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'{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Magnolia, Arkansas |settlement_type = [[City]] |motto = "Discover the Difference"<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.magnolia-ar.com/|title= City of Magnolia Arkansas |publisher= City of Magnolia Arkansas |access-date= September 12, 2012}}</ref> |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (Town) --> |established_date3 = |image_skyline = Downtown Magnolia, AR IMG_2313.JPG |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Downtown Magnolia |image_seal = |image_map = File:Columbia County Arkansas Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Magnolia Highlighted 0543460.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location of Magnolia in Columbia County, Arkansas. |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Arkansas|County]] |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_name1 = [[Arkansas]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Columbia County, Arkansas|Columbia]] |government_type = [[Mayor-Council government|Council-Strong Mayor]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = |established_date = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_05.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref> |area_total_km2 = 34.37 |area_total_sq_mi = 13.27 |area_land_km2 = 34.27 |area_land_sq_mi = 13.23 |area_water_km2 = 0.10 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.04 |elevation_ft = 358 |elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] |population_footnotes = |population_total = 11162 |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = 325.73 |population_density_sq_mi = 843.62 |timezone = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|Central (CST)]] |utc_offset = -6 |coordinates = {{coord|33|16|27|N|93|14|28|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = -5 |postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s |postal_code = 71753-71754 |area_code = [[Area code 870|870]] |blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |blank_info = 05-43460 |blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |blank1_info = 2404998<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2404998}}</ref> |footnotes = |website = {{URL|www.magnolia-ar.com}} }} '''Magnolia''' is a city in [[Columbia County, Arkansas]], United States. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] the population was 11,577.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0543460| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212180544/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0543460| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Magnolia city, Arkansas| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=June 17, 2014}}</ref> The city is the [[county seat]] of Columbia County.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=11603|title= Profile for Magnolia, Arkansas, AR|publisher= ePodunk|access-date= September 12, 2012|archive-date= October 11, 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191011044659/http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=11603|url-status= dead}}</ref> Magnolia is home to the World's Largest Charcoal Grill and the World Championship Steak Cookoff, part of the Magnolia Blossom Festival. The city is also home to [[Southern Arkansas University]]. ==History== The city was founded in 1853. At the time of its incorporation in 1858, the city had a population of about 1,950. On November 11, 1919 [[Lynching of Jordan Jameson|Jordan Jameson was lynched]] in the town square of Magnolia. A large white mob seized Jameson after he allegedly shot the local sheriff. They tied him to a stake and burned him alive.{{sfn|McWhirter|2011|p=241}} The city grew slowly as an agricultural and regional cotton market until the discovery of oil just east of the city in March 1938, with the Barnett #1 drilled by the [[Kerr-McGee|Kerr-Lynn Company]]. The Magnolia Oil Field was an important discovery for the city as well as for the nation, as it was the largest producing field (in volume) during the early years of [[World War II]], helping to sustain the American war effort. In March 2013, more than 5,000 barrels of oil leaked from a [[Lion Oil]] Trading & Transportation storage tank in Magnolia, with some flowing into a [[bayou]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323463704578495431880326740|title=Latest Pipeline Spill Is Mostly Contained|first=Alison|last=Sider|newspaper=Wall Street Journal |date=May 20, 2013|via=www.wsj.com}}</ref> ==Geography== Magnolia is located in southwest Arkansas, north of the center of Columbia County.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> The average altitude is {{convert|336|ft|m|abbr=on}} above sea level according to NOAA. The surrounding region is a mix of dense forest, farm prairies, and low rolling hills. