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Nissan Leaf

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Nissan Leaf
A second generation Nissan Leaf (2017–present)
Overview
ManufacturerNissan
ProductionOctober 2010 – present
Model years2011–present (Europe & North America)
Body and chassis
ClassCompact/Small family car (C)[1]
Body style5-door hatchback
LayoutFront-motor, front-wheel-drive
Chronology
Predecessor

The Nissan Leaf (Japanese: 日産・リーフ, Hepburn: Nissan Rīfu), stylized as "LEAF," is a battery-electric powered compact car manufactured by Nissan, produced since 2010 across two generations. It has been offered exclusively as a 5-door hatchback. The term "LEAF" serves as a backronym to leading environmentally-friendly affordable family car.[2]

The Leaf was unveiled on 1 August 2009[3] as the world's first mass market electric and zero-emission vehicle.[4] Among other awards and recognition, it received the 2010 Green Car Vision Award, the 2011 European Car of the Year, the 2011 World Car of the Year, and the 2011–2012 Car of the Year Japan. A second-generation Leaf was introduced in October 2017. The Leaf's range on a full charge has been steadily increased from 117 km (73 miles) to 364 km (226 miles) (EPA rated) by the use of larger battery packs and several minor improvements.

Global sales across both generations totalled 577,000 by February 2022.[5] As of September 2021, European sales totalled more than 208,000,[6] and as of December 2021, over 165,000 had been sold in the U.S.,[7] and 157,000 in Japan.[8] The Leaf was the world's all-time top selling plug-in electric car until it was surpassed in early 2020 by the Tesla Model 3.[9][10]

First generation (ZE0; 2010)

[edit]
Main article: Nissan Leaf (first generation)
2012 Nissan Leaf (Germany)

The first generation Nissan Leaf was in production from 2010 to 2017. It was unveiled on 1 August 2009[3] as the world's first series produced battery electric vehicle.[4] Before it officially commenced production, Nissan developed three prototype battery electric vehicles—dubbed the EV-01, EV-02 and EV-11. The former two were based on the Z11 Nissan Cube while the latter was based on the C11 Nissan Tiida.[11] It began production on 22 October 2010 at the Oppama facility in Yokosuka, Kanagawa.[12][13][14] Until early 2013, models sold in Europe and the US were imported from the Oppama plant adapted stylistically for the respective markets. On 12 December 2012, battery manufacturing began at the Smyrna plant, with official production of the Leaf initiating on 9 January 2013. Manufacturing in the UK began on 28 March 2013.

2012 Nissan Leaf (Germany)

Initially, the Leaf was available exclusively with a large battery pack composed of 192 flat, laminated lithium-ion cells developed in collaboration with NEC, which offers advantages such as simplified design, efficient cooling, and optimal packaging. The battery pack is located under the floor and between the wheels, optimising the vehicle's handling and interior space. The electric motor produces 80 kW (110 hp) of power with a range of about 100 miles (160 km) when the battery is fully charged. Recharging can take 16 hours on 110V or 8 hours on 220V power. Fast charging is also available with a specific charger, which can restore 80% of the battery capacity in approximately 30 minutes.

The first generation Leaf garnered both acclaim and criticism from multiple automotive critics. Car and Driver, an American automotive magazine, expressed unfavourable opinions about the inexpensive materials used in the vehicle, asserting that they seem more fitting for a car priced at half its actual cost. However, they commended the Leaf for its spacious boot/trunk, along with features like standard heated seats and, in higher-end models, a heated steering wheel and leather seats. Opinions on the battery performance and safety aspects vary, with some finding the battery and range underwhelming and others expressing concerns about safety levels.

