, he describes his political affiliation this way: "You might be wondering if whether I'm conservative, liberal, libertarian, or exactly what... See, I don't want to fit any of those labels, because I believe that the truth doesn't have labels. When I see corruption, I try to expose it. When I see exploitation, I try to fight it. That's my political position."

O'Reilly has acknowledged that from 1994 until December 2000, he was registered to vote as a Republican. He changed his voter registration from Republican to Independent just as the Washington Post was preparing a story on his party affiliation. Now a registered Independent, O'Reilly has claimed his previous affiliation was the result of a clerical mistake, and that no box for 'independent' was available on the registration form. [5] One of O'Reilly's completed registration forms[6] have since been widely published, showing an option for those who 'do not wish to enroll in party' did indeed exist, and that the Republican option was chosen.

Now a registered Independent, he has expressed himself independent of both major political parties and engages in criticism of both from time to time. Some liberal critics insist that O'Reilly has close ties to the Republican Party and other conservative groups. O'Reilly's keynote speech at David Horowitz's conservative "Restoration Weekend" event, taking place at the Republican convention in Philadelphia, is occasionally brought up in support of this argument. However, O'Reilly has explained that some of these appearances were inadvertent on his part, such as when Republican U.S. Rep. Chris Shays asked him to speak at a charity benefit in Greenwich, Connecticut without telling him that it was for a Republican-backed cause.

Some of O'Reilly's more liberal viepoints include his opposition to capital punishment, his support for same-sex marriage if the people of the state want it, and a general disdain for many in the Religious Right. His conservative critics also note that he opposes corporal punishment for children, supports gay adoption, and opposes prostitution on grounds of "laziness" rather than any moral problem with it. [7]

On the Thursday, November 3rd, 2005 edition of the O'Reilly Factor Bill O'Reilly endorsed Republican candidate Doug Forrester for governor of New Jersey only a week ahead of the 2005 New Jersey Gubernatorial Election, suggesting that Jon Corzine would not be as tough on child molesters.

Campaigns and recurring themes

Over the years, there have been some ongoing issues highlighted in O'Reilly's print and broadcast work.

  • Condemning Gangsta Rap - Specifically targeting artists who use sexist, racist and violent lyrics such as Snoop Dogg, Jay-Z, Ludacris and 50 Cent, as well as major corporations that enlist them for endorsements.
  • Claims of Liberal Bias in the Mainstream Press - Accuses the New York Times, LA Times, Washington Post, BBC, CBC and other major press outlets of leaning to the political far-left in their reporting.[8] It is his view that these networks and publications undermine the Bush administration's war on terror. [9] Also very critical of what he claims are "far-left" columnists, which has resulted in frequent back-and-forth debates between his show and their columns. [10]
  • Citizen boycott of French goods - In March 2003, called for a boycott of French products and services sold in the United States, due to President Jacques Chirac's stance on the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In April 2004, O’Reilly claimed “they’ve lost billions of dollars in France” as a direct result of his boycott, referring to “The Paris Business Review” as his source. However, no such publication exists. [11]
  • Opposing the American Civil Liberties Union - Frequently targets the ACLU for its role in controversial lawsuits involving free-speech, Government secrecy and religious expression. O'Reilly states that the ACLU is 'the most dangerous organization in America', especially in their challenging of the Justice Department and Pentagon regarding the war on terror. Also highlighted their pro-bono defense of NAMBLA, the National Man-Boy Love Association, which is currently being tried for responsibility in the rape/murder of a young boy. Additionally, he claims the ACLU is blocking every strategy that the U.S. has to fight the war on terror. O'Reilly claims that they actively undermine the War On Terror by: wanting more Abu Ghraib pictures to be released, wanting Geneva Convention protections for all captured terrorists, and by helping to publish the names of countries where terrorists have been taken for interrogation.
  • Jessica's Law - Another recurring theme on the show has been the implementation of harsh penalties on child sex offenders. O'Reilly has frequently pointed out poor judicial handling of said cases and has called for tough new laws. Named in memory of Jessica Lunsford, who was abducted and sexually assaulted before being brutally murdered, "Jessica's Law" refers to the Jessica Lunsford Act passed in Florida which mandates a minimum sentence of 25 years and a maximum of life in prison for first-time child sex offenders. O'Reilly claims that Sheldon Silver, a New York State politician, is single-handedly blocking attempts to get Jessica's Law passed--and has called on his constituents to vote him out the next time he is up for election.[12]
  • Saving Christmas - O'Reilly believes there is a "war on Christmas" being launched by "secular progressives" in America, trying to strip the holiday of its religious meaning. Often cites lawsuits against public displays of traditional Christian symbols, such as nativity scenes, on public property [13]. Additionally, he's been critical of media outlets and corporations for using the phrase "Happy Holidays" to the exclusion of "Merry Christmas," but has stopped short of calling for any specific boycotts [14]. O'Reilly's own website listed "Recommended Holiday Gifts" [15] as of December 6, 2005, but was soon altered to "Recommended Christmas Gifts" [16]. However, the vertical banner clearly says "Christmas." O'Reilly has said that it has always been referred to the "Christmas Slash Holiday Store." O'Reilly has also come under intense criticism for making erroneous statements on the air concerning schools and other institutions that supposedly even banned Christmas-themed clothing and attire.

