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Bhasa

Wikipedia se

Bhasa se insaan log ek duusre se baat chit kare hae.

Bahut log bhasa ke bahut rakam se samjhe ke kosis karin hae. Jaise ki:

  1. ek rakam hae jisse ki chij, kaam or soch ke baare me batawa jaaawe sake hae
  2. dher chij jon ki alag alag log ke khatir ekke matlab hoe hae
  3. ek rakam ke soche waala chij
  4. chinh jon ki action aur inaction ke imply kare hae
  5. koi rakam ke baat chit
  6. Bhasa, admii log ke biich me ek samjhauta hae ki rakam rakam ke awaaj ke konchij matlab rahe hae.

Kuchh bhasa ke khaas sabd

[badlo | source ke badlo]

English, Spanish, German, French and Russian ke kuchh khaas sabd.

Hello Hola Hallo/Guten Tag Bonjour Privet/Zdravstvuyte
Goodbye Adios / Chao Tschüs / Auf Wiedersehen Au revoir Do svidaniya
How are you? ¿Cómo estás? Wie geht's? Ca va? Kak vashi dela?
Goodnight Buenas noches Gute Nacht Bonne nuit Spokoynoy nochi
Good afternoon Buenas tardes Guten Abend Bonsoir Dobry den'
Thank you Gracias Danke Merci Spasibo
Have a nice day! ¡Que tengas un buen día! Schönen Tag (noch)! Bonne journee! Vsevo khoroshevo
See you later! ¡Hasta luego! Bis später! A bientot! Uvidimsya
How do you feel? ¿Cómo te sientes? Wie geht es dir? Comment sentir vous? Kak vy sebya chuvstvuyete?
How old are you? ¿Cuántos años tienes? Wie alt bist du? Quel âge tu? Skol'ko vam let?
What is your name? ¿Cómo te llamas? Wie heißt du? Comment t'appelles tu? Kak vas zavut?
What would you like to do? ¿Qué te gusta hacer? Was willst du machen? Voudrais-vous que faire? Chem vy zanimayetes'?

Chirasmita Bhasa ke suchi

Jisme 60 million se jaada log baat kare hae/Top 20

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Ethnologue (2005 ke estimate)[1] Encarta ke estimate[2] Other estimates Ranking[3]
Mandarin Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 873,014,298 1,210,000,000†[2] 982,000,000 native, 179,000,000 second language = 1,151,000,000 total[4]
Encarta ke estimate sa China ke dialect ke include kare hae
1 (1,041,507,149)
Hindi/Urdu Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 366,000,000 Hindi,
60,503,579 Urdu[5]
366,000,000 Hindi,
60,290,000 Urdu
Standard Hindi 325,000,000; A total of 650,000,000 including Urdu (Pakistanke official bhasa ) aur jiske duusra bhasa hae, isme Maithili nai hae. Sab Hindi-Urdu dialect me baat kare waale ek duusre ke samajhe sake hae. 2 (426,396,789)
English Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, English 328,008,138 341,000,000 Dunia bhar me 1,500,000,000 se jaada hoe sake hae.[6] 3 (334,504,069)
Spanish Indo-European, Italic, Romance 328,518,810 322,200,000[7] Total of 417 million including second-language speakers (1999).[8][9] 4 (325,359,405)
Arbii Afro-Asiatic, Semitic 206,000,000 422,039,637

200 million ke matr bhasa aur 250 million non-native baat kare waala[10] Ii United Nations ke chhe official bhasa me se ek hae.[11]