Second generation (ZE1; 2017)

[edit]
Second generation
2018 Nissan Leaf N-Connecta (UK)
Overview
Model codeZE1
ProductionOctober 2017 – present
Model years2018–present
Assembly
DesignerKazuhiko Watanabe[15]
Powertrain
Electric motor
Transmission1-speed fixed gear ratio 8.193:1
Battery
  • 40 kWh lithium-ion battery[17]
  • 62 kWh lithium-ion battery
Range
  • 40 kWh:
  • 243 km (151 miles) EPA[17]
  • 274 km (170 miles) WLTP
  • 62 kWh: Leaf Plus or e+
  • 364 km (226 miles) EPA[18]
Plug-in charging6.6 kW (6.0 kW output) 240 V AC on SAE J1772-2009 inlet; 50 or up to 100 kW via CHAdeMO DC fast charge
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,700 mm (106.3 in)
Length4,490 mm (176.8 in)
Width1,788 mm (70.4 in)
Height1,530 mm (60.2 in)
Curb weight1,580–1,640 kg (3,483–3,616 lb)

In October 2017, for the 2018 model year, Nissan launched the new generation Leaf in Japan, and deliveries in North America and Europe began in February 2018.[19] In 2018, global sales reached a record level of 87,149 units, third behind the Tesla Model 3 and the BAIC EC-Series.[20]

Mechanically, the second generation Leaf is similar to the first, while adding more range, and more power. Stylistically, it is a major departure from the previous model.[21] The interior adds Android Auto & Apple CarPlay.

It has a 40 kWh battery pack (39 kWh usable) with an EPA-rated range of 243 km (151 miles).[17] The electric motor produces 110 kW (147 hp) and 320 N⋅m (236 lb⋅ft) of torque.[16] It charges through either a 6.6 kW regular plug (SAE J1772 in US/Japan, or a Type 2 connector in EU countries) or a 50 kW CHAdeMO, and has the ability to send power back to the grid.[22]

Propilot Assist, a lane centering system, is available on the two highest trim levels for an additional cost, and has automatic parking in some markets.[23] The car offers one-pedal braking where easing off the accelerator pedal causes significant regenerative braking, to the point where the vehicle can be brought to a complete stop without the driver touching the brake pedal, at which point hydraulic brakes are automatically applied, to hold the vehicle in position.[24]

From 2019, a Leaf e+ (Leaf Plus in North America) variant has been offered. It has a larger 62 kWh battery (59 kWh usable) providing an EPA range of 364 km (226 miles),[25] and a new 160 kW motor. It can use CHAdeMO chargers up to 100 kW.[26]

In September 2020, Nissan showed off a novel UK prototype emergency services version of the Leaf for natural disaster response, dubbed the RE-LEAF,[27] based on the 62 kWh LEAF e+ (sold in the U.S. as the Plus).[28] The working concept vehicle is ruggedized with an elevated ride height of 70 mm (2.8 in), underbody protection and all-terrain tires on motorsport wheels. It is intended to serve as a reliable mobile power source for a small command center, offering weatherproof external power outlets for site lighting, tools or emergency medical equipment. Other modifications include a cargo area in place of the rear seats, separated from the passenger area by a cage, a rear hatch area that opens to a workstation area with pull-out computer desk and 810 mm (32 in) LCD monitor, and roof-mounted emergency lights.[29] While there was no word of an actual production version, the concept was well received in the automotive, EV and tech media.[30][31][32]

In June 2022, the Leaf received a facelift for the 2023 model year. In the US, the EPA range was slightly reduced to 240 km (149 miles) for the 40 kWh version and 341 km (212 miles) for the 62 kWh version.[33]

  • Rear view (UK)
    Rear view (UK)
  • 2021 Nissan Leaf e+ Nismo (Japan)
    2021 Nissan Leaf e+ Nismo (Japan)
  • 2021 Nissan Leaf e+ Nismo (Japan)
    2021 Nissan Leaf e+ Nismo (Japan)
  • Interior
    Interior
  • 2023 (model year) facelift model
    2023 (model year) facelift model
  • Rear view of the facelift model
    Rear view of the facelift model

Trim lines

[edit]

Europe

[edit]

European Leafs are offered in the following trim lines: Visia, Acenta, N-Connecta, and Tekna.