Highly publicized disputes

O'Reilly's outspoken personality and his willingness to toe a partisan line has resulted in conflict with a number of public figures. Some conflicts have been particularly long-standing and/or widely publicized:

  • Al Franken - The liberal comedian and political commentator published a book, Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them: A Fair and Balanced Look At the Right, which featured an unflattering photograph of O'Reilly on the cover and a chapter devoted to him inside. The two had a heated argument over some of Franken's accusations at a booksellers convention that aired live on C-Span.[17] O'Reilly will only refer to Franken as Stuart Smalley, after a character the comedian once portrayed on Saturday Night Live. Franken's Air America radio program, launched in 2004, was initially titled 'The O'Franken Factor.'
  • Ludacris - As part of his continuing criticism of gangsta rap music, O'Reilly accused Ludacris and Pepsi, who employed the rapper to advertise their cola, of targeting young people with inappropriate material. A successful boycott was launched against Pepsi, which dropped Ludacris from the their ad campaign (replacing him with Ozzy Osbourne.) Ludacris has expressed his feelings about O'Reilly on subsequent albums.
  • Jeremy Glick - After Jeremy Glick's father was killed in the 9/11 attacks, he signed his name to an advertisement opposing military action against Afghanistan. He was then invited to appear on the O'Reilly Factor. On September 18, 2003's Factor, O'Reilly stated that Glick was a "disgrace to [his] father," repeatedly stated "shut up," and cut his microphone.[18]
  • San Francisco - On November 8, 2005, the voters of San Francisco approved Proposition I, a ballot measure that declared the city's opposition to "the federal government's use of public schools to recruit students for service in the military." In response, O'Reilly said on his radio show that federal anti-terror funds should be withheld from the city, declaring "You know, if I'm the president of the United States, I walk right in to Union Square, I set up my little presidential podium, and I say listen, citizens of San Francisco, if you vote against military recruiting, you're not going to get another nickel in federal funds. Fine. You want to be your own country? Go right ahead. And if Al Qaeda comes in here and blows you up, we're not going to do anything about it....We're going to say, Look, every other place in America is off limits to you, except San Francisco. You want to blow up the Coit Tower? Go ahead." San Francisco City Supervisor Chris Daly told KPIX-TV that he intended to take action against O'Reilly by introducing a resolution demanding that Fox News executives fire O'Reilly. Mayor Gavin Newsom also defended the proposition that began the whole conflict, saying it was not "anti-military."