5 (314,019,818)
Bengali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 207,000,000 207,000,000 Chittagonian aur 10.3 million Sylheti bhi hae). 6 (207,000,000)
Portuguese Indo-European, Italic, Romance 177,457,180 176,000,000 210 million matr bhasa, 20 million duusra bhasa = 235 million total 7 (176,728,590)
Russian Indo-European, Slavic, East 145,031,551 167,000,000 165 million matr bhasa, 110 million duusra bhasa = 275 million total 8 (156,015,775)
Japanese Language isolate, Japonic 122,433,899 125,000,000 130 million native, 2 million duusra bhasa = 132 million total 9 (123,716,949)
German Indo-European, Germanic, West 95,392,978 100,130,000 101 million matr bhasa (88 million Standard German, 5 million Swiss German, 8 million Austrian German), 60 million second language in EU[12] + 5–20 million worldwide. 10 (97,761,489)
French Indo-European, Italic, Romance 77,000,000
128,000,000
including second
language speakers[13]
78,000,000 128 million “native and real speakers" (includes 64,473,140 French people), 72 million "partiels", 250 million second language (worldwide including Africa and North Africa) = 450+ million (as a total of first and additional language spoken) and up to 600+ million total with significant knowledge (not necessarily fluent) of the language (2008). Not including partial speakers, French is the ninth most spoken language in the world when including second language speakers.[14][15][16][17] 11 (77,500,000)
Wu Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 77,200,000 77 million native 12 (77,100,000)
Korean language isolate, or Altaic(controversial) 75,000,000 78,000,000 42,000,000 in South Korea (1986). Population total all countries 78,000,000 (1999 WA) 13 (76,500,000)
Javanese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi 75,500,000 75,600,000 70–75 million 14 (75,500,550)
Yue Chinese/Cantonese Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 71,000,000 -- 15 (71,000,000)
Telugu Dravidian, South Central 69,666,000 69,666,000 74,002,856[18]
84 million native, 5 million second language = 89 million total (2001)
16 (69,666,000)
Marathi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 68,000,000 68,000,000 Indian census:71,936,894
68 million native, 3 million second language = 71 million total
17 (68,000,000)
Vietnamese Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Vietic 67,400,000 68,000,000 70 million native, perhaps up to 16 million second language, = ~86 million total 18 (67,700,000)
Tamil Dravidian, Tamil Nadu ,Southern India, Srilanka, Singapore & Malaysia. 66,000,000 66,000,000 Indian census:60,793,814
78 million [19]
19 (66,000,000)
Italian Indo-European, Italic, Romance 61,696,677 62,000,000 20 (61,848,338)

20 to 60 million native speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Ethnologue (2005 estimate)[20] Encarta estimate[21] Other Ranking[3]
Turkish Altaic, Turkic, Oghuz 59 million 61,000,000 21 (60 million)
Punjabi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 56,000,000 57,000,000 61–62 million (2000 WCD) (taken together with Eastern Punjabi (28 million) and Siraiki (14 million): 104 million total) 22
Persian Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian 72 million[22] 31.3 million ca. 72 million;[23] sometimes taken to include all of Southwestern Iranian (Luri, Tati, and other); ca. 72 million second language, February 2007, total ca. 144 million total 23
Min Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 46.2 million -- Southern Min: 49m, Northern Min 10.43m 24
Polish Indo-European, Slavic, West 42.7 million 52 million -- 25(47.3 million)
Gujarati Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 46.1 million 46.1 million -- 26
Ukrainian Indo-European, Slavic, East 39.4 million 47 million -- 27 (43.2 million)
Xiang Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 36.0 million 28
Malayalam Dravidian, Kerala, Southern - India 35,706,000 35,706,000 Indian census:33,066,392 29
Kannada Dravidian, Southern 35.4 million 35.4 million 38 million native, 9 million second language, = 64 million total 30
Maithili Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 45 million 24,191,900 31(34.6 million)
Hakka Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 34,000,000 -- 32
Burmese Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese 32,000,000 32.3 million 33
Oriya Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 31.7 million 32.3 million Oriya is an official language of India and is spoken by over 35 million people all over the world. Indian Census:33,017,446 34
Azerbaijani Altaic, Turkic, Oghuz 31 million 31.4 million 25–35 million native, including Qashqai (data for Iran uncertain); 8 million second language (outside Iran) 35
Sunda Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi 27 million 27 million 36
Bhojpuri Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 26 million 26,254,000 37
Romanian Indo-European, Italic, Romance 26,000,000 26,265,555 Official in Moldova, Romania, Serbia (Vojvodina). Significant communities in Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, USA.
26 million native,[2] 4 million second language. The total is about 30 million.[24]
38
Hausa Afro-Asiatic, Chadic, West 24,200,000 24.2 million (2006) Official in Niger, north Nigeria. Significant communities in Chad, Benin, Ghana, Sudan
24 million native, ~15 million second language, = ~39 million total
39
Malay Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic 23,576,500 23.6 million (2006) Official in Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore. Native to Malaysia, Indonesia, Thaeland. Significant communities in Australia, Bahrain.
18 million native, 3 million second language, = 21 million total (not counting Indonesian)
40
Pashto Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern 19,000,000 26,811,657 Official in Afghanistan. Native to Pakistan. Significant communities in Iran, United Arab Emirates. 41(22.9 million)
Gan Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 21 million -- 48 million, 29 million in Jiangxi[25] 42
Serbo-Croatian Indo-European, Slavic, South 21,000,000 21.1 million (2006) Official in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia, under names Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian respectively. Significant communities in Austria, Germany, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Slovenia. 43
Indonesian
(also known as Bahasa Indonesian)
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian 23.1 million 17.1 million national language in Indonesia
over 140 million second language speakers per Ethnologue. Almost 100% of the abaadi of Indonesia speaks Bahasa Indonesia, a dialect of Malay.
44(20.1 million)
Thae Kradai, Tai 20.05 million (1996) 46.1 million (2006) Encarta includes Northern, Northeastern adn Southern Thae as well as Central whereas ethnologue Thae is just Central Thae
~31 million native (1983 SIL, 1990 Diller, 2000 WCD) (dated data), = ~60 million first and second language (2001 A. Diller). Includes Southern Thae, Northern Thae/Western Lao, but not Shan, Isan, or Lao.
45
Dutch Indo-European, Germanic, West 20,000,000 20 million (2006) 25 million[12][26] Official in Belgium, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Suriname. Significant communities in the United States, Canada, Australia, Indonesia and South Africa (excluding Afrikaans). 46
Yoruba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Defoid, Yoruboid 20,000,000 20 million (2006) Official in Nigeria. 47

