1st Arkansas Field Battery: Difference between revisions

1st Arkansas Field Battery (Confederate)
1st Arkansas Field Battery (Confederate)
	Arkansas state flag
Active	1861–1865
Country	Confederate States of America
Allegiance	CSA
Type	Artillery
Engagements	American Civil War Battle of Pea Ridge; Siege of Vicksburg;

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Revision as of 19:39, 21 December 2012

Template:Infobox Arkansas Confederate Artillery Batteries

The 1st Arkansas Field Battery (1861–1865) was a Confederate Army artillery battery during the American Civil War. Also known as: the "John D. Adams Artillery," or usually just "Adams Artillery"; Gaines’ Battery; McAnally’s Battery. In the Official Records, artillery units are most often referred to by the name of their battery commander. During the war, some effort was made to organize artillery units into battalions and regiments, but the units almost never functioned above the battery level, and were often broken out and fought as single gun sections. For these reasons the Arkansas artillery organizations are listed by several names. The Arkansas batteries which served primarily in the Confederate Army of Tennessee or Army of Mississippi, (east of the Mississippi River) were "officially" designated as "_st Arkansas Light Artillery". On November 19, 1864, General E. Kirby Smith, commanding the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department, issued Special Orders No. 290, organizing the artillery of the department into battalions, and listing the various batteries as "_st Arkansas Field Battery". The component batteries were usually assigned individually to an infantry or cavalry brigade.^[1]

Organization

The battery was organized as the "John D. Adams Artillery," or usually just "Adams Artillery". Organized and mustered into state service in April, 1861. Re-enlisted for Confederate service, effective December 1, 1861. Assigned to support Hébert’s brigade of McCulloch’s division in northwest Arkansas in December, 1861. Officers: Captain James J. Gaines; Captain Francis McAnally; Lieutenant Frank A. Moore; Lieutenant David W. Hudgens, Second Lieutenant John P. Murphy. Unfortunately, there are no known surviving muster rolls of the Adams Artillery.

Battles

Fought at Leetown and Pea Ridge on March 7–8, 1862. Returned to camp near Van Buren, Arkansas, after Pea Ridge, and then moved with the Army of the West to Corinth, Mississippi, in April, 1862. Reorganized at Corinth on May 16, 1862, as a result of the Confederate Conscription Act, and assigned to support of Roane’s (later Phifer’s) brigade of Maury’s division, Army of the West, serving in northeast Mississippi. Fought at the battle of Corinth on October 3–4, 1862, and at the Hatchie Bridge crossing on October 7. Served as an unattached battery of Maury’s (later Forney’s) division in north central Mississippi from Novemer, 1862, to April 1863, fighting in an engagement at Oakland, Mississippi, on December 3. Assigned to support of Shoup’s brigade, Martin Smith’s division, where it served during the Vicksburg campaign and in the defenses of Vicksburg during the siege. Surendered with the Vicksburg garrison on July 4, 1863, and was paroled there later the same month. When the battery was captured at Vicksburg, a section of two 3-inch brass rifle guns under First Lieut. Frank A. Moore had been on detached service outside the Vicksburg lines and thus escaped capture. However, when McNally's Battery was exchanged back in Arkansas, Moore's section was stranded east of the Mississippi. It was subsequently attached to King's 2nd Missouri Battery and served east of the Mississippi to the end of the war. This section served with Cosby’s brigade, Jackson’s division, Lee’s cavalry corps. The battery was reorganized in Arkansas using four 6-pounder smoothbores around September, 1864, and served in Blocher’s Fifth Light Artillery Battalion, supporting Churchill’s First Arkansas Division, and served with this division until the end of the war. Renamed as the First Arkansas Field Battery effective November 1, 1864.

Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6–8, 1862.

Siege of Vicksburg

Surrender

Surrendered with General Kirby Smith on May 26, 1865.

References

^ Howerton, Bryan R., "Arkansas Artillery Batteries", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 12 May 2004, Accessed 2 November 2011, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?noframes;read=7332

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+The '''1st Arkansas Field Battery''' (1861–1865) was a [[Confederate Army]] [[artillery battery]] during the [[American Civil War]]. Also known as: the "John D. Adams Artillery," or usually just "Adams Artillery"; Gaines’ Battery; McAnally’s Battery. In the Official Records, artillery units are most often referred to by the name of their battery commander.  During the war, some effort was made to organize artillery units into battalions and regiments, but the units almost never functioned above the battery level, and were often broken out and fought as single gun sections. For these reasons the Arkansas artillery organizations are listed by several names.  The Arkansas batteries which served primarily in the Confederate [[Army of Tennessee]] or [[Army of Mississippi]], (east of the Mississippi River) were "officially" designated as "_st Arkansas Light Artillery". On November 19, 1864, General E. Kirby Smith, commanding the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department, issued Special Orders No. 290, organizing the artillery of the department into battalions, and listing the various batteries as "_st Arkansas Field Battery".  The component batteries were usually assigned individually to an infantry or cavalry brigade.<ref>Howerton, Bryan R., "Arkansas Artillery Batteries", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 12 May 2004, Accessed 2 November 2011, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/arch_config.pl?noframes;read=7332</ref>
-The '''1st Arkansas Field Battery''' (1861–1865) was a [[Confederate Army]] [[artillery battery]] during the [[American Civil War]]. Also known as: the "John D. Adams Artillery," or usually just "Adams Artillery"; Gaines’ Battery; McAnally’s Battery.
 == Organization ==