The N-Connecta adds from Acenta an intelligent around view monitor with moving object detection and front and rear parking sensors, part synthetic leather and cloth trim, heat pack with heated seats and heated steering wheel, 43 centimetre (17 inch) alloy wheels, and privacy glass.

Tekna adds from N-Connecta ProPILOT Advanced Driver Assistance System, Bose speakers, part leather seats with Ultrasuede trim, LED fog lamps with cornering function, and electronic parking brake.

North America

[edit]

The North American Leafs were initially sold in S, SV and SL trim lines. In 2018, for the 2019 model year, the S Plus, SV Plus, and SL Plus trims were added. The S and SV trim levels can be had with either the Leaf or Leaf Plus battery pack. The SL is only available in the Leaf Plus configuration.[34]

The Mexican model arrived on 24 August 2018 as a 2019 model, and was offered in S, SL, and SL Bitono trim lines.[35]

Production and future plans

[edit]

In celebration of World EV Day, 9 September 2020, Nissan marked the production of the 500,000th LEAF.[36]

UK production ceased in March 2024, after 270,000 units produced in Sunderland plant, both generations included.[37]

Nissan has plans to end the production of Leaf in 2026 and replace it with a new EV model.[38]

Awards

[edit]

The Leaf was chosen as one of the Top 10 Tech Cars by the US IEEE in 2018.[39]

In 2022, the Leaf was chosen as the 'Best Family Electric Car' at the UK Carbuyer’s Best Used Car Awards.[40]

Global sales

[edit]

The production version was unveiled in August 2009.[41] After receiving 20,000 pre-orders in the United States,[42] Nissan stopped taking reservations in the United States until early 2011. Production in Japan started in October 2010,[12] and delivery in the US[43] and Japan began in December, with deliveries in other markets beginning in early 2012. By December 2020 the Leaf was sold in 59 markets around the world.[44]

The Leaf was the world's best selling electric car from 2011 to 2014[45][46][47] and 2016.[48] Sales fell in 2015 with overall sales led by the Tesla Model S.[46][49] As of December 2019, the Leaf listed as the world's all-time best selling plug-in electric car.[50] By early 2020, the Tesla Model 3 surpassed the Leaf to become the new best selling electric car in history.[9]

By February 2022, global Leaf deliveries totaled 577,000 cars.[5] As of September 2021, Europe was listed as the biggest market with more than 208,000 units sold,[6] of which 72,620 units had been registered in Norway, the leading European national market.[51] As of December 2021, U.S. sales totaled 165,710 units through December 2021,[7] and 157,059 units in Japan.[8]

Nissan Leaf sales by top national markets between 2010 and 2022
Country Total 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010
US[52] 177,729 12,026 14,237 9,559 12,365 14,715 11,230 14,006 17,269 30,200 22,610 9,819 9,674 19
Japan[46][53][54][55] 96,999 16,925 14,793 9,057 14,177 13,021 11,115 10,310 19
Norway 54,967 3,222[56] 5,313[57] 5,221[58] 6,127[59] 12,303[60] 3,374[61] 4,162[61] 3,189[62] 4,781[63] 4,604[63] 2,298[64] 373[64]  
UK[65][66][67][68] 22,359 5,463 4,463 5,236 4,051 1,812 699 635  
France[69] 12,113 3,529 3,395 3,739 4,668 2,381 3,887 2,200 1,600 1,438 524 83  
Canada[70] 16,893 1,223 1,535 2,881 5,735 946 1,375 1,233 1,085 470 240 170  
Germany[71][72] 4,918 841 1,121 831 812 855 451 7  
China[73] 4,032[a] 1,961 1,273 582 216      
Netherlands 3,157 513 666 447 510 462 265 294  
Sweden[74][75][76][77] 3,542 981 836 841 438 317 129    
Spain[78][79][80][81][82] 2,159 530 344 344 465 263 154 59  
Italy[83][84][85] 2,103 448 460 389 332 323 146 5  
Denmark[86] 1,202 20 85 224 577 211 73 12  
Ireland[87][88][89][90][91] 1,366 258 352 405 192 43 69 45 2
Belgium[92][93][94][95][96] 1,510 389 466 162 178 141 114 60  
Austria[97] 1,151 384 333 156 121 88 64 3
Australia[98][99][100][101] 997[b] 384 156 109[b] 173 188 77 19  
Switzerland[102] 831 131 158 145 106 178 74 39  
Total top markets 367,821 15,248 20,773 16,315 21,373 32,753 44,814 49,624 43,354 60,259 47,152 26,247 21,785 40
Total global sales[103][45][49][46][104] 303,678 ~47,000 49,245 43,651 61,507 47,716 26,973 22,094 50
  1. ^ Chinese sales correspond to the rebadged Venucia e30.
  2. ^ a b Sales in Australia through September 2015.
[edit]