10 to 20 million native speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Ethnologue (2005 estimate)[20] Encarta estimate[21] Other Ranking by Ethnologue estimate
Sindhi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 19,720,000 19,720,000 (2006) Official in India, Pakistan. Significant communities in People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong), UK, Philipines Oman. 17 million native, 13 million second language, = 30 million total (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 48
Uzbek Altaic, Turkic, Eastern 18,466,000 20.1 million (2006) Official in Uzbekistan. Native to Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan 49
Igbo Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Igboid 18 million 18 million Official in Nigeria
unknown number second language.
50
Oromo Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Cushitic split into different dialects in their consideration 17.2 million (2006) National language of Ethiopia. Significant communities in Kenya
24 million native (31.6% of Ethiopia [1994 census]), ~2 million second language, = 26 million total (1998 census)
51
Amharic Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South 17,413,000 17.4 million (2006) Official in Ethiopia. Significant communities in Israel.27 million native (32.7% Ethiopia [1994 census] and 2.7 million emigrants), 10% (7 million) as a second language = 34 million total 52
Tagalog Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines 17,000,000 17 million (2006) Official and Native in Philippines. Significant communities in Canada, People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong), Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States (Alaska, California, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands).
22 million native (2000 census), ~65 million second language, = 85 million total
53
Nepali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 16,056,000 16,056,000 Official in Nepal, India (Sikkim). Significant communities in Bhutan.approx. 30 million in Nepal, 16 million as native tongue and 15 million as a second language (2006) 54
Cebuano Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines 15 million 15 million (2006) Native to Philippines
18.5 million native, ~11.5 million second language, = 30 million total (2000 census)
55
Assamese Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 15,334,000 15,374,000 Official in India (Assam). Significant communities in Bhutan and Bangladesh. Assamese is spoken and/or understood by most everyone in the state of Assam. Assam had a abaadi of 26.7 million in 2003-04. So, Assamese has another 8-10 million second language speakers. Assamese is also understood and spoken widely in Arunachal Pradesh with a abaadi of 1.1 million. These are mostly second or third language speakers. Various tribes in Nagaland with a abaadi 2 million use Nakhelse, a variant of Assamese, for communication. Thus, a total of approximately, 28-30 million people speak and understand Assamese. 56
Hungarian Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Ugric 14,500,000 14.5 million (2006) Official in Hungary, Serbia (Vojvodina), Slovenia, Austria. Significant communities in Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, United States, Israel
14 million native (1995)
57
Zhuang Kradai, Tai 14 million 14 million Official in People's Republic of China (Guangxi)
14 million native (1992), unknown number second language
58
Madurese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi 13,694,000 13,694,000 Native to Indonesia (Originally Java, Madura) 59
Sinhalese Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 13,220,000 13.2 million (2006) Official in Sri Lanka. Significant communities in United Arab Emirates
13 million native, 2 million second language, = 15 million total (1993)
60
Greek Indo-European, Greek 12 million 12 million Official in Cyprus, Greece. Significant communities in Albania, Australia, Canada, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, USA.
12 million (2004), up to 10–12 million more second language
61
Czech Indo-European, Slavic, West 12 million (2006) 12 million (1990 WA). Official in Czech Republic. 62
Fula/Fulfulde Niger-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian ~13 million (all varieties) 11,428,700 Official in Niger, Nigeria. National language in Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Sierra Leone. 63
Shona Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu 7,000,000 14 million National language of Zimbabwe. Significant communities in Botswana, Mozambique.
15 million native, 1.8 million second language, = 16–17 million total, including Ndau, Manyika (2000 A. Chebanne)
64(10.5 million)
Malagasy Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Barito 9,398,700 10.5 million (2006) Official in Madagascar. Significant communities in Mayotte.
17 million
65(10 million)

