Old World monkey
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Cercopithecinae - 11 genera
Colobinae - 9 genera
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The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a group of primates, falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade Catarrhini. From the point of view of superficial appearance, they are unlike apes in that most have tails (the family name means "tailed ape"), and unlike the New World monkeys in that their tails are never prehensile. Technically, the distinction of catarrhines from platyrrhines depends on the structure of the nose, and the distinction of Old World monkeys from apes depends on dentition.
Several Old World monkeys have anatomical oddities. The colobus has a stub for a thumb; the proboscis monkey has an extraordinary nose; the penis of the male mandrill is colored red and the scrotum has a lilac color, while the face also has bright coloration like the genitalia and this develops in only the dominant male of a multi-male group.
The Old World monkeys are native to Africa and Asia today, but are also known from Europe in the fossil record. They include many of the most familiar species of non-human primates.
Classification
Two subfamilies are recognised, the Cercopithecinae, which are mainly African but include the diverse genus of macaques which are Asian and North African, and the Colobinae, which includes most of the Asian genera but also the African colobus monkeys.
- Superfamily Cercopithecoidea
- Family Cercopithecidae: Old World monkeys
- Subfamily Cercopithecinae
- Tribe Cercopithecini
- Genus Allenopithecus
- Allen's Swamp Monkey, Allenopithecus nigroviridis
- Genus Miopithecus
- Angolan Talapoin, Miopithecus talapoin
- Gabon Talapoin, Miopithecus ogouensis
- Genus Erythrocebus
- Patas Monkey, Erythrocebus patas
- Genus Chlorocebus
- Green Monkey, Chlorocebus sabaceus
- Grivet, Chlorocebus aethiops
- Bale Mountain Vervet, Chlorocebus djamdjamensis
- Tantalus Monkey, Chlorocebus tantalus
- Chlorocebus tantalus tantalus
- Chlorocebus tantalus budgetti
- Chlorocebus tantalus marrensis
- Vervet Monkey, Chlorocebus pygerythrus
- Malbrouck, Chlorocebus cynosuros
- Genus Cercopithecus
- Dryas Monkey or Salongo Monkey, Cercopithecus dryas
- Diana Monkey, Cercopithecus diana
- Roloway Monkey, Cercopithecus roloway
- Greater Spot-nosed Monkey, Cercopithecus nictitans
- Cercopithecus nictitans nictitans
- Cercopithecus nictitans martini
- Blue Monkey, Cercopithecus mitis
- Silver Monkey, Cercopithecus doggetti
- Golden Monkey, Cercopithecus kandti
- Sykes's Monkey, Cercopithecus albogularis
- Cercopithecus albogularis albogularis
- Cercopithecus albogularis zammaranoi
- Cercopithecus albogularis kolbi
- Cercopithecus albogularis kibonotensis
- Cercopithecus albogularis phylax
- Cercopithecus albogularis monoides
- Cercopithecus albogularis moloneyi
- Cercopithecus albogularis francescae
- Cercopithecus albogularis erythrarchus
- Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi
- Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus
- Mona Monkey, Cercopithecus mona
- Campbell's Mona, Cercopithecus campbelli
- Lowe's Mona, Cercopithecus lowei
- Crested Mona, Cercopithecus pogonias
- Cercopithecus pogonias pogonias
- Cercopithecus pogonias nigripes
- Cercopithecus pogonias grayi
- Cercopithecus pogonias schwarzianus
- Wolf's Mona, Cercopithecus wolfi
- Cercopithecus wolfi wolfi
- Cercopithecus wolfi pyrogaster
- Cercopithecus wolfi elegans
- Dent's Mona, Cercopithecus denti
- Lesser Spot-nosed Monkey, Cercopithecus petaurista
- Cercopithecus petaurista petaurista
- Cercopithecus petaurista buettikoferi
- White-throated Guenon, Cercopithecus erythrogaster
- Sclater's Guenon, Cercopithecus sclateri
- Red-eared Guenon, Cercopithecus erythrotis
- Cercopithecus erythrotis erythrotis
- Cercopithecus erythrotis camerunensis
- Cercopithecus ?signatus
- Moustached Guenon, Cercopithecus cephus
- Cercopithecus cephus cephus
- Cercopithecus cephus cephodes
- Cercopithecus cephus ngottoensis
- Red-tailed Monkey, Cercopithecus ascanius
- Cercopithecus ascanius ascanius
