Names of China

Sin

A name possibly of origin separate from "Chin"

• Arabic: Sin
• Latin/Greek: Sinæ

Ser

An earlier usage than Sin

• Greek: Seres, Serikos

Chin

From Sanskrit Cin, possibly from Qin

• Dutch: China
• English: China
• Esperanto: Ĉinujo or Ĉinio
• French: Chine
• German: China
• Hebrew: Sin
• Hindi: Cheen
• Indonesian: Cina
• Italian: Cina
• Japanese: Shina (支那)
• Norwegian: Kina
• Portuguese: China
• Spanish: China
• Swedish: Kina
• Turkish: Çin

Cathay

From Khitan

• English: Cathay
• Kazan Tatar: Kytai
• Medieval Latin: Cataya, Kitai
• Mongolian: Hyatad (Хятад)
• Russian: Kitai (Китай)
• Uygur: Hyty

Zhongguo

Middle Kingdom in Mandarin

• Chinese: Zhongguo (中國)
• Japanese: Chugoku (中国)
• Korean: Jungguk (중국; 中國)
• Vietnamese: Trung-quốc

Tabgach

"Tabgach" or "Tuoba", a dominant tribe of the Xianpi

• Byzantine Greek: Taugats
• Orhon Kok-Turk: Tabgach (variations Tamgach)

Others

• Bahasa Indonesia: Tiong-Hoa, Tiongkok (from the Min-nan name for China)
• Cantonese: Tong4 (唐 in pinyin: Tang2) (from the Tang dynasty)

  e.g., Tongyankai (Chinatown; Tangrenjie in Mandarin pinyin) and Tongsau (a form of martial arts similar to karate; Tangshou in Mandarin pinyin)

• Chinese: Han
• Manchu: nikan
• Overseas Chinese: Hua (華 or 华)
• Tibetan: rgya nag
• Vietnamese: Trung-Hoa