2 to 10 million native speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi SIL estimate[27] Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Somali Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Official in Somalia. Native to Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya. Significant communities in Canada, Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Yemen.10-16 million native and at least 500,000 second-language speakers.million (2004 WCD) 9.8 million (2006) 66
Zulu Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Lesotho, Swaziland 9.6 million (2006) 9.6 million native, ~16 million second language, = ~25 million total (1996 census) 67
Quechua Quechuan Official in Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru. Significant communities in Argentina 8.3 million (2006) 10.4 million, all varieties 68
Kazakh Altaic, Turkic, Northwestern, Southern Official in Kazakhstan. Significant communities in People's Republic of China (Xinjiang), Russia, Mongolia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan 8.2 million (2006) 12 million 69
Tibetan Sino-Tibetan, Northwestern, Southern Official in People's Republic of China (Tibet Autonomous Region and part of Qinghae, Sichuan, Gansu). Significant communities in India 7.1 million (2006) 7.6 million 70
Kurdish Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern 37,000,000 Official in Iraq. Native to Armenia, Iran, Syria, Turkey. Significant communities in Germany, Lebanon. 71
Tajik Indo-European, Indo-Iranian Official in Tajikistan. Significant communities in Uzbekistan 4.4 million. 7.9-17 million native (estimates vary due to lack of official data, moreover these exclude Tajiks of Afghanistan) 72
Chichewa (Nyanja) Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Malawi, Zambia. Significant communities in Mozambique, Zimbabwe. 9.3 million native (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk), 0.4 million second language (1999 WA), = 9.7 million total 73
Haitian Creole Indo-European, Romance, Creole Official in Haiti. Significant communities in Bahamas, Canada (Quebec), Cuba, Cayman Islands (UK), Dominican Republic, France (Guadeloupe), United States (Connecticut, Florida, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New York). 7.4 million (2006) 12 million (2005) 74
Belarusian Indo-European, Slavic, East Official in Belarus. Significant communities in Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Poland, Russia 10.2 million (2006) 9.1 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 75
Lombard Indo-European, Romance Native to Italy -- 5 million Western Lombard + 3 million Eastern Lombard + others = 9.13 million (Ethnologue 2006) 76
Hebrew Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, North Central Official in Israel. Significant communities in USA (New York, California) and Gibraltar. 9.42 million (2006) ~up to 10.0 million speakers including 2nd language speakers 77
Swedish Indo-European, Germanic, North National language of Sweden. National language in Finland. 9 million (2006) 8.8 million (1986), ~9 million (2005) 78
Kongo Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language in Angola, Congo-Brazzaville (Kituba), Congo-Kinshasa. 4.7 million (2006) 8.7 million, all varieties, including Yombe and creolized Kituba (1986–2002) (dated data) 79
Akan Niger-Congo, Kwa National language in Ghana 7 million (2006) 8.3 million native, ~1 million second language, = ~10 million total (2004 SIL) 80
Tshiluba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Congo-Kinshasa 7.8 million native, 0.7 million second language, = 8.5 million total (1991 UBS). Includes 1.5 million Kiluba. 81
Ilokano Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines. Significant communities in United States (Hawaii). 8 million (2006) 7.7 million native (2000 census), ~2.3 second language = 10 million total 82
Uyghur Altaic, Turkic, Southeastern, Eastern Official in People's Republic of China (Xinjiang). Significant communities in Kazakhstan 7.6 million (2006) 7.6 million 83
Neapolitan Indo-European, Romance Native to Italy -- 7.5 million native 84
Bulgarian Indo-European, Slavic, South Official in Bulgaria. Significant communities in Moldova, Ukraine, the Republic of Macedonia, Greece, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, USA 9 million (2006) 7.7 million in Bulgaria (2005) and ~1 million abroad = 8.5 million native 85