The Nissan Leaf is the subject of Roger McGough's poem "Ode to the Leaf", from his 2012 collection As Far as I Know.[105]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 Nissan Leaf preview: More safety features, bigger touchscreen for EV compact car". Green Car Reports. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  2. ^ "Nissan Leaf - leading, environmentally friendly, affordable, family car". Green Innovation. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Nissan unveils 'LEAF'". global.nissannews.com (Press release). Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  4. ^ a b "A decade of innovation – the LEAF's incredible journey". A decade of innovation – the LEAF’s incredible journey. 4 December 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. ^ a b "Nissan LEAF gets a new glow for 2022 with sharp design and advanced tech" (Press release). Paris: Nissan Europe. 23 February 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022. The Nissan LEAF has always been about making advanced technology and the thrill of electric driving accessible to everyone with over 577,000 customers worldwide.
  6. ^ a b Kane, Mark (6 September 2021). "Nissan Celebrates Sales Of 250,000 EVs In Europe". InsideEVs. Retrieved 7 September 2021. The cumulative number includes over 208,000 LEAFs (first- and second-generation), as well as about 42,000 Nissan e-NV200 medium-size vans.
  7. ^ a b Kane, Mark (6 January 2022). "US: Nissan LEAF Sales Improved In 2021". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  8. ^ a b Kane, Mark (12 January 2022). "Japan: Nissan LEAF Sales Cruise At Roughly 11,000 In 2021". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  9. ^ a b Holland, Maximilian (10 February 2020). "Tesla Passes 1 Million EV Milestone & Model 3 Becomes All Time Best Seller". CleanTechnica. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  10. ^ PLUS, Nissan LEAF Nissan LEAF. "Nissan LEAF Sales Hit 450,000: World's #1 Selling EV, But Not For Long". InsideEVs. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  11. ^ Abuelsamid, Sam (27 July 2009). "Nissan shows off new Versa-based electric vehicle prototype". Autoblog. Weblogs Inc. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
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  18. ^ "2020 Nissan Leaf (62 kW-hr battery pack)". fueleconomy.gov. US: Department of Energy. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
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  26. ^ Halvorson, Bengt (10 January 2019). "2019 Nissan Leaf Plus vs Leaf: A first look at the differences". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
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  32. ^ Lambert, Fred (29 September 2020). "Nissan turns Leaf electric car into cool-looking mobile power supply for disaster relief". Electrek. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  33. ^ "2023 Nissan LEAF Press Kit" (Press release). US: Nissan. 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  34. ^ Langness, Travis (2 March 2021). "Nissan LEAF Prices, Reviews, and Pictures | Edmunds". Edmunds.com.
  35. ^ Ponce, Esaú (19 September 2019). "Nissan Leaf 2019 llega a México desde $686,600 pesos". Auto Cosmos (in Spanish). Mexico. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  36. ^ "Nissan celebrates production of the 500,000th LEAF" (Press release). Nissan. 9 September 2020.
  37. ^ Prez, Matt de. "Nissan Leaf production ends in UK". www.fleetnews.co.uk. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
  38. ^ O’Neil, Kirk (30 July 2023). "Tesla Dominance Pushes Major Carmaker to Exit Electric Vehicles". TheStreet. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  39. ^ "Top 10 Tech Cars: 2018". IEEE Spectrum. 55 (4). US: 30. April 2018. doi:10.1109/mspec.2018.8322044. ISSN 0018-9235. S2CID 4116523.
  40. ^ "Best used cars: our 2024 Best Used Car Award winners". Carbuyer. UK. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  41. ^ Paukert, Chris (1 August 2009). "2010 Nissan Leaf electric car: In person, in depth – and U.S. bound". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
