Cosmopolitan (magazine)
Cosmopolitan, or simply Cosmo, is a magazine published monthly from New York City by the Hearst Corporation. It was founded in 1886 as a "magazine for the whole family". The current editor-in-chief is Kate White.
Through the years, Cosmopolitan magazine has been able to open versions in 32 languages, such as Spanish, Swedish, Romanian, Russian and French. It reaches readers in more than 100 countries worldwide. It was banned in Singapore until recently.
In earlier incarnations, such as under John Brisben Walker from 1889 to 1905, it was one of America's leading markets for fiction, and for a briefer period was known for important investigative journalism.
Circulation had been in decline for years until Helen Gurley Brown became chief editor in 1965, and remodeled the magazine. Cosmopolitan became a women's magazine complete with a sexy cover shot every month of a woman (usually) in a low cut dress or bikini.
In recent years the magazine, and in particular, its cover stories, have become more sexually explicit in tone.
Cosmopolitan in the UK started in the early 1970s. It was well known for its sexual explicitness, especially with strong sexual language, male nudity (although not showing the genitals, or it would be considered pornographic) and sexual themes such as rape.
More recently they have designed a spinoff magazine, CosmoGirl, targeting a young female audience.
Typical Cosmo Magazine
Though Cosmopolitan is known for its sex advice and sex tips, the magazine does also try to educate women in areas other than sexuality. Regular features such as "Guy Confessions", where men tell embarrassing stories, and sections like "Health Check", which has featured articles such as "Cosmo Gyno" and "Your Body: Curb your out of control winter appetite," are there not only for entertainment value but to help women understand their bodies and even recognize possible health problems. There are also gossip articles about celebrities. However, Cosmopolitan does promote good mental and physical health. They have monthly sections titled "Real Life Reads" that talk about experiences women have gone through; for example one women talked about her fiancé being killed in Iraq. They also have a section called "You, You, You", which contains a wide variety of advice. Cosmo seems to have created a niche for itself because its content is women oriented and allows a place for women to read about their bodies and know that other women are going through the same experiences with sex and life.
Criticism
The magazine's increasingly sexual focus has led to some controversy, especially since it is often sold in clear-view at checkout counters of family grocery stores. Many parents are uncomfortable with their children reading magazine headlines such as "How to date 8 men at once and get away with it."
While Cosmo has evolved into a magazine that has features to attract both male and female readers, female readers are still the most heavily engaged target audience. The magazine features mostly feminine topics such as sex, makeup, hair tips, etc. Certain third-wave feminists have argued that although the present iteration of Cosmo was started to stop discrimination and empower women, it now contributes to women's oppression by inspiring uneasiness over their physical image, due to the magazine's venerated display of women's sexuality and statuesque body image.