Kinyarwanda Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Rwanda. Significant communities in Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 7.3 million (1998) 86
Khmer Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Khmer 7,039,200 8 million (2006) Official in Cambodia. Significant communities in Thaeland, United States (California), Vietnam
14 million native, 1 million second language, = 15 million total (2004)
87
Xhosa Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Lesotho 6.9 million (2006) 7.2 million (1996 census) 88
Balochi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian Native to Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan. Significant communities in Oman, United Arab Emirates 7 million (2006) 7.0 million (1998) 89
Hiligaynon Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 7 million (2006) 6.9 million (2000 census), est. 4.1 million second language = ~11 million total 90
Tigrinya Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South Official in Eritrea, Ethiopia 5.1 million (2006) 4.5 million in Ethiopia (6% of abaadi (1994 census)), ~2.25 million in Eritrea (50% of abaadi (CIA)), = 6.75 million native, 146,934 as second language (1994 census), = 6.9 million total 91
Catalan Indo-European, Romance Official and Native to Andorra, Spain (Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Valencia, Aragon (La Franja)), France (Pyrénées-Orientales), Italy (Alghero). 6.6 million (2006) 6.7 million native, ~5 million second language, = ~12 million total (1996) (includes Valencian) 92
Minangkabau Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Indonesia (Sumatra) 6.5 million (2006) 6.5 million (1981 Moussay) (dated data) 93
Turkmen Altaic, Turkic, Southwestern, Eastern Official in Turkmenistan. Significant communities in Afghanistan, Iran. 6.4 million (2006) 6.4 million (1995) 94
Makhuwa Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Major language of Mozambique. Significant communities in Tanzania 2.5 million (2006) 6.4 million, all varieties, including Lomwe 95
Santali Austro-Asiatic, Munda Official in India 6.2 million (2006) 6.2 million (1997) 96
Albanian Indo-European, isolate Official in Albania, Macedonia, Kosovo . Significant communities in Greece, Italy. 6.0 million 3.6 million (data from Albania) 97
Armenian Indo-European, isolate Official in Armenia. Significant communities in Russia, USA, Georgia, Iran, Lebanon, Syria, France. 6 million (2006) 6.7 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk, etc.) 98
Afrikaans Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Namibia,Botswana, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and United Kingdom. 6.0 million (2006) 6.0 million native, 10.3 million second language, = 16 million total (1996 census) 99
Mongolian Altaic, Mongolian Official in People's Republic of China (Inner Mongolia), Mongolia 5.7 million (2006) 5.7 million 100
Bhili Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 1.3 million (2006) 5.6 million, all varieties (1994). Includes 1.6 million Wagdi, etc. 101
Danish Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Denmark, Faroe Islands (Denmark). Significant communities in Germany (Southern Schleswig) and Greenland. 5.3 million (2006) 5.6 million (2006?) 102
Finnish Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic Official in Finland. Significant communities in Sweden and Estonia. 6.1 million (2006) 5.4 million (1993) 103
Tatar Altaic, Turkic, Northwestern, Northern Official in Russia (Tatarstan). Significant communities in Bashkortostan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan 5.7 million (1989 USSR census)[28][29], at least 5.34 million (2002 census: ethnic Tatars in Russia only)[30] 104
Gikuyu Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Major language of Kenya 5.4 million (2006) 5.3 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) 105
Slovak Indo-European, Slavic, West Official in Slovakia and Vojvodina district of Serbia. 5.6 million (2006) 5.0 million (1990 WA) 106
More Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Burkina Faso 5.1 million (2006) ~5 million (1991) 107
Guarani Tupi Official in Paraguay. Significant communities in Argentina. 5.1 million (2006) 4.9 million (1995) 108
Swahili Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Congo-Kinshasa, Kenya, Tanzania. Significant communities in Comoros, Mayotte, Oman 5 million (2006) ~5 million native, ~80 million second language 109
Southern Quechua Quechuan Official in Peru, Bolivia ~5,000,000 110
