Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
| Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome | |
|---|---|
 | |
| SFTS bunyavirus isolated from patients in Central and Northeast provinces of China (red) | |
| Specialty | Infectious disease |
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infection[1] caused by Dabie bandavirus also known as the SFTS virus, first reported between late March and mid-July 2009 in rural areas of Hubei and Henan provinces in Central China.[2]
It is an emerging infectious disease causing fever, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of consciousness and heamorrhage.[1]
SFTS has fatality rates ranging from 12% to as high as 30% in some areas due to multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leucopenia (low white blood cell count), and elevated liver enzyme levels.
Virology
[edit]SFTS virus (SFTSV) is a virus in the order Bunyavirales, discovered in 2009.[2]
Transmission
[edit]The life cycle of the SFTSV most likely involves arthropod vectors like Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks and animal hosts. Humans appear to be largely accidental hosts. .[citation needed]
Person-to-person transmission was not initially noted in the 2011, but occurs via blood or mucus as documented in 2012.[3]
Symptoms and signs
[edit]SFTS is an emerging infectious disease causing fever, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of consciousness and heamorrhage.[1]
SFTS has fatality rates ranging from 12% to as high as 30% in some areas due to multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leucopenia (low white blood cell count), and elevated liver enzyme levels.
In July 2013, South Korea reported a total of eight deaths since August 2012.[4]
In July 2017, Japanese doctors reported that a woman had died of SFTS after being bitten by a cat that may have itself been infected by a tick. The woman had no visible tick bites, leading doctors to believe that the cat — which died as well — was the transmission vector.[5][6]
Epidemiology
[edit]SFTS occurs in China's rural areas from March to November with the majority of cases from April to July. In 2013, Japan and Korea also reported several cases with deaths.[7]
In early 2020 an outbreak occurred in East China, more than 37 people were found with SFTS in Jiangsu province, while 23 more were found infected in Anhui province in August 2020.[8] Seven people have died.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Saijo, Masayuki (2019). "1. Introduction". In Saijo, Masayuki (ed.). Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Singapore: Springer. pp. 1–14. ISBN 978-981-13-9561-1.
- ^ a b Yu, Xue-Jie; Liang, Mi-Fang; Zhang, Shou-Yin; Liu, Yan; Li, Jian-Dong; Sun, Yu-Lan; Zhang, Lihong; Zhang, Quan-Fu; Popov, Vsevolod L.; Li, Chuan; Qu, Jing (2011-04-21). "Fever with Thrombocytopenia Associated with a Novel Bunyavirus in China". New England Journal of Medicine. 364 (16): 1523–1532. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1010095. ISSN 0028-4793. PMC 3113718. PMID 21410387.
- ^ Liu, Yan; Li, Qun; Hu, Wanfu; Wu, Jiabin; Wang, Yubi; Mei, Ling; Walker, David H.; Ren, Jun; Wang, Yu (February 2012). "Person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus". Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.). 12 (2): 156–160. doi:10.1089/vbz.2011.0758. ISSN 1557-7759. PMID 21955213.
- ^ "S. Korea says death toll from tick-borne virus rises to 8 | YONHAP NE…". Archived from the original on 2013-07-05.
- ^ "Japanese woman dies from tick disease after cat bite". BBC News. 2017-07-25. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
- ^ "Japanese woman died from tick-borne illness after cat bite, health ministry says". Japan Times. 2017-07-25. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
- ^ "Promed Post".
- ^ Explained: What is the new tick-borne virus spreading across China? 15 August 2020 indianexpress.com, accessed 24 October 2020
- ^ Seven dead, 60 infected by new infectious disease in China: Report 7 August 2020 indianexpress.com, accessed 24 October 2020