Papa Víctor I

Papa San Víctor I
Papa San Víctor I
Nagsimula ang pagka-Papa	189
Nagtapos ang pagka-Papa	199
Hinalinhan	Eleuterio
Kahalili	Ceferino
Mga detalyeng personal
Pangalan sa kapanganakan	Victor
Kapanganakan	date unknown ; Roman Africa
Yumao	199 ; Rome, Roman Empire
	Iba pang mga Papa na mayroon ding pangalan na Victor

Si Papa Víctor I ang Obispo ng Roma mula 189 CE hanggang 199 CE. Ayon sa Vatikano, ito ay mula 186 CE o 189 hanggang 197 o 201 CE.^[1] Siya ang unang obispo ng Roma na ipinanganak sa probinsiyang Romano ng Aprika. Malamang na siya ay ipinanganak sa Leptis Magna (o Tripolitania). Siya ay kalaunang kinanonisa at ang kanyang pista ay pinagdiriwang sa Simbahang Katoliko Romano tuwing Hulyo 28 bilang "San Victor I, Papa at Martir". ^[2] Bago ang kanyang pagluklok sa episkopasiyang Romano, ang isang pagkakaiba sa pagpepetsa ng pagdiriwang ng Pascha(easter) sa pagitan ng Roma at mga obispo ng Asya menor ay pinayagan ng parehong mga simbahan sa Roma at silangan. Ipinagdiriwang ito ng mga simbahan sa Asya menor tuwing ika-14 ng buwang Nisan ng mga Hudyo na araw bago ang paskuwa ng mga Hudyo nang hindi isinasaalang kung anong araw ng linggo it mahulog dahil ang pagpapako ni Hesus ay nangyari sa Biyernes bago ang paskuwa. Tinawag ang mga ito ng Latin na Mga Quartodeciman. Ipinagdiriwan ng Roma at Kanluran ang Pascha tuwing linggo kasunod ng ika-14 ng Nisan. Si Victor I ay naaalala sa kanyang malaking pagkabahala na kanyang ipinakita para sa kaayusan ng simbahan sa pamamagitan ng pagputol ng mga kaugnayan sa mga obispong gaya nina Polycrates ng Efeso na sumalungat sa kanyang mga pananaw tungkol sa Pascha.^[3] Siya ay kumalas rin kay Theodotus ng Byzantium dahil sa mga paniniwala nito tungkol kay Kristo.^[4]

Hanggang sa panahon ni Victor, ang Roma ay nagdiriwang ng misa sa Griyego. Binago ni Victor ang wika nito sa Latin na ginagamit sa kanyang katutubong Hilagang Aprikano. Ayon kay Jeronimo, siya ang unang may akdang Kristiyano na sumulat tungkol sa teolohiya sa wikang Latin. Gayunpaman, ang mga misang Latin ay hindi naging pangkalahatan hanggang sa huli ng ika-4 na siglo CE.^[5]

May ilang nagmumungkahi na siya ang unang itim na Aprikanong papa ng Simbahang Katoliko Romano.^[6]