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|34.4|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|0.07|km2|order=flip}}, or 0.21%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010"/> Magnolia is located about {{convert|50|mi}} east of [[Texarkana, Texas|Texarkana]], about {{convert|135|mi}} south of [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]], and about {{convert|75|mi}} northeast of [[Shreveport, Louisiana]]. ===Climate=== The average temperature is {{convert|64|F}}, and the average annual rainfall is {{convert|50.3|in}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.magnolia-ar.com|title=City of Magnolia AR|website=www.magnolia-ar.com}}</ref> The winters are mild but can dip into the teens at night and have highs in the 30s and even some 20s but average out around 50. The springs are warm and can be stormy with strong to severe storms and average highs in the mid 70s. Summers are often hot, humid and dry but with occasional isolated afternoon storms, highs in the mid to upper 90s and even 100s. In the fall the temps cool from the 90s and 100s to 80s and 70s. Early fall temps are usually in the 80s but can reach 90s and at times has reached 100. Late fall temps fall to 70s and 60s. It is not uncommon to see snow and ice during the winter. ==Demographics== {{US Census population |1860= 424 |1870= 259 |1880= 536 |1890= 1486 |1900= 1614 |1910= 2045 |1920= 2158 |1930= 3008 |1940= 4326 |1950= 6918 |1960= 10651 |1970= 11303 |1980= 11909 |1990= 11151 |2000= 10858 |2010= 11577 |2020= 11162 |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref> }} ===2020 census=== {| class="wikitable" |+Magnolia racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US0543460&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 10, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref> !Race !Num. !Perc. |- |[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic) |5,586 |50.04% |- |[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic) |4,568 |40.92% |- |[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] |30 |0.27% |- |[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] |148 |1.33% |- |[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]] |351 |3.14% |- |[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] |479 |4.29% |} As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 11,162 people, 3,935 households, and 2,338 families residing in the city. ===2000 census=== As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 10,858 people, 4,204 households, and 2,577 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,165.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 4,821 housing units at an average density of {{convert|517.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 58.24% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 39.38% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.22% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.65% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.48% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.00% from two or more races. [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.07% of the population. There were 4,204 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. Of 4,204 households, 101 are unmarried partner households: 91 heterosexual, 4 same-sex male, 6 same-sex female households. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.01. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 16.8% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.4 males. The median income for a household in the city was $29,897, as of 2005, and the median income for a family was $35,269. Males had a median income of $31,577 versus $20,840 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,403. About 15.2% of families and 23.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 32.9% of those under age 18 and 17.7% of those age 65 or over. ==Economy== Magnolia when it was founded was a cotton, farm production, and marketing town. Slowly the town grew, and in 1909 the Third District Agricultural School, subsequently known as Magnolia A&M and Southern State College, now known as [[Southern Arkansas University]], was founded. During World War II Magnolia became a heavy manufacturing city. In 1938 [[Petroleum|oil]] and [[natural gas]] were discovered near the city in what was called the Magnolia Oil Field, the largest producing field by volume in the nation during the war. The city soon became a producer in steel, lumber, aluminum, [[bromine]], rubber-coated products and [[fuel cell]]s for the military. The town's primary economic focus is heavy industrial, including [[Albemarle Corporation]]'s Bromine Products Division (which has two facilities near town), Amfuel (which produces fuel cells for the military), and [[Sapa Group]]'s extruded aluminum products facility. Also located in the area are several oil and brine drilling companies, many of which are locally owned, and timber companies, such as Deltic and [[Weyerhaeuser]]. Major industrial employers: SAPA (750), Albemarle (739), Amfuel (380), CMC (344), Weyerhaeuser (250), Deltic Timber (125), Partee Flooring (95), and Southern Aluminum (90). Largest non-manufacturing employers: *Magnolia Public School System, 346 *Southern Arkansas University, 304 *Magnolia Hospital, 253 *Columbia County government, 110 The unemployment rate in Magnolia is 9.40%,{{when|date=June 2014}} with job growth of -0.40%. Future job growth over the next ten years is predicted to be 29.70%, according to Sterling's,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bestplaces.net/city/Magnolia-Arkansas.aspx|title=Page Not Found|website=www.bestplaces.net}}</ref> The U.S. unemployment rate average for the month of June is 9.2%, Arkansas' average is 7.2%. == Arts and culture == Magnolia is home to the Magnolia Blossom Festival and World Championship Steak Cookoff. The festival has been featured on the [[Food Network]] and attracts more than 40,000.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} A 'Festival of Lights' is held from late November through late December. Magnolia is known locally for its downtown shopping on the square and for its murals - one of which was signed by [[Charlton Heston]].