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For other uses, see American Life (disambiguation).
Untitled

American Life is the ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Madonna. It was released on April 22, 2003, produced by Warner Bros. Records and Maverick Records. It was the 32nd best selling album worldwide of 2003. The RIAA certified it platinum on July 7, 2003, in recognition of one million shipments throughout the United States.[1] It is the second lowest selling studio album of her career, after Hard Candy, with sales over four million copies.[2]

The album received mixed reviews by contemporary music critics, with some calling it unpatriotic and an absurd and slack production. American Life is the most controversial Madonna album of the decade. The original music video of the first single, the title track, was pulled after criticism over its anti-war content.

American Life is considered a concept album with recurring themes of "American Dream" and "materialism". Furthermore, the themes reject the reputation Madonna held in the 80's with her worldwide hit "Material Girl".[3] This was her final studio album with Maverick, and marked the end of a eleven year recording history with the label.[4][5]

Album information

The album was mostly composed and entirely produced by Madonna and Mirwais Ahmadzaï. Both had previously collaborated together on Madonna's studio album Music.[6][7] Madonna started recording the album in early 2002, after filming the movie Swept Away. Recording of the album was finished in London and Los Angeles in late 2002.[8]

Besides Madonna and Ahmadazaï, other songwriting collaborators on the album were Monte Pittman, Stuart Price, British singer-songwriters Jem Griffiths and Guy Sigsworth, who had previously worked on the song, "What It Feels Like for a Girl", from the Music album. Composer Michel Colombier, who previously worked on some of the string-arrangements on Music also contributed. Colombier is responsible for all the string-arrangements on American Life, and conducted "Easy Ride", "Nothing Fails", and "Die Another Day".[9]

The album is Madonna's second album to bear a "Parental Advisory" label, due the strong profanity used in the song "American Life". The only other albums to do so being 1992's Erotica (due the sexually explicit content) and 2007's The Confessions Tour (due live performances of "Forbidden Love" and "Live to Tell").

Downloads and website hack

To counter illegal Internet downloads of the album's songs both before and after the album's release, Madonna's associates created a number of false song files of similar length and size. Some of these files delivered a brief message from Madonna saying "What the fuck do you think you're doing?" followed by minutes of silence. Other dummy files included Madonna quasi-rapping, "Thought you'd sneak past me, didn't you? Thought you'd get by me, now didn't you?" and an endless loop of the line "I'm drinking a soy latte, I get a double shoté, it goes right through my body and you know I'm satisfied" from the track "American Life." Madonna's website was hacked, with a message appearing on the front, saying "This is what the fuck I think I'm doing...," followed by download links for each of the album's songs.[10]

Title, cover and direction

Half-length portrait of one brunette. She wears a suit and a beret with military arrangements. In her hands she carries a gun. Behind her, the background is orange. Above it, can be appreciate the Symbionese Liberation Army Naga Symbol. Near, can be seen half of what looks like a rifle.
Patty Hearst (shown) and Che Guevara, are considered as inspirations for the thematic of the album.

French design-team M/M Paris were responsible for the artwork of American Life. M/M Paris is a partnership between Michael Amzalag and Mathias Augustyniak. The duo are best known for their collaborations with another musicians.[11] A cause of the paramilitary theme, the dyed hair and the artistic composition, some see a parallel between the album cover and the infamous photos of kidnapped newspaper heiress Patty Hearst.

One of the first rumored titles of the album was Ein Sof, which Madonna had mentioned in an interview with Larry King in October 2002, during the promotion for Swept Away.[8] "Ein Sof" is a Hebrew word, meaning "endlessness". In early 2003, it was revealed that the working title for the album was Hollywood (a song on the album), until the final title, American Life was confirmed on February 10, 2003.

In mid-January 2003, in Los Angeles, the photo shoot for the album was done by photographer Craig McDean. McDean had already worked with Madonna for the portfolio for Vanity Fair magazine in October 2002. It had a military theme, with Madonna posing in dark greens and blacks, combat boots, and holding guns. Her hair was dyed dark brown, and on the cover of the album, Madonna is wearing a beret and is almost a copy of the famous image of Che Guevara. In an interview to the Italian version of TV show Top of the Pops she said that the choice to emulate Che's image was because she likes what he represents and was feeling revolutionary when she wrote the album.[12]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic [13]
The A.V. Club(negative) [14]
Blender [15]
Robert Christgau(2-star Honorable Mention)(2-star Honorable Mention) [16]
entertainment.ie [17]
Entertainment Weekly(B-) [18]
The Guardian [19]
NME(7/10) [20]
Rolling Stone [3]
Slant Magazine [21]
Stylus(F) [22]
Yahoo! Music UK [6]