Mga sanggunian

↑ He was the first Pope from Africa. In fact "Liber Pontificalis" "The Oxford Dictionary of Popes" and "The Original Catholic Encyclopedia" list him as being native to Africa. There seems to be no original work written that list him as a Roman Citizen or native/descendant of Rome. The dates assigned to Victor’s episcopate by the ancient authorities vary greatly. Eusebius here puts his accession in the tenth year of Commodus (i.e. 189 a.d.), and this is accepted by Lipsius as the correct date. Jerome’s version of the Chron. puts his accession in the reign of Pertinax, or the first year of Septimius Severus (i.e. 193), while the Armenian version puts it in the seventh year of Commodus (186). Eusebius, in his History, does not state directly the duration of his episcopate, but in chap. 28 he says that Zephyrinus succeeded him about the ninth year of Severus, i.e. according to his erroneous De Viris Illustribus, assigns him ten years; the Armenian version of the Chron. twelve years. The Iberian Catalogue makes his episcopate something over nine years long; the Felician Catalogue something over ten. Lipsius, considering Victor in connection with his successors, concludes that he held office between nine and ten years, and therefore gives as his dates 189–198 or 199 (see p. 172 sq.). According to an anonymous writer quoted in chap. 28, Victor excommunicated Theodotus of Byzantium for teaching that Christ was a mere man. He is best known, however, on ccount of his action in connection with the great Quartodeciman controversy (see chap. 24). Jerome, in his version of the Chron., says of him cujus mediocria de religione extant volumina, and in his de vir. ill. chap. 34, he tells us that he wrote upon the passover, and also some other works (super quaestione Paschae, et alia quaedam scribens opuscula). Harnack believes that he has discovered one of these works (all of which have been supposed lost) in the Pseudo-Cyprianic de Aleatoribus. In his Texte und Unters. Bd. V. Heft 1, he has discussed the subject in a very learned and ingenious manner. The theory has much to commend it, but there are difficulties in its way which have not yet been removed; and I am inclined to think it a product of the first half of the third century, rather than of the last quarter of the second (see the writer’s review of Harnack’s discussion in the Presbyterian Review, Jan., 1889, p. 143 sqq.). Schaff, Philip: The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Second Series Vol. I. Oak Harbor : Logos Research Systems, 1997, S. 3
↑ See the General Roman Calendar of 1954
↑ Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine, Ch. XXIV
↑ Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine, Ch. XXVIII
↑ Kung, Hans. The Catholic Church: A Short History. New York; The Modern Library, 2003, p.44
↑ Taryor, N. K., (1984) Impact of the African Tradition on African Chrisitanity (The Strugglers Community Press; Chicago), p168

Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Katolisismo ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.

[1] He was the first Pope from Africa. In fact "Liber Pontificalis" "The Oxford Dictionary of Popes" and "The Original Catholic Encyclopedia" list him as being native to Africa. There seems to be no original work written that list him as a Roman Citizen or native/descendant of Rome. The dates assigned to Victor’s episcopate by the ancient authorities vary greatly. Eusebius here puts his accession in the tenth year of Commodus (i.e. 189 a.d.), and this is accepted by Lipsius as the correct date. Jerome’s version of the Chron. puts his accession in the reign of Pertinax, or the first year of Septimius Severus (i.e. 193), while the Armenian version puts it in the seventh year of Commodus (186). Eusebius, in his History, does not state directly the duration of his episcopate, but in chap. 28 he says that Zephyrinus succeeded him about the ninth year of Severus, i.e. according to his erroneous De Viris Illustribus, assigns him ten years; the Armenian version of the Chron. twelve years. The Iberian Catalogue makes his episcopate something over nine years long; the Felician Catalogue something over ten. Lipsius, considering Victor in connection with his successors, concludes that he held office between nine and ten years, and therefore gives as his dates 189–198 or 199 (see p. 172 sq.). According to an anonymous writer quoted in chap. 28, Victor excommunicated Theodotus of Byzantium for teaching that Christ was a mere man. He is best known, however, on ccount of his action in connection with the great Quartodeciman controversy (see chap. 24). Jerome, in his version of the Chron., says of him cujus mediocria de religione extant volumina, and in his de vir. ill. chap. 34, he tells us that he wrote upon the passover, and also some other works (super quaestione Paschae, et alia quaedam scribens opuscula). Harnack believes that he has discovered one of these works (all of which have been supposed lost) in the Pseudo-Cyprianic de Aleatoribus. In his Texte und Unters. Bd. V. Heft 1, he has discussed the subject in a very learned and ingenious manner. The theory has much to commend it, but there are difficulties in its way which have not yet been removed; and I am inclined to think it a product of the first half of the third century, rather than of the last quarter of the second (see the writer’s review of Harnack’s discussion in the Presbyterian Review, Jan., 1889, p. 143 sqq.). Schaff, Philip: The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Second Series Vol. I. Oak Harbor : Logos Research Systems, 1997, S. 3

[2] See the General Roman Calendar of 1954

[3] Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine, Ch. XXIV

[4] Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine, Ch. XXVIII

[5] Kung, Hans. The Catholic Church: A Short History. New York; The Modern Library, 2003, p.44

