November 12
November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining.
Events
- 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days.
- 1439 - Plymouth, England, becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament.
- 1918 - Austria becomes a republic.
- 1927 - Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin with undisputed control of the Soviet Union.
- 1927 - The Holland Tunnel opens to traffic as the first Hudson River vehicular tunnel linking New Jersey to New York City.
- 1934 - The musical Babes in Toyland debuts, featuring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy as comic relief (see Laurel and Hardy).
- 1936 - In California, the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic.
- 1941 - World War II: Temperatures around Moscow drop to -12 ° C and the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.
- 1942 - World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces begins near Guadalcanal, will last for three days.
- 1944 - World War II: The Royal Air Force launches one of the most successful precision bombing attacks of war and sinks the German battleship Tirpitz off the coast of Norway.
- 1946 - A branch of the Exchange National Bank in Chicago, Illinois opens the first ten drive-up teller windows.
- 1948 - In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials to death, including General Hideki Tojo, for their roles in World War II.
- 1969 - Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre - Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story.
- 1971 - Vietnam War: As part of Vietnamization, US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
- 1979 - Iran hostage crisis: In response to the hostage situation in Tehran, US President Jimmy Carter orders a halt to all oil imports into the United States from Iran.
- 1980 - Voyager program: The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest aproach to Saturn when it flies within 77,000 miles of the planet's cloud-tops and sends the first high resolution images of the world back to scientists on Earth.
- 1982 - In the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov is selected to become the general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee, succeeding the late Leonid I. Brezhnev.
- 1990 - Crown Prince Akihito becomes the 125th Japanese monarch and takes the title Emperor Akihito of Japan.
- 1990 - Tim Berners-Lee publishes a more formal proposal for the World Wide Web.
- 1996 - A Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 and a Kazakh Ilyushin Il-76 cargo plane collide in mid-air near New Delhi, India killing 349.
- 1997 - Ramzi Yousef is found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.
- 1998 - Daimler-Benz completes a merger with Chrysler to form Daimler-Chrysler.
- 2001 - In New York City, an Airbus A300 carrying American Airlines Flight 587 crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board.
- 2001 - 2001 Attack on Afghanistan: Taliban forces abandon Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, ahead of advancing Northern Alliance troops.
- 2003 - Occupation of Iraq: In Nasiriya, Iraq, at least 23 people, among them the first Italian casualties of the 2003 Iraq war are killed in a suicide bomb attack on an Italian police base.
Births
- 1493 - Bartolommeo Bandinelli, Italian sculptor (d. 1560)
- 1815 - Elizabeth Cady Stanton, women's rights activist (d. 1902)
- 1817 - Mírzá Husayn-'Alí (Bahaullah, founder of the Bahá'í Faith
- 1833 - Alexander Borodin, Russian composer (d. 1887)
- 1840 - Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (d. 1917)
- 1866 - Sun Yat-sen, first President of the Republic of China (d. 1925)
- 1889 - DeWitt Wallace, publisher (Reader's Digest) (d. 1981)
- 1903 - Jack Oakie, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1908 - Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; wrote the majority opinion in Roe v. Wade (d. 1999)
- 1910 - Kurt Hoffmann, film director
- 1915 - Roland Barthes, French writer (d. 1980)
- 1917 - Jo Stafford, singer
- 1920 - Richard Quine, actor
- 1922 - Sunset Carson, actor
- 1922 - Kim Hunter, actress (d. 2002)
- 1923 - Vicco von Bülow, known as Loriot, graphic artist, actor and film director
- 1929 - Grace Kelly, Princess Grace of Monaco, actress (d. 1982)
- 1929 - Michael Ende, writer (d. 1995)
- 1930 - Ann Flood, actress
- 1934 - Charles Manson, murderer
- 1943 - Brian Hyland, singer
- 1943 - Wallace Shawn, actor, playwright
- 1944 - Booker T. Jones, musician (Booker T and the MG's)
- 1944 - Al Michaels, sports reporter
- 1945 - Neil Young, singer, songwriter, musician
- 1961 - Nadia Comaneci, gymnast
- 1968 - Sammy Sosa, baseball player
- 1970 - Tonya Harding, figure skating star
- 1978 - Andrew Kinlochan, singer, musician
Deaths
- 1035 - Canute the Great
- 1094 - Duncan II of Scotland
- 1955 - Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer
- 1976 - Walter Piston, composer
- 1984 - Chester Himes, author
- 1990 - Eve Arden, actress
- 1993 - H. R. Haldeman, Watergate scandal figure
- 1994 - Wilma Rudolph, runner
- 2001 - Tony Miles, chess player
- 2003 - Jonathan Brandis, actor
Holidays and observances
November 11 - November 13 - October 12 - December 12 -- listing of all days