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi SIL estimate[27] Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Kirundi Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Burundi. 4.9 million (1986) (dated data) 111
Sesotho (southern) Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Lesotho, South Africa. 4.9 million (1996 census) 112
Central Morocco Tamazight (Berber) Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Northern 3,500,000National language in Algeria, Mali and Niger (Tuaregs); unrecognized in Morocco, Libya and Tunisia. Large migrant communities in France, Benelux, Spain and Germany . 32.3 million (2006) 37+ million (1998) 113
Romani Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Significant communities in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Iran, Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Turkey 3.1 million (2006) 4.8 million, all varieties, including Domari (data for Vlax 2002–2004; for Domari 2000 WCD). 114
Norwegian Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Norway. 5 million (2006) 4.7 million (2006, Statistics Norway) 115
Pahari-Potwari Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Pakistan: Areas of Pakistani administered Kashmir e.g. Mirpur District, Rawalpindi. Dialects include Pahari (Dhundi-Kairali), Pothwari (Potwari), Chibhali, Pindiwali, Punchhi (Poonchi), and Mirpuri.[31] (Mirpuri can also refer to Mirpur Punjabi, a Lahnda language. Pahari-Potwari is related to Punjabi. 4.7 million, all varieties 116
Tibetan Sino-Tibetan,Tibeto-Burman, Bodic Official in People's Republic of China (Tibet, Qinghae, parts of Sichuan, Gansu) 1.3 million (2006) 4.6 million, all varieties 117
Kanuri Nilo-Saharan, Saharan Official in Niger, Nigeria. Significant communities in Chad (Kanembu) 4.4 million native, 0.5 million second language, = 4.9 million total (data mostly from 1985) (dated data) 118
Kashmiri Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in and native to India. 4.5 million (2006) 4.6 million (1997) 119
Bikol Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 3.3 million (2006) 4.5 native, all varieties (2000 census), unknown number second language 120
Yi Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Burmic People's Republic of China 4.2 million (2006) 7.8 million ethnic Yi (2000 census) 121
Georgian Kartvelian Official in Georgia. Significant communities in Israel. 4.1 million (2006) 4.2 million (1993 UBS) 122
Qusqu-Qullaw Quechuan Official in Peru (Cusco and Puno departments) Also spoken in Bolivia, Argentina 4 million 123
Tswana Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Botswana, South Africa. National language of Namibia 4 million (2006) 4.4 million native, 200,000 second language, = 4.6 million total (1993 Johnstone) (dated data) 124
Umbundu Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola ~4 million native, unknown number second language (1995 WA) 125
Konkani Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in India (Goa).Significant communities in Uttara Kannada,Dakshina Kannada. 6 million (2006) ~4 million (1999 WA) 126
Balinese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Bali-Sasak Indonesia (Bali, Lombok) 3.8 million (2006) 3.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 127
Northern Sotho (sePedi) Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Botswana 3.7 million (1996 census) 128
Luyia Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Kenya 3.6 million (2006) 3.6 million (1989 census) (dated data) 129
Wolof Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language in Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in The Gambia. 3.4 million (2006) 3.6 million native (2002), unknown number second language 130
Buginese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, South Sulawesi Indonesia 3.5 million native, 0.5 million second language, = ~4 million total (1991 SIL) 131
Luo (Dholuo) Nilo-Saharan, Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic Kenya 3.4 million (2006) 3.5 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) (dated data) 132
Maninka Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Guinea, Mali. Significant numbers in Liberia, Senegal, Sierra Leone. 2.5 million (2006) 3.3 million, all varieties 133
Mazanderani Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western Iran 3.3 million (2006) 3.3 million (1993) (dated data) (numbers may be confused with or include Gilaki) 134