- Cercopithecus ascanius atrinasus
- Cercopithecus ascanius whitesidei
- Cercopithecus ascanius katangae
- Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti
- L'Hoest's Monkey, Cercopithecus lhoesti
- Preuss's Monkey, Cercopithecus preussi
- Cercopithecus preussi preussi
- Cercopithecus preussi insularis
- Hamlyn's Monkey or Owl-faced Monkey, Cercopithecus hamlyni
- Cercopithecus hamlyni hamlyni
- Cercopithecus hamlyni kahuziensis
- De Brazza's Monkey, Cercopithecus neglectus
- Genus Allenopithecus
- Tribe Papionini
- Genus Macaca
- Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus
- Lion-tailed Macaque, Macaca silenus
- Sunda Pig-tailed Macaque or Beruk, Macaca nemestrina
- Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, Macaca leonina
- Mentawai Macaque or Bokkoi, Macaca pagensis
- Macaca pagensis pagensis
- Macaca pagensis siberu
- Moor Macaque, Macaca maura
- Booted Macaque, Macaca ochreata
- Macaca ochreata ochreata
- Macaca ochreata brunnescens
- Tonkean Macaque, Macaca tonkeana
- Heck's Macaque, Macaca hecki
- Gorontalo Macaque, Macaca nigriscens
- Celebes Crested Macaque or Black "Ape", Macaca nigra
- Crab-eating Macaque or Long-tailed Macaque or Kera, Macaca fascicularis
- Stump-tailed Macaque or Bear Macaque, Macaca arctoides
- Rhesus Macaque, Macaca mulatta
- Japanese Macaque, Macaca fuscata
- Toque Macaque, Macaca sinica
- Macaca sinica sinica
- Macaca sinica aurifrons
- Bonnet Macaque, Macaca radiata
- Macaca radiata radiata
- Macaca radiata diluta
- Assam Macaque, Macaca assamensis
- Macaca assamensis assamensis
- Macaca assamensis pelops
- Tibetan Macaque, Macaca thibetana
- Genus Lophocebus
- Gray-cheeked Mangabey, Lophocebus albigena
- Lophocebus albigena albigena
- Lophocebus albigena osmani
- Lophocebus albigena johnstoni
- Black Crested Mangabey, Lophocebus aterrimus
- Opdenbosch's Mangabey, Lophocebus opdenboschi
- Gray-cheeked Mangabey, Lophocebus albigena
- Genus Papio
- Hamadryas Baboon, Papio hamadryas
- Guinea Baboon, Papio papio
- Olive Baboon, Papio anubis
- Yellow Baboon, Papio cynocephalus
- Papio cynocephalus cynocephalus
- Papio cynocephalus ibeanus
- Papio cynocephalus kindae
- Chacma Baboon, Papio ursinus
- Papio ursinus ursinus
- Papio ursinus griseipes
- Papio ursinus raucana
- Genus Theropithecus
- Gelada, Theropithecus gelada
- Genus Cercocebus
- Sooty Mangabey, Cercocebus atys
- Cercocebus atys atys
- Cercocebus atys lunulatus
- Collared Mangabey, Cercocebus torquatus
- Agile Mangabey, Cercocebus agilis
- Golden-bellied Mangabey, Cercocebus chrysogaster
- Tana River Mangabey, Cercocebus galeritus
- Sanje Mangabey, Cercocebus sanjei
- Sooty Mangabey, Cercocebus atys
- Genus Mandrillus
- Genus Macaca
- Tribe Cercopithecini
- Subfamily Colobinae
- Genus Colobus
- Black Colobus, Colobus satanas
- Angola Colobus, Colobus angolensis
- Colobus angolensis angolensis
- Colobus angolensis cottoni
- Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii
- Colobus angolensis cordieri
- Colobus angolensis prigoginei
- Colobus angolensis palliatus
- King Colobus, Colobus polykomos
- Ursine Colobus, Colobus vellerosus
- Mantled Guereza, Colobus guereza
- Colobus guereza guereza
- Colobus guereza gallarum
- Colobus guereza occidentalis
- Colobus guereza dodingae
- Colobus guereza percivali
- Colobus guereza matschiei
- Colobus guereza kikuyuensis
- Colobus guereza caudatus
- Genus Piliocolobus
- Western Red Colobus, Piliocolobus badius
- Piliocolobus badius badius
- Piliocolobus badius temminckii
- Piliocolobus badius waldronae
- Pennant's Colobus, Piliocolobus pennantii
- Piliocolobus pennantii pennantii
- Piliocolobus pennantii epieni
- Piliocolobus pennantii bouvieri
- Preuss's Red Colobus, Piliocolobus preussi
- Thollon's Red Colobus, Piliocolobus tholloni
- Central African Red Colobus, Piliocolobus foai
- Piliocolobus foai foai
- Piliocolobus foai ellioti
- Piliocolobus foai oustaleti
- Piliocolobus foai semlikiensis
- Piliocolobus foai parmentierorum
- Ugandan Red Colobus, Piliocolobus tephrosceles
- Uzyngwa Red Colobus, Piliocolobus gordonorum
- Zanzibar Red Colobus, Piliocolobus kirkii
- Tana River Red Colobus, Piliocolobus rufomitratus
