4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde

4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name (4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde
	Other names p-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
Identifiers
CAS Number	7339-87-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:15621;
ChemSpider	389113;
ECHA InfoCard	100.216.847
EC Number	689-849-1;
KEGG	C03765;
PubChem CID	440113;
UNII	HDJ7B4KB3X ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00223631;
	InChI InChI=1S/C8H8O2/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,6,10H,5H2 Key: IPRPPFIAVHPVJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES C1=CC(=CC=C1CC=O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C8H8O2
Molar mass	136.150 g·mol−1
Appearance	White solid
Melting point	118 °C (244 °F; 391 K)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, also known as p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, is a natural product with the formula HOC₆H₄CH₂CHO. It is a derivative of phenylacetaldehyde and occurs as a white solid at room temperature.^[1]

Synthesis

4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde can be synthesized from (L-tyrosine) via a parsley tyrosine decarboxylase.^[2]

Occurrence

4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde is produced from the metabolism of tyramine by monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes in humans and the tyramine oxidase (tynA) enzyme in Escherichia coli.^[3]^[4] In both species, it is subsequently metabolized into 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes in humans and the phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (feaB) enzyme in E. coli.^[3]^[4]^[5]

The condensation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and dopamine is a key step in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. These natural products include berberine and morphine.^[6]

References

^ "4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde". PubChem Compound. U.S. National Library of Medicine: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 3 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019. (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde is an alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde and a member of phenylacetaldehydes. It has a role as a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
^ Torrens-Spence, Michael P.; Gillaspy, Glenda; Zhao, Bingyu; Harich, Kim; White, Robert H.; Li, Jianyong (11 February 2012). "Biochemical evaluation of a parsley tyrosine decarboxylase results in a novel 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase enzyme". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 418 (2): 211–216. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.124. PMID 22266321.
^ ^a ^b "4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde". Human Metabolome Database – Version 4.0. University of Alberta. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
^ ^a ^b Elovaara H, Huusko T, Maksimow M, Elima K, Yegutkin GG, Skurnik M, Dobrindt U, Siitonen A, McPherson MJ, Salmi M, Jalkanen S (2015). "Primary Amine Oxidase of Escherichia coli Is a Metabolic Enzyme that Can Use a Human Leukocyte Molecule as a Substrate". PLOS ONE. 10 (11): e0142367. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1042367E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142367. PMC 4640556. PMID 26556595.
^ Universal protein resource accession number P80668 at UniProt.
^ Samanani N, Liscombe DK, Facchini PJ (2004). "Molecular cloning and characterization of norcoclaurine synthase, an enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis". Plant Journal. 40 (2): 302–313. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02210.x. PMID 15447655.

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[PubChem_entry-1] "4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde". PubChem Compound. U.S. National Library of Medicine: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 3 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019. (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde is an alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde and a member of phenylacetaldehydes. It has a role as a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite.

[2] Torrens-Spence, Michael P.; Gillaspy, Glenda; Zhao, Bingyu; Harich, Kim; White, Robert H.; Li, Jianyong (11 February 2012). "Biochemical evaluation of a parsley tyrosine decarboxylase results in a novel 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase enzyme". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 418 (2): 211–216. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.124. PMID 22266321.

[HMDB_entry-3] "4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde". Human Metabolome Database – Version 4.0. University of Alberta. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.

[pmid26556595-4] Elovaara H, Huusko T, Maksimow M, Elima K, Yegutkin GG, Skurnik M, Dobrindt U, Siitonen A, McPherson MJ, Salmi M, Jalkanen S (2015). "Primary Amine Oxidase of Escherichia coli Is a Metabolic Enzyme that Can Use a Human Leukocyte Molecule as a Substrate". PLOS ONE. 10 (11): e0142367. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1042367E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142367. PMC 4640556. PMID 26556595.

[5] Universal protein resource accession number P80668 at UniProt.

[6] Samanani N, Liscombe DK, Facchini PJ (2004). "Molecular cloning and characterization of norcoclaurine synthase, an enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis". Plant Journal. 40 (2): 302–313. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02210.x. PMID 15447655.

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