<ref name="amer_Acto">{{Cite web |title=Actor Charlton Heston Signs Local Mural |work=American Profile |date=June 12, 2011 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |url= https://americanprofile.com/articles/actor-charlton-heston-signs-local-mural/}}</ref> ==Government== The city operated under a city council form of government until 2003. Voters elected to convert the city to a strong-mayor form of government, making the mayor's position a full-time position with veto power. Lane Jean was elected mayor in 1996.<ref>''Texarkana Gazette''. October 27, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2010. {{cite web |url=http://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/localnews/2009/10/27/magnolia-mayor-running-for-state-represe-73.php |title=Magnolia mayor running for state representative |access-date=December 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717054233/http://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/localnews/2009/10/27/magnolia-mayor-running-for-state-represe-73.php |archive-date=July 17, 2011 }}</ref><ref>''Lane Jean For State Representative''. Retrieved December 23, 2010. http://lanejeanforstaterepresentative.com/node/1{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>''Magnolia, Ark., Elected Officials. Retrieved December 23, 2010. {{cite web |url=http://www.magnolia-ar.com/elected/default.php |title=Welcome to Magnolia Arkansas |access-date=December 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308073255/http://www.magnolia-ar.com/elected/default.php |archive-date=March 8, 2011 }}</ref> The city employs approximately 50 individuals in seven different departments, including the Police Department, the Fire Department, and Parks and Recreation. == Animal shelter rescue == The city operated a shelter designed for approximately 20 dogs. On August 14, 2014, this facility was found to have 59 dogs in unclean conditions, without heat, air conditioning or even walls for the animals. With the city's permission, the local H&P Animal Alliance assisted in removing the dogs from the over-crowded shelter. A number of dogs were sent to an out-of-state animal rescue group specializing in saving large-breed working dogs, Big Fluffy Dog Rescue. Big Fluffy Dog Rescue is a Nashville, Tennessee-based 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://virtualfluffies.com/2014/08/14/the-cruelty-case-dogs-of-magnolia-arkansas/|title=Protected Blog › Log in|website=virtualfluffies.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://kygl.com/appalling-animal-cruelty-case-at-magnolia-arkansas-city-animal-shelter-video/|title=Appalling Animal Cruelty Case at Magnolia Arkansas City Animal Shelter [VIDEO]|website=Eagle 106.3|date=August 15, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ktbs.com/story/26292298/dozens-of-animals-seized-at-magnolia-shelter|title=Dozens of animals seized at Magnolia shelter|first=Clay|last=Kirby|website=ktbs.com|date=August 15, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.magnoliareporter.com/news_and_business/local_news/article_cd79e924-1d84-11e4-9432-0019bb2963f4.html|title=Rescue effort mounted to help area shelter ease its overflow of dogs|first=Mike McNeill, publisher and|last=editor|website=magnoliareporter.com|date=August 6, 2014 }}</ref> The rescue effort cost an uncompensated $50,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ktbs.com/story/26341286/city-of-magnolia-addresses-overcrowded-dog-pound|title=City of Magnolia addresses overcrowded dog pound|first=Julie|last=Parr|website=ktbs.com|date=August 21, 2014 }}</ref> ==Education== ===Public and private schools=== Public schools in the [[Magnolia School District (Arkansas)|Magnolia School District]] include: * Walker Pre-K Center (PK) * Magnolia Eastside Elementary (K-3) * Magnolia Central Elementary (4-6) * Magnolia Junior High School (7-9) * [[Magnolia High School (Arkansas)|Magnolia High School]] (10-12) Private schools in Magnolia include: * Columbia Christian School Magnolia High School is known for its boys' track teams and baseball program. The track team has won the State Championship five out of the last six years. The Panther baseball team was crowned State Champions in 2011 and have won four straight conference titles. The Magnolia Panthers compete in the Arkansas Activities Association 5A-Southwest conference. Since 1999 Magnolia High School graduates have received well over $1 million in college scholarship money each year, with the class of 2008 being first to reach $2 million in scholarship offers. Graduation rates for the city are: High school or higher, 75.4%; Bachelor's degree or higher, 24.1%; Graduate or professional degree, 7.0%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city-data.com/city/Magnolia-Arkansas.html|title=Magnolia, Arkansas (AR 71753) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders|website=www.city-data.com}}</ref> ===Colleges and universities=== Magnolia is the home of [[Southern Arkansas University]], a public university that offers four-year and advanced (Master's level) degrees in business, public administration, computer information systems, education, counseling, education administration, and criminal justice. With an enrollment of 4,771, its most notable programs are agriculture, business, and education. The university's cultural focus is Harton Theatre, which provides a venue for both departmental plays, concerts, and local cultural events. ==Infrastructure== ===Airport=== [[Magnolia Municipal Airport]] is a city-owned, public-use [[airport]] located three [[nautical mile]]s (6 [[kilometre|km]]) southeast of the [[central business district]] of Magnolia.<ref>{{FAA-airport|ID=AGO|use=PU|own=PU|site=01069.1*A}}. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective February 11, 2010.</ref> ===Highways=== *[[Image:US 82.