Public controversies

Sexual harassment suit

On October 13, 2004, O'Reilly sued former O'Reilly Factor producer Andrea Mackris for what he claimed was a politically and financially motivated extortion attempt against him. He also sued her lawyer, Benedict P. Morelli, and Morelli's law firm for the same reason.[19] O'Reilly's lawsuit contended that Mackris had privately demanded more than $60 million (USD) to settle a sexual harassment lawsuit she was planning on filing against O'Reilly, Fox News, and Westwood One in court. A few hours after O'Reilly's lawsuit was filed, Mackris filed her own against O'Reilly for allegedly making sexually inappropriate comments to her and attempting to engage in phone sex.[20]

On October 19, Mackris filed an amended complaint, adding what she claimed were further details of O'Reilly's alleged sexual harassment. The complaint quoted what it described as O'Reilly's "vile and degrading monologue[s]" at length, suggesting that his statements were tape recorded. Mackris alleged that, in various phone conversations, O'Reilly described his perverted sexual fantasies about vibrators, loofahs, falafels and Mackris. The complaint described actions allegedly taken against her by Fox and O'Reilly for the purpose of retaliation for filing her original complaint, and asked for additional damages. Fox News contended that Mackris was still on their payroll at the time her lawsuit was amended, and that she had not shown up for work for over two weeks and had stated she was not going to return at any point. They also moved to obtain the court's permission to fire Mackris without it appearing that they were retaliating, which would be illegal according to sexual harassment statutes.

Both parties settled the case on October 28, 2004 before it ever reached the court. As part of the settlement, both parties stated publicly that no wrong had been done by O'Reilly or Mackris, and that the terms of the settlement would remain private. [21] Under the terms of their agreement, both parties are not permitted to speak about the case. One consequence of the settlement is that O'Reilly must have a "minder", or third party, in person when he is being interviewed in person or on the telephone. [22] He has claimed his situation highlights many of the privacy problems and struggles that public figures have. O'Reilly claims that any "vicious" and "personal attacks" lodged against him are "legally unactionable" because he is famous and in the public spotlight.

Regarding his background

Bill O'Reilly has long noted his working-class roots as his inspiration for speaking up for average Americans, or what he calls 'the folks'. He often points to his boyhood home in lower-middle-class Levittown, New York as a credential. This has been the subject of much debate.

Liberal commentator Al Franken, the Washington Post, and others have asserted that O'Reilly did not grow up in Levittown, but instead in a more affluent neighboring village, Westbury. The source the Post used for their assertion was O'Reilly's mother, who at the time a profile of O'Reilly was published in 2000 still lived in O'Reilly's boyhood home.[23] Defenders of O'Reilly often state that Levittown was in reference to the mass construction of homes and the instant communities produced by the developers, and was not necessarily related to jurisdictional boundaries.[24] In response to these charges, O'Reilly provided a copy of the mortgage to the house, showing a postal address in Levittown. However, in many cities, city limits do not coincide with postal boundaries, and to protect his mother's privacy, the full street address was not disclosed. O'Reilly has also alleged that the Washington Post misquoted his mother. [25]

Position on Iraq

Speaking on ABC's Good Morning America on 18 March, 2003, O'Reilly made the following promise: "If the Americans go in and overthrow Saddam Hussein and it's clean, he has nothing, I will apologize to the nation, and I will not trust the Bush administration again."

In another appearance on the same program on 10 February 2004, O'Reilly responded to repeated requests for him to honor his pledge: "My analysis was wrong and I'm sorry. I was wrong. I'm not pleased about it at all." With regard to never again trusting the Bush administration, he has said, "I am much more skeptical of the Bush administration now than I was at that time." He continues to support U.S. invasion of Iraq stating that the weapons of mass destruction were not the primary reasons for the invasions. However on Comedy Central's, The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, he called the lack of weapons of mass destruction "a left wing lie," and later on the Factor agreed with claims that they were moved to bordering nations. He continues to also support U.S. efforts in Iraq. However, he remains critical of how the Bush administration is handling it. He believes the U.S. is relying too much on Iraqi support, that may or may not become significant enough to win the war, and is critical of the administration's failure to secure Iraqi borders. He has also criticised the time it has taken to train the Iraqi security forces, when compared to U.S basic training.