- Olive Colobus, Piliocolobus verus
- Western Red Colobus, Piliocolobus badius
- Genus Semnopithecus
- Nepal Gray Langur, Semnopithecus schistaceus
- Kashmir Gray Langur, Semnopithecus ajax
- Tarai Gray Langur, Semnopithecus hector
- Northern Plains Gray Langur, Semnopithecus entellus
- Black-footed Gray Langur, Semnopithecus hypoleucos
- Southern Plains Gray Langur, Semnopithecus dussumieri
- Tufted Gray Langur, Semnopithecus priam
- Genus Trachypithecus
- Purple-faced Langur, Trachypithecus vetulus
- Nilgiri Langur, Trachypithecus johnii
- Javan Lutung, Trachypithecus auratus
- Trachypithecus auratus auratus
- Trachypithecus auratus mauritius
- Silvery Leaf Monkey or Silvery Lutung, Trachypithecus cristatus
- Trachypithecus cristatus cristatus
- Trachypithecus cristatus vigilans
- Indochinese Lutung, Trachypithecus germaini
- Trachypithecus germaini germaini
- Trachypithecus germaini caudalis
- Tenasserim Lutung, Trachypithecus barbei
- Dusky Leaf Monkey or Spectacled Leaf Monkey, Trachypithecus obscurus
- Trachypithecus obscurus obscurus
- Trachypithecus obscurus flavicauda
- Trachypithecus obscurus halonifer
- Trachypithecus obscurus carbo
- Trachypithecus obscurus styx
- Trachypithecus obscurus seimundi
- Trachypithecus obscurus sactorum
- Phayre's Leaf Monkey, Trachypithecus phayrei
- Trachypithecus phayrei phayrei
- Trachypithecus phayrei crepusculus
- Trachypithecus phayrei shanicus
- Capped Langur, Trachypithecus pileatus
- Trachypithecus pileatus pileatus
- Trachypithecus pileatus durga
- Trachypithecus pileatus brahma
- Trachypithecus pileatus tenebricus
- Shortridge's Langur, Trachypithecus shortridgei
- Gee's Golden Langur, Trachypithecus geei
- Francois' Langur, Trachypithecus francoisi
- Hatinh Langur, Trachypithecus hatinhensis
- White-headed Langur, Trachypithecus poliocephalus
- Trachypithecus poliocephalus poliocephalus
- Trachypithecus poliocephalus leucocephalus
- Laotian Langur, Trachypithecus laotum
- Delacour's Langur, Trachypithecus delacouri
- Indochinese Black Langur, Trachypithecus ebenus
- Genus Presbytis
- Sumatran Surili, Presbytis melalophos
- Presbytis melalophos melalophos
- Presbytis melalophos bicolor
- Presbytis melalophos sumatrana
- Presbytis melalophos mitrata
- Banded Surili, Presbytis femoralis
- Presbytis femoralis femoralis
- Presbytis femoralis robinsoni
- Presbytis femoralis percura
- Sarawak Surili, Presbytis chrysomelas
- Presbytis chrysomelas chrysomelas
- Presbytis chrysomelas criciger
- White-thighed Surili, Presbytis siamensis
- Presbytis siamensis siamensis
- Presbytis siamensis rhionis
- Presbytis siamensis cana
- Presbytis siamensis paenulata'
- White-fronted Surili, Presbytis frontata
- Javan Surili, Presbytis comata
- Presbytis comata comata
- Presbytis comata fredericae
- Thomas's Langur, Presbytis thomasi
- Hose's Langur, Presbytis hosei
- Presbytis hosei hosei
- Presbytis hosei everetti
- Presbytis hosei sabana
- Presbytis hosei canicrus
- Maroon Leaf Monkey, Presbytis rubicunda
- Presbytis rubicunda rubicunda
- Presbytis rubicunda rubida
- Presbytis rubicunda ignita
- Presbytis rubicunda chrysea
- Presbytis rubicunda cartmatae
- Mentawai Langur or Joja, Presbytis potenziani
- Presbytis potenziani potenziani
- Presbytis potenziani siberu
- Sumatran Surili, Presbytis melalophos
- Genus Pygathrix
- Red-shanked Douc, Pygathrix nemaeus
- Black-shanked Douc, Pygathrix nigripes
- Gray-shanked Douc, Pygathrix cinerea
- Genus Rhinopithecus
- Golden Snub-nosed Monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana
- Rhinopithecus roxellana roxellana
- Rhinopithecus roxellana qinlingensis
- Rhinopithecus roxellana hubeiensis
- Black Snub-nosed Monkey, Rhinopithecus bieti
- Gray Snub-nosed Monkey, Rhinopithecus brelichi
- Tonkin Snub-nosed Langur, Rhinopithecus avunculus
- Golden Snub-nosed Monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana
- Genus Nasalis
- Proboscis Monkey, Nasalis larvatus
- Genus Simias
- Pig-tailed Langur, Simias concolor
- Simias concolor concolor
- Simias concolor siberu
- Pig-tailed Langur, Simias concolor
- Genus Colobus
- Subfamily Cercopithecinae
- Family Cercopithecidae: Old World monkeys