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The ten to whom Paradise was promised

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A famous recorded oral tradition among Muslims (Arabic: Hadith) is about comment made by the prophet Muhammad. Although this narration is prominently quoted and referred to, it is not given any formal name, in contrast to other hadith such as the Hadith of the pond of Khumm or the Hadith of Qur'an and Sunnah

Narration

Sunni site

A Sunni site, sahaba.net, quoting from swordofallah.com, presents the following narration, sourcing it to collection of Sunan Abu Dawud, witout specifiyng the hadith number. Clarifications are added in parenthesis.

Abd-al-Rahman ibn Al-Akhnas said that when he was in a mosque, a man abused Ali (RA). So Said ibn Zayd got up and said, "I bear witness to the Apostle of God (pbuh) that I heard him say, 'Ten persons will go to Paradise. (1) Abu Bakr will go to Paradise, (2) Umar will go to Paradise, (3) Uthman will go to Paradise, (4) Ali will go to Paradise, (5) Talha will go to Paradise. (6) Zubayr ibn al-Awwam will go to Paradise, (7) Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas will go to Paradise, (8) Abd-al-Rahman ibn Awf will go to Paradise and (9) Abu-Ubaida ibn al-Jarrah. If I wish, I can mention the tenth.'
The People asked, "Who is he?" so he kept silent. They again asked, "Who is he?"
He replied, 'He is (10) Said ibn Zayd (ie, himself).' He then said, 'The company of one man whose face has been covered with dust by the Apostle of Allah is better than the actions of one of you for a whole life time, even if he is granted the life-span of Noah'." [1]

Shi'a site

A Shi'a, al-islam.org [2], presents the following:

From Sunan Abu Dawud, refering to hadith #4649 and #4650:

"Said ibn Zayd said: I bear witness, I heard the messenger of Allah (s) say: Ten are in Paradise: (1) The prophet is in Paradise, (2) Abu Bakr in Paradise, (3) Talha in Paradise, (4) Umar in Paradise, (5) 'Uthman in Paradise, (6) Sa'd ibn Malik in Paradise, and (7) Abd-al-Rahman ibn Awf in Paradise. If you wish I could tell you the tenth? He said. They said: Who is he? He said: (8) Saeed bin Zaid."

Unfortunatly, hadith #4649 and #4650 are not included in the partial Sunan Abu Dawud of the MSA hadith database [3], although this is a prominently quoted hadith.

From Sunan al-Tirmithi, #3747, narrated from AbdulRahman bin `Awf said:

The prophet (s) said: (1) Abu Bakr in Paradise, (2) Omar in Paradise, (3) Uthman in Paradise, (4) Ali in Paradise, (5) Talha in Paradise, (6) al- Zubair (bin al-'Awwam) in Paradise, (7) AbdulRahman bin `Awf in Paradise, (8) Saad (bin Abi Waqqass) in Paradise, (9) Saeed (bin Zaid), (10) and abu 'Ubaida bin al- Jarrah in Paradise." [4]


From Sunan al-Tirmithi, #3748, narrated from "Saeed bin Zaid said:

the prophet (s) said in a number of people, ten are in Paradise: (1) Abu Bakr in Paradise, (2) Omar in Paradise, (3) Uthman, (4) Ali, (5) al-Zubair, (6) Talha, (7) AbdulRahman, (8) Abu 'Ubaida, and (9) Saad bin Abi Waqqass. He counted these nine and was quite about the tenth. They said: By Allah, abu-alAawar (i.e. Saeed), who is the tenth? He said: You swore by Allah - (10) abu-alAawar is in Paradise." al-Tirmithi commented that abu-alAawar is Saeed bin Zaid bin Amr bin Nawfal. {ref|3}}

Muslim view

Muslims put different weight on this hadith, the majority, the Sunnis, viewing it as very favorable.

This hadeeth was narrated within al-Tirmithi's, abu- Daoud's, and Ibn Maja's collections in two flavors.

Sunni view

Based on this hadith, Sunnis have listed ten people whom they regard where promised paradise while living. The list is written in the order Sunnis belived they where ranked by prophet Muhammad. The first four of them are known by Sunnis as the "Righteously Guided Caliphs".

  1. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (51 B.H - 13 A.H; 573 - 634 C.E)
  2. Umar bin Al-Khattab (40 B.H - 23 A.H; 584 - 644 C.E)
  3. Uthman ibn Affan (47 B.H- 35 A.H; 577-656 C.E)
  4. Ali ibn Abi Talib (23 B.H - 40 A.H; 600 - 661 C.E)
  5. Talha ibn Ubayd-Allah (28 B.H - 36 A.H; 596 - 656 C.E)
  6. Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (28 B.H - 36 A.H; 596 - 656 C.E)
  7. Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf (d. 31 A.H; 654 C.E)
  8. Sad ibn Abi Waqqas (23 B.H - 55 A.H; 600 - 675 C.E)
  9. Abu-Ubaida ibn al-Jarrah (40 B.H-18 A.H; 584-640 C.E)
  10. Said ibn Zayd (d. 51 A.H; 671 C.E)

Sunnis call this ten people as the The Ten Promised Paradise (Arabic: Al-Asharatu Mubashshirun or Al-Mobashareen Bel-Jannah).

Shi'a view

Shia Muslims do not believe in the concept and have concluded that the idea is built on hadeeth fabricated during the Umayyad reign.

Shi'a mention that the hadith was not even included by Bukhari or Muslim, implying that not even the top Sunni scholars could consider it completly authentic. [5]

References

  • ^ 2) Narrators of al-Tirmithi are as follows:
#3747: Qutaiba, Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad, Abdul Rahman bin Hameed, his father (Hameed), Abdul Rahman bin 'Awf. Al-Tirmithi said: We were told one by: Abdul Aziz bin Mohammad, Abdul Rahman bin Hameed, his father, from the prophet (s) where "Abdul Rahman bin 'Awf" was not listed. And another like it has been narrated by (adding) Saeed bin Zaid t othe chain.
  • ^ 3) Narrators of al-Tirmithi are as follows:
#3748: Salih bin Mismar al-Marrouzi, Ibn Abi Fudaik, Musa bin Yaaqoub, Omar bin Saeed, Abdul Rahman bin Hameed, from his father, from Saeed bin Zaid.

See also

Sunni:

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