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Androcracy or andrarchy is the political rule by men. This is in addition to the familial, social dominance by men in a patriarchy.
Example
Most governments are ruled by men, however since the rise of feminism women have begun to challenge the traditional hegemony of androcratic institutions. Studies have been conducted in Africa, Australia, and Europe.
Political science
Androcracy as a gender bias may influence the decision-making process in many countries, and womens issues may or may not be poorly represented as a result of gender discrimination. In this context, political scientist, Joel D. Aberbach, refers to the "Iron law of Andrarchy"
Rule by women
The opposite of andrarchy is gynarchy, or rule by women. Putative evidence of gynarchy survives only in myths and in some alleged archaeological records.
Books
- Matland, Richard E. Montgomery, Kathleen A. (2003). Women's Access to Political Power in Post-Communist Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199246858
- Pusey, Michael. (1989). Economic Rationalism in Canberra: A Nation-Building State Changes its Mind. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521336619
Publications
- Studler, Donley T. Welch, Susan. (1987). Understanding the Iron Law of Andrarchy: The Effects of Candidate Gender on Voting Scotland. Comparative Political Studies. 20. July. 174-191.
External link
- Africa - Report details andrarchy in seven African countries
- Macedonia - Andrarchy in Macedonian political system
- Joel Aberbach - UCLA