References

  1. ^ "http://library.marist.edu/archives/Circle/circle.html". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); External link in |title= (help)
  2. ^ "http://library.marist.edu/archives/JLRBelanger.html". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); External link in |title= (help)
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  8. ^ "Talk of the Nation, Sept 9, 2003". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
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  12. ^ "WorldNetDaily: Work or die". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  13. ^ "O'Reilly again warns that same-sex marriage cou ... [Media Matters]". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  14. ^ "FOXNews.com - The O'Reilly Factor - Talking Points - Calif. Supreme Court Nullifies Gay Nups". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  15. ^ "FOXNews.com - The O'Reilly Factor - Rosie O'Donnell vs. Bill O'Reilly". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  16. ^ "Crooks and Liars". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
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  18. ^ "Think Progress » O'Reilly: I Would Execute Everyone At Gitmo". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
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  28. ^ O'Reilly, Bill. "A Ludacris choice". New York Daily News. March 7, 2004.
  29. ^ "FOXNews.com - The O'Reilly Factor - Interview - Is Gangsta Rap Hurting America's Children?". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  30. ^ "O'Reilly again made false claim that Hussein "a ... [Media Matters]". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
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  32. ^ "O'Reilly Hit With Sex Harass Suit". The Smoking Gun. Retrieved July 11, 2005.
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  36. ^ "FOXNews.com - The O'Reilly Factor - Talking Points - The Truth About the Cindy Sheehan Situation". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  37. ^ "News Hounds: Cindy Sheehan says Bill O'Reilly's Show is an "Obscenity to Humanity"". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  38. ^ "Bill O'Reilly Wants You To Shut Up - Also, Al Franken, Tom Daschle, Jimmy Carter, Rosie O'Donnell, gay people who talk about their sexual orientation, atheist Scouts, peaceniks, both parties … By Jack Shafer". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  39. ^ "http://www.aim.org/publications/aim_report/2003/18.html". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); External link in |title= (help)
  40. ^ "Letter from David Brock to Bill O'Reilly". Media Matters for America. December 16, 2004.
  41. ^ Ackerman, Seth & Hart, Peter. "Bill O'Reilly's Sheer O'Reillyness". Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting. July/August 2001.
  42. ^ "FOX's O'Reilly fabricated evidence of success of purported boycott of French imports". Media Matters for America. April 28, 2004.
  43. ^ O'Reilly, Bill. "What say O'Reilly". New York Daily News. July 6, 2004.
  44. ^ "O'Reilly defended old lies exposed by Jack Mathews and MMFA, told new ones". Media Matters for America. July 7, 2004.
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  46. ^ "http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/archives.html". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); External link in |title= (help)
  47. ^ "FTD - Statistics - Country Data - U.S. Trade Balance with France". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  48. ^ "American Civil Liberties Union : ACLU Statement on Defending Free Speech of Unpopular Organizations". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
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  51. ^ "BBC NEWS". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Text "Programmes" ignored (help); Text "Question Time" ignored (help); Text "This week's panel" ignored (help)
  52. ^ Farhi, Paul. "The Life of O'Reilly". Washington Post. December 13, 2000.
  53. ^ "Questions and Answers". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  54. ^ "O’Reilly rules". MSNBC. December 9, 2003.
  55. ^ "http://www.billoreilly.com/images/pdf/deed.pdf" (PDF). September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); External link in |title= (help)
  56. ^ "Bill O'Reilly Spins". September 9. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  57. ^ Gay, Verne (Oct. 18, 2005). "What's hate got to do with it?". Newsday.

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