1932 United States presidential election
The U.S. presidential election of 1932 took place as the effects of the 1929 Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression were being felt intensely across the country. Across the world, governments felt the pressure for radical - even Socialist or Fascist - solutions to the economic crisis. President Hoover's popularity was falling as voters felt he was unwilling or unable to do what was needed.
Nominations
Democratic Party nomination
At the Democratic Party Convention in Chicago, Illinois Franklin D. Roosevelt succeeded in getting the party's nomination on the fourth ballot, triumphing over John Nance Garner, the Speaker of the House of Representatives and 1928 Democratic candidate Al Smith, as a result of a back room deal to make Garner his Vice President.
Republican Party nomination
Although Republicans were dispirited and attendance at the convention was poor, Hoover was the sitting president and faced only token opposition.
General election
Campaign
1932 is universally considered to be a realigning election.
Roosevelt's campaign saw the New York governor committing himself to battling the Great Depression, promoting a platform with "Three R's - relief, recovery and reform." He coined the term "New Deal" when he stated: "I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people."
President Hoover was widely perceived as being at least in part to blame for the Great Depression; for over 2 years Hoover had been issuing statements that the worst was over, only to have the economy make further downturns.
The election was held on November 8, [[1932], except in the state of Maine which still held its elections in September.
The Democratic Party Platform included repeal of National Prohibition (devolving the decision of allowing or prohibiting alcohol to the individual states to decide for themselves). How discredited prohibition had become can be seen from the fact that despite this threat, Prohibition Party candidate William D. Upshaw gathered but 81,872 votes. From now on the Prohibitionist movement would exist only as a small fringe with little influence on the mainstream of American politics.
Results
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Franklin Roosevelt | Democratic | New York | 22,821,277 | 57.4% | 472 | John Nance Garner | Texas | 472 |
| Herbert Clark Hoover | Republican | California | 15,761,254 | 39.7% | 59 | Charles Curtis | Kansas | 59 |
| Norman Thomas | Socialist | New York | 884,885 | 2.2% | 0 | James H. Maurer | Pennsylvania | 0 |
| William Zebulon Foster | Communist | Illinois | 103,307 | 0.3% | 0 | James W. Ford | Alabama | 0 |
| William D. Upshaw | Prohibition | Georgia | 81,905 | 0.2% | 0 | Frank S. Regan | Illinois | 0 |
| William Harvey | Liberty | Arkansas | 53,425 | 0.1% | 0 | Frank Hemenway | Washington | 0 |
| Verne L. Reynolds | Socialist Labor | New York | 33,276 | 0.1% | 0 | J.W. Aiken | Massachusetts | 0 |
| Other | 12,569 | 0.1% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 39,751,898 | 100% | 531 | 531 | ||||
| Needed to win | 266 | 266 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "1932 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved July 31, 2005. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved July 31, 2005. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)