[6] Taryor, N. K., (1984) Impact of the African Tradition on African Chrisitanity (The Strugglers Community Press; Chicago), p168

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t u b Mga papa ng Simbahang Katolika
ika-1 hanggang ika-4 na siglo CE	Pedro Linus Anacleto Clemente I Evaristo Alejandro I Sixto I Telesforo Higinio Pío I Aniceto Soterp Eleuterio Víctor I Ceferino Calixto I Urbano I Ponciano Antero Fabián Cornelio Lucio I Esteban I Sixto II Dionisio Félix I Eutiquiano Cayo Marcelino Marcelo I Eusebio Melquíades Silvestre I Marcos Julio I Liberio Dámaso I Siricio Anastasio I
ika-5 hanggang ika-8 na siglo CE	Inocencio I Zósimo Bonifacio I Celestino I Sixto III Leo I Hilario Simplicio Félix III Gelasio I Anastasio II Símaco Hormisdas Juan I Félix IV Bonifacio II Juan II Agapito I Silverius Vigilius Pelagio I Juan III Benedicto I Pelagio II Gregorio I Sabinian Bonifacio III Bonifacio IV Adeodato I Bonifacio V Honorio I Severino Juan IV Teodoro I Martín I Eugenio I Vitaliano Adeodato II Donus Agatón Leo II Benedicto II Juan V Conón Sergio I Juan VI Juan VII Sisino Constantino Gregorio II Gregorio III Zacarias Esteban II Pablo I Esteban III Adriano I Leo III
ika-9 hanggang ika-12 na siglo CE	Esteban IV Pascual I Eugenio II Valentino Gregorio IV Sergio II Leo IV Benedicto III Nicolás I Adriano II Juan VIII Marino I Adriano III Esteban V Formoso Bonifacio VI Esteban VI Romano Teodoro II Juan IX Benedicto IV Leo V Sergio III Anastasio III Lando Juan X Leo VI Esteban VII Juan XI Leo VII Esteban VIII Marino II Agapito II Juan XII Benedicto V Leo VIII Juan XIII Benedicto VI Benedicto VII Juan XIV Juan XV Gregorio V Silvestre II Juan XVII Juan XVIII Sergio IV Benedicto VIII Juan XIX Benedicto IX Silvestre III Gregorio VI Clemente II Dámaso II Leo IX Víctor II Esteban IX Nicolás II Alejandro II Gregorio VII Víctor III Urbano II Pascual II Gelasio II Calixto II Honorio II Inocencio II Celestino II Lucio II Eugenio III Anastasio IV Adriano IV Alejandro III Lucio III Urbano III Gregorio VIII Clemente III Celestino III Inocencio III
ika-13 hanggang ika-16 na siglo CE	Honorio III Gregorio IX Celestino IV Inocencio IV Alejandro IV Urbano IV Clemente IV Gregorio X Inocencio V Adriano V Juan XXI Nicolás III Martín IV Honorio IV Nicolás IV Celestino V Bonifacio VIII Benedicto XI Clemente V Juan XXII Benedicto XII Clemente VI Inocencio VI Urbano V Gregorio XI Urbano VI Bonifacio IX Inocencio VII Gregorio XII Martín V Eugenio IV Nicolás V Calixto III Pío II Pablo II Sixto IV Inocencio VIII Alejandro VI Pío III Julio II Leo X Adriano VI Clemente VII Pablo III Julio III Marcelo II Pablo IV Pío IV Pío V Gregorio XIII Sixto V Urbano VII Gregorio XIV Inocencio IX Clemente VIII
ika-17 siglo hanggang sa kasalukuyan	Leo XI Pablo V Gregorio XV Urbano VIII Inocencio X Alejandro VII Clemente IX Clemente X Inocencio XI Alejandro VIII Inocencio XII Clemente XI Inocencio XIII Benedicto XIII Clemente XII Benedicto XIV Clemente XIII Clemente XIV Pío VI Pío VII Leo XII Pío VIII Gregorio XVI Pío IX Leo XIII Pío X Benedicto XV Pío XI Pío XII Juan XXIII Pablo VI Juan Pablo I Juan Pablo II Benedicto XVI Francisco
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