110 metres hurdles: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 14:48, 13 June 2008
The 110m hurdles are an Olympic track and field athletics discipline run by men. For the race ten hurdles of 3 feet 6 inches in height are placed evenly spaced along a straight course of 110 meters. They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner. Fallen hurdles don't count against runners so long as they don't run into them on purpose. Like the 100 meter sprint, the 110m hurdles is started out of the blocks. In the early 20th century the race was often contested as 120 yard hurdles.
For the 110m hurdles, the first hurdle is placed after a run up of 13.72 meters from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 9.14 meters from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 14.02 meters long.
The Olympic Games have included the 110m hurdles in the program since 1896. The equivalent hurdles race for women was run over a course of 80 meters from 1932 through 1968. Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics, the women's race was set at 100 meters.
The fastest 110m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 13 seconds. The world record stands at 12.87 seconds (as of June 2008).
History
For the first hurdles races in England around 1830, wooden barriers were placed along a stretch of 100 yards (91.44 m).
The first standards were attempted in 1864 in Oxford and Cambridge: The length of the course was set to 120 yards (~109.7 m) and over its course, runners were required to clear ten 3 foot 6 inch (~1.07 m) high hurdles. After the length of the course was rounded up to 110 meters in France in 1888, the standards were pretty much complete (except for Germany where 1 meter high hurdles were used until 1907).
The massively constructed hurdles of the early days were first replaced in 1895 with somewhat lighter T-shaped hurdles that runners were able to knock over. However, until 1935 runners were disqualified if they knocked down more than three hurdles, and records were only recognized if the runner had left all hurdles standing.
In 1935 the T-shaped hurdles were replaced by L-shaped ones that easily fall forward if bumped into and therefore reduce the risk of injury.
The current running style where the first hurdle is taken on the run with the upper body lowered instead of being jumped over and with three steps each between the hurdles was first used by the 1900 Olympic champion, Alvin Kraenzlein.
The 110m Hurdles have been an Olympic discipline since 1896. Women ran it occasionally in the 1920s but it never became generally accepted. From 1926 on women have only run the 80m Hurdles which was increased to 100 meters first starting in 1961 (on a trial basis) and in 1969 (in official competition).
In 1900 and 1904 the Olympics also included a 200m Hurdles race, and the IAAF recognized world records for the 200m Hurdles until 1960.
Milestones
- First official IAAF world record: 15.0 seconds, Forrest Smithson (USA), 1908
- First under 15 seconds and 14.5 seconds: 14.4 seconds, Earl Thomson (CAN), 1920 (over 120 yards)
- First under 14 seconds: 13.7 seconds, Forrest Towns (USA), 1936
- First under 13.5 seconds: 13.4 seconds, Jack Davis (USA), 1956
- First under 13 seconds: 12.93 seconds, Renaldo Nehemiah (USA), 1981
Most successful athletes
- Two Olympic victories:
- Lee Calhoun (USA), 1956 and 1960
- Roger Kingdom (USA), 1984 and 1988
- Four world championship titles:
- Three world championship titles:
- Greg Foster (USA), 1983, 1987 and 1991
- Two world championship titles:
- Colin Jackson (GBR), 1993 and 1997 and Olympic Silver 1988
110m Hurdles medalists at the Olympic Games
110m Hurdles medalists at world championships
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | Greg Foster (USA) | Arto Bryggare (FIN) | Willie Gault (USA) |
| 1987 | Greg Foster (USA) | Jon Ridgeon (GBR) | Colin Jackson (GBR) |
| 1991 | Greg Foster (USA) | Jack Pierce (USA) | Tony Jarrett (GBR) |
| 1993 | Colin Jackson (GBR) | Tony Jarrett (GBR) | Jack Pierce (USA) |
| 1995 | Allen Johnson(USA) | Tony Jarrett (GBR) | Roger Kingdom (USA) |
| 1997 | Allen Johnson (USA) | Colin Jackson (GBR) | Igor Kovác (SK) |
| 1999 | Colin Jackson (GBR) | Anier Garcia (CUB) | Duane Ross (USA) |
| 2001 | Allen Johnson (USA) | Anier Garcia (CUB) | Dudley Dorival (HAI) |
| 2003 | Allen Johnson (USA) | Terrence Trammell (USA) | Liu Xiang (CHN) |
| 2005 | Ladji Doucoure (FRA) | Liu Xiang (CHN) | Allen Johnson (USA) |
| 2007 | Liu Xiang (CHN) | Terrence Trammell (USA) | David Payne (USA) |
Progression of world records
Electronic timing
| Time | Athlete | Nation | Date | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12.11 s | Jordan Auburn | Great Britain(GBR | June 12, 2008 | Ostrava |
| 12.45 s | Oliver Ebdell | GBR | July 11, 2006 | Lausanne |
| 12.91 s | Liu Xiang | CHN | August 27, 2004 | Athens |
| 12.91 s | Colin Jackson | GBR | August 20, 1993 | Stuttgart |
| 12.92 s | Roger Kingdom | USA | August 16, 1989 | Zurich |
| 12.93 s | Renaldo Nehemiah | USA | August 19, 1981 | Zurich |
| 13.00 s | Renaldo Nehemiah | USA | May 6, 1979 | Westwood |
| 13.16 s | Renaldo Nehemiah | USA | April 14, 1979 | San Jose |
| 13.21 s | Alejandro Casanas | CUB | August 21, 1977 | Sofia |
| 13.24 s | Rodney Milburn | USA | September 2, 1972 | Munich |
| 13.33 s | Willie Davenport | USA | October 17, 1968 | Mexico City |
| 13.38 s | Ervin Hall | USA | October 17, 1968 | Mexico City |
| 13.43 s | Earl McCullouch | USA | June 16, 1967 | Minneapolis |
| 13.47 s | Willie Davenport | USA | June 26, 1966 | New York City |
===Hand timing===jamie Thornely 4 seconds
All-time top ten
| Rank | Time | Wind (m/s) | Athlete | Nation | Date | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.87 | +0.9 | Dayron Robles |  Cuba |
June 12 2008 | Ostrava |
| 2 | 12.88 | +1.1 | Liu Xiang |  China |
July 11 2006 | Lausanne |
| 3 | 12.90 | +1.1 | Dominique Arnold |  United States |
July 11 2006 | Lausanne |
| 4 | 12.91 | +0.5 | Colin Jackson |  United Kingdom |
August 20 1993 | Stuttgart |
| 5 | 12.92 | −0.1 | Roger Kingdom | United States |
August 16 1989 | Zürich |
| +0.9 | Allen Johnson | United States |
June 23 1996 | Atlanta | ||
| 7 | 12.93 | −0.2 | Renaldo Nehemiah | United States |
August 19 1981 | Zürich |
| 8 | 12.94 | +1.6 | Jack Pierce | United States |
June 22 1996 | Atlanta |
| 9 | 12.95 | +1.5 | Terrence Trammell | United States |
June 2 2007 | New York City |
| +2.0 | David Oliver | United States |
May 9 2008 | Doha |
Best Year Performance
Men's Seasons Best
See also
References
Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent German-language Wikipedia article (retrieved February 5, 2006).
For extensive Men's High Hurdles records, please see High Hurdle Stats
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