  42. ^ Loveday, Eric. "Nissan reaches 20,000 Leaf pre-orders; will stop taking reservations". AutoBlogGreen. Retrieved 27 February 2011.
  43. ^ Nissan (11 December 2010). "Nissan Makes History With Delivery of World's First 100% Electric Nissan Leaf to California Consumer". PR Newswire. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
  44. ^ Nissan (3 December 2020). "Nissan marks 10 years of LEAF sales, with over 500,000 sold worldwide". Automotive World. Retrieved 11 December 2020. Nissan today celebrated the 10th anniversary of the Nissan LEAF and the delivery of 500,000 LEAF vehicles since the model was first introduced. More than 148,000 have been sold in the United States
  45. ^ a b Deane, Padraic (7 February 2014). "Renault-Nissan Alliance a strong partnership". Auto Trade (Ireland). Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  46. ^ a b c d Cobb, Jeff (1 February 2017). "Tesla Model S Is World's Best-Selling Plug-in Car For Second Year In A Row". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 3 February 2017.
  47. ^ Crowe, Philippe (5 February 2013). "43,829 EVs Sold By Renault-Nissan In 2012". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  48. ^ Shahan, Zachary (4 February 2017). "Tesla Model S & Nissan Leaf Clocked As World's Best-Selling Electric Cars In 2016". EV Volumes. CleanTechnica.com. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  49. ^ a b Nissan (21 January 2016). "Nissan's advanced lithium-ion battery plant in Sunderland to make future generation electric vehicle batteries". Automotive World. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  50. ^ "The "E" side of EV: Nissan brings excitement from the road to the track with LEAF Nismo RC unleashed for the first time in Europe" (Press release). Valencia, Spain: Nissan Europe. 20 January 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  51. ^ "Cumulative EV registrations by Make and Model". Elbil Statistikk. 29 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022. Includes 20,661 used imports from neighboring countries as of 29 January 2022.
  52. ^ Kane, Mark. "Nissan LEAF Sales Overview In U.S. From 2010–2019". InsideEVs. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
  53. ^ Kane, Mark (5 February 2016). "Worldwide Nissan Leaf Sales Down To 43,651 In 2015 (From 60,000) As Weak Numbers For Japan Are In". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 5 February 2016. Leaf sales in Japan totaled 9,057 units in 2015. A total of 2,503 units were sold in January 2016. As of December 2015, cumulative sales totaled 57,699 units since the Leaf introduction in December 2010.
  54. ^ Kane, Mark (30 January 2014). "Nissan Leaf Sales In Japan Up 17% in 2013". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  55. ^ Kane, Mark (9 February 2015). "Nissan Leaf Sales In Japan Up 9% To 14,000 In 2014". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 9 February 2015. A total of 14,177 units were sold in Japan during 2014.
  56. ^ "Tidenes registreringsrush i desember" [Historic registration rush in December] (in Norwegian). Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV). 2 January 2023. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023.
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  58. ^ Solberg Thorsen, Øyvind (5 January 2021), Bilåret 2020 – hovedtall og fakta for alle kjøretøygrupper [The Automobile Year 2020 – overall sales and facts for all vehicle categories] (PDF) (in Norwegian), Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV), p. 26, archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2021
  59. ^ Solberg Thorsen, Øyvind (3 January 2020), Bilåret 2019 – fakta og trender [The Automobile Year 2019 – facts and trends] (PDF) (in Norwegian), Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV), p. 19, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2022
  60. ^ "Bilsalget i 2018" [Car sales in 2018] (in Norwegian). Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV). Archived from the original on 21 December 2021.