The album received mixed reviews from most music critics, based on an aggregate score of 60/100, from website Metacritic.[23] "[...] winds up as the first Madonna record with ambitions as serious as a textbook" and "Even so, there's a lot that's interesting" were some mixed critics said by Allmusic, who gave the album two-and-a-half-out-of-five stars.[7][13] According to Metacritic, E! Online gave one of the best critiques: "Aside from the thumping groove of "Nobody Knows Me" and a few other bouncy beats, much of the electro style Madonna experimented with on 2000's Music has been replaced with warmer sounds and earthy touches, like acoustic guitars and a choir that comes from nowhere on 'Nothing Fails'".[23] Ben Ratliff, of Rolling Stone, declared "the production is artfully thin. You get the feeling that what she'd really like to do is make an album of voice and guitar".[3] Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly wrote "You can give her a Razzie, you can try sweeping her away with dismissals of irrelevance in a 50 Cent world, but you can't count her out. At its best, her new album offers blunt, questing, decisive music at a chaotic time".[18] Tony Power, from Blender, noted "Madonna overdoes the self-analysis on this slack, narcissistic retread of Music".[15] Johnny Davis, from New Musical Express acclaimed 3 points: "We discover that (a) love is all that matters ('Love Profusion', 'X-Static Process') (b) fame won't make you happy ('I'm So Stupid') and (c) life - it's a rum do, and no mistake ('Easy Ride', 'Nobody Knows Me')".[20] Moreover, Ed Howard, Stylus Magazine writer, failed the album: "Despite the Che Gueverra poses in the sleeve art and the anti-capitalist rant of the title track, American Life is really just an album about, well, Madonna"; continuing with "Producer Mirawis [...] crafts from his usual palette of heavily processed guitars and subdued techno beats, keeping the mood mostly restrained and low-key in stark contrast to the genre-switching Music" and finishing with "But these bare moments of enjoyment can hardly salvage a whole album of mediocre music. Madonna was once the definitive pop auteur, [...] but at least she's always been interesting and (more importantly for pop music) entertaining.[22]

Commercial response

According to NBC Washington D.C. and The Daily Telegraph, "American Life" sold over four million units worldwide;[2][24] making it the 32nd best selling album worldwide of 2003.[25]

American Life debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with 241,000 copies sold in its first week. It was her second consecutive number one debut, and her fifth number one overall in the United States.[26] It also peaked at number one in the United Kingdom, where it sold 300,000 copies.[27] The release of the album was a commercial slump for Madonna in the United States, in part due to controversy over the second single, "American Life".[28]

In 2004, American Life was nominated at the 46th Grammy Awards in two categories "Best Short Form Music Video" and "Best Dance Recording", both for the song "Die Another Day". Also was nominated for "Best Video from a Film" at 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, but lost against Lose Yourself by Eminem.

Singles

"American Life"
Excerpt of the album's title track, the single was panned by music critics.
"Nothing Fails"
Madonna's lowest charting single in Eurochart Hot 100 since "Another Suitcase in Another Hall" in 1996.
Problems playing these files? See media help.

"Die Another Day", was the first single from the original score of the same name for the twentieth James Bond film. Later was added to the album. The song peaked at number eight in the United States;[29] and number three in the United Kingdom selling over 167,000 copies.[30] The production costs for the music video were over $6,000,000, making it the second most expensive music video ever made, after "Scream" by Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson.[31]

"American Life" was released as the lead single from the album on April 8, 2003 in the United States and on April 14 in Europe. There are two music videos.[28] The first develops in a fashion runway, where the topic is war. At the end of the music video, is shown the Ex-President of the United States, George W. Bush. The anti-war content of its music video was interpreted as being unpatriotic, making Madonna withdraw its release for American music channels. She issued a statement saying she did so because she believed it was not appropriate to air it at that time, and that she did not want to risk offending anyone who could misinterpret its meaning.[32] Because of the controversy that caused, was filmed a second video, which shows Madonna singing with military clothing in front of the various flags of the world. The song debuted at number ninety on the Billboard Hot 100;[33] and peaked at number thirty-seven on the chart; becoming Madonna's forty-fifth entry to Top 40 in the chart.[29] The song also peaked at number two in the UK;[34] seven in Austria and Australia;[35][36] and ten in Germany and France.[37][38]

