Tonio Selwart

Tonio Selwart (June 9, 1896 - November 2, 2002) was a Bavarian actor and stage performer.

Born in Wartenberg, Bavaria, Germany, as Antonio Franz Theus Selmair-Selwart, the son of a well-known surgeon, he grew up in Munich and decided to become an actor after studying medicine, showing a strong interest in the theater even as a child. He thereafter studied drama and appeared in Europe in many plays, in classics such as Shakespeare and Heinrich von Kleist's romantic dream play, The Prince of Homburg in the title role, as well as in modern popular works. He tried play direction as well, before trying his luck in the United States of America, in 1930, in New York City where he was fortunate to land the lead part in Lawrence Langner and Armina Marshall's play, The Pursuit of Happiness for the Theatre Guild. This comedy, written by them under the names of Alan Child and Isabelle Louden, proved to be his first big success in America, playing from 1933 to 1934, and making him, as he often put it, "a matinee idol for a whole year!" Selwart decided to emigrate permanently and became an American citizen in the late 1930s. He made a total of more than 21 film appearances, including: The Barefoot Contessa (1954), Anzio (1968) and his last film appearance, The Other Side of the Wind (1972-1975) for Orson Welles, still unreleased, a film Welles left reportedly largely unedited when he died in 1985 and from which Selwart as well as other cast and crew members had to be dismissed, through lack of funds. Even after the film was considered finished, the Iranian producers refused to release it. According to Welles in a letter to Selwart, it contains an excellent performance by this actor, as the Baron. Selwart was much concerned that this "swan song" of his had never been released and even at the age of 95 in 1992, regretted that he would probably never see it. This was not only because of his age but because of his gradual loss of sight.

Selwart's stage appearances, where some say he did his best work, on Broadway as well as around the country and in Canada included, besides "The Pursuit of Happiness," (touring with it across the U.S. as well as in England), included "Candle in the Wind" by Maxwell Anderson, with Helen Hayes, where he played his first German Nazi officer role, a type of character he came to specialize in; "The Laughing Woman," with Helen Menken, "Autumn Crocus,", "Seeds in the Wind," "Liliom," by Ferenc Molnar, in the title role, and "The Hidden River," in 1957, among many others. His last American stage appearances were in "Brecht on Brecht," on tour, in 1964, with Lotte Lenya and as the Narrator in a performance of "Die Dreigroschenoper," -- "The Threepenny Opera" by Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill -- at New York's Carnegie Hall,in 1965. In addition, he also studied drama in New York, at the Actor's Studio and in California, with Michael Chekov, whom he called'My best teacher in America.' He was a member of Eva Le Gallienne's Civic Repertory Company, appearing in "Peter Pan," "Alice in Wonderland," and directed Frank Wedekind's tragedy about adolescence, "Spring's Awakening," in which he also appeared, for them as well, directing the fledgling actress who later became an important writer and poet, the Belgian-American May Sarton, in one of her earliest stage roles. Primarily a stage actor who acted in film, Selwart performed most notably in Fritz Lang's "Hangmen Also Die!" in 1943, with a script by Bertolt Brecht and John Wexley, as a Nazi Gestapo chief, and in Joseph L. Mankiewicz's colorful 1954 feature, with Ava Gardner and Humphrey Bogart, "The Barefoot Contessa," as the Pretender King. He also made a brief speaking part appearance in Luchino Visconti's Italian "Senso," also in 1954, at the beginning of the film in the opera house scene, as an Austrian officer. Other familiar titles are: "Anzio" by Edward Dmytryk, in 1968, his last Hollywood film appearance; "North Star," directed by Lewis Milestone with a script by playwright Lillian Hellman, with Erich von Stroheim; "Edge of Darkness," also by Milestone, his first film role, in 1943 where he played his first film German soldier role, opposite Judith Anderson; "Wilson" where he played the German Ambassador to Washington, D.C. during WWI, Count von Bernstorff; "The Cross of Lorraine," with Gene Kelly; "The Hitler Gang," playing the Nazi official Alfred Rosenberg and "Romanoff and Juliet," starring and from the play by Peter Ustinov, and an Italian-American adaptation of Homer's Iliad, "Helen of Troy," Directed by Robert Wise, with Rossanna Podesta, Jacques Sernas, and,in two featured roles, Tonio Selwart playing opposite a then almost unknown Brigitte Bardot, in 1956.

Always appearing as a support performer in English-language films, Selwart was to be seen as a lead in Italian and French films, notably in "Lupo della Frontiere" ("Wolf of the Frontier") during the 1950s, although he never appeared in a German film. He spoke fluent Italian, English and French which helped him with roles in several countries. Starting from the late 1940's till the 1950s and 1960s, he also appeared on American television, making guest appearances in drama programs, most notably in "The Fifth Column" for Buick Electra Playhouse/CBS in 1960, playing an almost-deaf Nazi officer in a group of Fifth Columnists operating behind the lines in Madrid during the Spanish Civil War in the 1930's, from a story by Hemingway, directed by John Frankenheimer.

Fittingly enough, Selwart was himself an officer and fought in World War I on the Austro-Hungarian side, as a Lieutenant in the Cavalry.

e derived his nickname "Tonio" from his first name and from his family background (his parents were Austrian, a grandmother Italian) and was familiar with the short story "Tonio Kroger," by a friend of his, Thomas Mann, having a taped recording of the story being read by Mann himself, which dealt with a young artist in pre-WWI Germany, half-German, half-Italian.

Mr. Selwart was very popular, and had many friends in the film and theater world. His wife, Claire Volkhart, a painter and sculptor, died in Germany in 1935 and his longtime companion, Ilse Jennings, a Paris-born Spanish artist, died in 1967.

He died at the venerable age of 106 in New York City.

Most of the information given here comes from Gretchen Berg, a journalist who interviewed Mr. Selwart in his home in 1992, in New York. She kept in touch with him until 1999, three years before his death. She had actually met him almost thirty years earlier, in 1963, when she was 20 and he was 67 at the Hotel St. Moritz with her father, film critic and historian Herman G. Weinberg and their mutual friend, Fritz Lang. Out of this encounter she fashioned a two-part article, "La Nuit Viennoise," published in Cahiers du Cinema, Paris,1965-1966, in which she wrote about that evening, mentioning Selwart as having been a part of the festivities. She photographed Mr. Selwart in 1998 and 1999 as well, in his apartment in New York. Her e-mail address for further information is:luckylifeforgretchen@Yahoo.com.