  61. ^ a b "Bilsalget i 2017" [Car sales in 2017] (in Norwegian). Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV). Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
  62. ^ "Bilsalget i desember" [Car sales in December] (in Norwegian). Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV). January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 7 February 2016. Leaf registrations in Norway totaled 3,189 new units in 2015 and 4,781 in 2014. On the heading "Registreringsstatistikken t.o.m. desember 2015" click "2015, des, Personbiler, Merkefordelt"
  63. ^ a b "Bilsalget i 2014" [Car sales in 2014] (in Norwegian). Opplysningsrådet for Veitrafikken AS (OFV). January 2015. Archived from the original on 30 September 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2015. Click on "Modellfordelt" to display the top 20 selling new cars in Norway: A total of 4,781 new Leafs were sold in 2014 and 4,604 in 2013.
  64. ^ a b Gasnier, Mat (9 January 2013). "Norway Full Year 2012: VW Tiguan and Nissan Leaf impress". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 15 February 2013. A total of 373 new units were sold in 2011 and 2,298 units in 2012.
  65. ^ Gasnier, Mat (1 February 2013). "UK Full Year 2012: Now with Top 350 All-models ranking!". Best Selling Cars Blog. Retrieved 7 February 2013. 635 Leafs sold in 2011 and 699 in 2012.
  66. ^ "Nissan set a new UK sales record in 2013". Fleet News. 23 January 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2014. 1,812 Leafs were sold during 2013.
  67. ^ "Record-breaking year for plug-in cars". Fleet News. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016. Leaf registrations in the UK totaled 5,236 units in 2015, up from 4,051 in 2014.
  68. ^ Nichols, Will (8 January 2015). "Electric car sales quadruple during 2014". Business Green. Retrieved 4 February 2015. A total of 4,051 Leafs were sold in 2014.
  69. ^ "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations de voitures électriques en France" [Sales figures & electric car registrations in France]. Autoactu.com (in French). Automobile Propre. January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016. See "Ventes de voitures électriques en 2015/2014/2013/2012/2011."
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  75. ^ Bekker, Henk (2 July 2013). "2013 (Half Year) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars and Plug-in Hybrids". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  76. ^ Sweden, Bil (2 January 2015). "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" [New registrations in December 2014 (preliminar)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Archived from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2015. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" see table: "Nyregistrerade supermiljöbilar december 2014" with summary of plug-in passenger car registrations by model for 2013 (revised) and 2014.
  77. ^ Sweden, Bil (4 January 2016). "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" [New Registrations December 2015 (final)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016. Download the pdf file "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" See table: Nyregistrerade miljöpersonbilar december 2015
  78. ^ "Ventas en España de coches híbridos y eléctricos en 2011" [Hybrid and electric car sales in Spain in 2011] (in Spanish). Motor Pasión Futuro. 6 January 2012. Retrieved 13 May 2012. 59 Leafs were sold in 2011.
  79. ^ "Datos de Mercado: Diciembre 2012 – Matriculaciones de automóviles" [Market data: December 2012 – Automobiles registrations] (in Spanish). Asociación Nacional de Importadores de Automóviles, Camiones, Autobuses y Motocicletas (ANIACAM). 12 December 2012. Archived from the original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2013.Download the file DossierAutomóviles_diciembre12.xls with current month and cumulative sales for 2012.
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