The second single, "Hollywood", launched on July 3, 2003 in Europe and July 8, 2003 in the U.S., failed to chart in the Hot 100, becoming Madonna's first single in twenty years not to do so, since her song "Holiday", but entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles Chart at number three. The song was a top-five hit in Argentina, Canada, Italy and the United Kingdom.[39][40][41]

"Nothing Fails", was released in Europe on November 21, 2003 as third single. It was a minor chart success, but did not match the success of previous singles from American Life in the Continent, charting outside the top twenty in some countries. Also, it peaked in the top-ten in Argentina, Canada, Ireland and Spain.[36][41] In late 2003, "Nothing Fails" was remixed as "Nothing Fails (Nevins Mix)" for Madonna's remix EP Remixed & Revisited. The remix peaked at number seven in Italy.[41]

"Love Profusion", was the fourth and the final single from the album, released on December 8, 2003. Peaked in the top-ten only in Greece, Italy and Canada, her fifth top 10 Canadian hit from the album and thirteenth top ten in-a-row.[39][41] Also, debuted and peaked at eleven on UK Singles Chart;[42] becoming her sixth single, of seven, in lost the Top 10 on the chart, after One More Chance on 1996. Also peaked on Billboard Pop 100 at one-hundred; and at the Bubbling Under Hot 100, at number five.

Promotional singles

The promotional releases, "Nobody Knows Me" and "Mother and Father", became very successful in American clubs, peaking at #4 and #9 respectively on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart.[39] American Life became the first album to achieve seven top-ten songs on this chart.[43]

Album promotion

See also: Re-Invention World Tour

Madonna initially promoted the record by playing the songs at smaller venues on the American Life Promo Tour. She later supported the album with her worldwide Re-Invention World Tour in 2004. The tour was the sixth concert tour by Madonna. Supported by the album, the tour was a commercial success. Tickets were completely sold as soon as dates and venues for the concert were announced, prompting the organizers to add more dates. After its end, the tour was named as the highest grossing tour of 2004, earning $125 million from 56 shows and 900,000 audience. It won the Top Tour award as part of the 2004 Billboard Touring Awards.[44]

During the tour, Madonna released the remix EP Remixed & Revisited. The EP is made up of five remixes from American Life, another remix and a new song.[45]

Madonna performed the songs "Like a Virgin" and "Hollywood" with Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera and with a guest rap by Missy Elliott at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards.[46] Moments before Missy Elliott's act, Madonna kissed Spears and Aguilera during the performance, resulting in a tabloid frenzy.[47][48]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."American Life"Madonna, Mirwais AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:58
2."Hollywood"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:24
3."I'm So Stupid"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:09
4."Love Profusion"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï3:38
5."Nobody Knows Me"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:39
6."Nothing Fails"Madonna, Guy Sigsworth, Jem GriffithsMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:49
7."Intervention"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:54
8."X-Static Process"Madonna, Stuart PriceMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï3:50
9."Mother and Father"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:33
10."Die Another Day"Madonna, M. AhmadzaïMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï4:38
11."Easy Ride"Madonna, Monte PittmanMadonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï5:05

Additional notes:

Album credits

Personnel

Production

  • Producers - Madonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï, Mark Stent
  • Engineers - Paul PDub Walton
  • String engineer - George Foster
  • Assistant engineers - Rob Haggett, Tom Hannen, Jeff Kanan, Tim Lambert, Gabe Sganga, David Treahearn
  • Mastering - Tim Young
  • Programming - Mirwais Ahmadzaï
  • Choir arrangement - Nicky Brown
  • String arrangements - Michel Colombier
  • Photography - Craig McDean

Charts and certifications

Chart procession and succession

Preceded by Billboard 200 number-one album
May 4, 2003 – May 10, 2003 		Succeeded by
Preceded by UK number one album
May 3, 2003 – May 9, 2003 		Succeeded by

Accolades

Grammy Awards
Year Song Award Result
2004 "Die Another Day" Best Dance Recording Nominated
Best Short Form Music Video Nominated

References

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  3. ^ a b c Ratliff, Ben (2003-04-22). "Madonna: American Life: Music Reviews: Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 02-17-2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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