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Highway 82]] *[[Image:US 79.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Highway 79]] *[[Image:US 371.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Highway 371]] *[[Image:Arkansas 19.svg|20px]] [[Arkansas Highway 19]] *[[Image:Arkansas 355.svg|25px]] [[Arkansas Highway 355]] *[[Image:US 82B.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Highway 82 Business]] *[[Image:US 79B.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Highway 79 Business]] ==Notable people==<!--consensus reached to standardize this heading per WP:WikiProject Cities/US Guideline --> <!-- NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * *NOTICE * * * NOTICE * * * NOTICE• Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability. • The article must mention how they are associated with the community, whether born, raised, or residing. • The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited. • Alphabetical by last name please • All others will be deleted without further explanation END OF NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * * END OF NOTICE * * * * * * * * * * * *END OF NOTICE --> *[[Harvey C. Couch]] (1877-1941), Arkansas entrepreneur who controlled a regional [[utilities|utility]] and [[railroad]] empire; raised in Magnolia *[[Billy Joe Daugherty]] (1952–2009), founder and pastor of Victory Christian Center in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] *[[Roy Green]], former wide receiver in the National Football League<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/G/GreeRo01.htm|title= Roy Green|publisher= Pro-Football-Reference.com |access-date= September 12, 2012}}</ref> *[[Charlaine Harris]], author who writes what are referred to as the [[Sookie Stackhouse]] novels *[[Lane Jean]] (born c. 1959), former mayor of Magnolia and current Republican member of the [[Arkansas House of Representatives]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkansashouse.org/member/272/lane-jean|title=Lane Jean, R-2|publisher=arkansashouse.org|access-date=September 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614134351/http://www.arkansashouse.org/member/272/lane-jean|archive-date=June 14, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[A. R. Johnson (Louisiana politician)|Andrew R. Johnson]] (1856–1933), [[Louisiana State Legislature|state senator]] and mayor of [[Homer, Louisiana|Homer]]; taught school near Magnolia in the 1890s *Larry McCray (born c. 1963), blues guitarist and singer. His family moved to Saginaw, Michigan in 1973. *[[Sidney Sanders McMath]] (1912-2003), governor of Arkansas (1949-1953), Major General, U.S.M.C. Reserve (1965-1970) *[[Mike Runnels]] (1945-2015), Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico *[[Horace M. Wade]], former U.S. Air Force general, born in Magnolia 1916<ref name="Biography">{{cite web|title=Gen. Horace M. Wade|url=http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7486|publisher=[[United States Air Force]]|access-date=February 6, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413232316/http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7486|archive-date=April 13, 2010}}</ref> *[[Carl Wafer]], former [[defensive end]] in the [[National Football League]]; born in Magnolia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/W/WafeCa20.htm|title= Carl Wafer|publisher= Pro-Football-Reference.com |access-date= September 12, 2012}}</ref> ==Annexation== On January 12, 2007, Magnolia annexed {{convert|2325|acre|km2}} east of the city, which includes approximately 1,100 people, increasing the population to 11,578. The city was expected to receive between $60,000 to $70,000 in state turnbacks per year as a result. ==Gallery== <gallery class="center" widths="180px"> Image:Another glimpse of downtown Magnolia IMG 2322.JPG|Downtown Magnolia Image:Magnolia, AR, City Hall IMG 2301.JPG|Magnolia City Hall Image:Revised photo of First Baptist Church of Magnolia, AR IMG 2324.JPG|First [[Baptist]] Church of Magnolia Image:Bancorp South Building in Magnolia, AR IMG 2298.JPG|Bancorp South in Magnolia is located across from City Hall. Image:Farmers Bank and Trust in Magnolia, AR IMG 2302.JPG|Farmers Bank and Trust Company in downtown Magnolia </gallery> ==References== {{Reflist}} *{{cite book |last=McWhirter|first=Cameron | title = Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America|year=2011| publisher = [[Henry Holt and Company]]| isbn= 9781429972932}} <small>- Total pages: 368 </small> ==External links== {{Wikivoyage|Magnolia (Arkansas)}} {{Commons category}} <!-- for current and future use if material is uploaded --> * [http://www.magnolia-ar.com/ City of Magnolia official website] * [http://www.magnoliachamber.com/ Magnolia Chamber of Commerce] * [http://www.blossomfestival.org Magnolia Blossom Festival] * [http://www.city-data.com/city/Magnolia-Arkansas.html City-Data.com] * [http://www.magnoliaschools.net/ Magnolia School District] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090818041038/http://www.magnoliaschools.net/Magnolia%20High%20School/Default.html Magnolia High School] * [http://bigfluffydogs.com/ Big Fluffy Dog Rescue] * [http://hpanimalalliance.org/ H&P Animal Alliance] * [https://marketonmagnolia.com/ Markets on Magnolia] {{Columbia County, Arkansas}} {{Magnolia, Arkansas}} {{Arkansas county seats}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Magnolia, Arkansas|*]] [[Category:Cities in Arkansas]] [[Category:Cities in Columbia County, Arkansas]] [[Category:County seats in Arkansas]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1853]] [[Category:1853 establishments in Arkansas]]'