Gilaki Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western Iran 3.3 million (2006) 3.3 million (1993) (dated data) (numbers may be confused with or include Mazanderani) 135
Shan Kradai, Tai Myanmar 3 million (2006) 3.3 million 136
Tsonga Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. Significant communities in Mozambique, Swaziland. 3.2 million (2006) 3.3 million (1989, 1996) (dated data) 137
Galician Indo-European, Romance. Official in Galicia, Spain. 3.2 million (2006) 3.2 million (1986) (data dated) 138
Lao Kradai, Tai Official in Laos. Native to Thaeland. 3.2 million (2006) ~19 million Lao-Phutai dialects (including Isan) (data dated) 139
Sukuma Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania 5 million (2006) 3.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 140
Yiddish Indo-European, Germanic, West official in Russia (Jewish Autonomous Oblast) Significant communities in Belarus, Israel, Latvia, Ukraine, USA. 3 million (2006) 3.2 million 141
Jamaican Creole Indo-European, Germanic, West, Creole Jamaica. Significant communities in Panama, Costa Rica 2.8 million (2006) 3.2 million (2001) 142
Piemonteis Indo-European, Italic, North Italy (official in the Piedmont region), Argentina 3.1 million (2000) 3.1 million (2000), might not include speakers in Latin America 143
Kyrgyz Altaic, Turkic, Northwestern, Southern Official in Kyrgyzstan. Native to Tajikistan 3.1 million (2006) 3.1 million (1993 UBS) (dated data) 144
Waray-Waray Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 2.4 million 3.1 native (2000 census), unknown number second language 145
Ewe Niger-Congo, Kwa Official in Togo. National language of Ghana. 2.5 million (2006) 3.1 million native, 500,000 second language, = 3.6 million total (2003) 146
South Bolivian Quechua Quechuan Official in Bolivia, also spoken in Argentina 3,637,500 (ethnologue)sout 147
Lithuanian Indo-European, Baltic Official in Lithuania. Significant communities in Latvia. 4 million (2006) 3.1 million (1998) 148
Luganda Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Major language of Uganda 3.0 million native (1991 census), ~1 million second language (1999 WA), = ~4 million total 149
Lusoga Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Major language of Uganda, official status unclear/pending +/- 3 million native speakers (2002 census), +/- 100,000 second-language speakers (dated data) 150
Acehnese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Indonesia 3 million (2006) ~3 million (1999 WA) 151
Kimbundu Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola ~3 million (1999 WA) 152
Hindko Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Pakistan 2.5 million (2006) ~3 million (1993) (dated data) 153
Ibibio-Efik Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Cross River Efik official in Nigeria 1.5 million (2006) ~3 million, including Anaang (1990; 1998 B. Connell) (dated data) 154
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Rajbangsi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 3.0 million (1991 census) 155
Garhwali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 2.9 million (2000) 156
Bambara Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Mali 2.8 million native, 10 million second language, = 13 million total 157
Hmong Hmong-Mien China. Significant communities in France (French Guiana), Laos, United States (Minnesota, Wisconsin), Vietnam 2.8 million (2006)
~4 million (Lemoine, 2005)
158
Ometo Afro-Asiatic, Omotic Ethiopia 2.8 million, all varieties, including Welayta (1998 census) 159
Indian Sign Language Language isolate (Sign language) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan 2.7 million in India, plus unknown number in Bangladesh, Pakistan (2003). Same language as Pakistani Sign Language 160
Betawi creole Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Creole Indonesia 2.7 million (1993 Johnstone) 161
Karen Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Karenic Myanmar, Thaeland, India 2.6 million, all varieties (dated data) 162
Gondi Dravidian India 2.6 million (1997) 163
Senoufo Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Mali. Native to Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire. 2.6 million, all varieties (1991, 1993, 2001) 164
Kalenjin Nilo-Saharan, East Sudanic, Nilotic Kenya 2.5 million (1989 census) 165
Kumauni Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 2.4 million in India (1998) 166
Kamba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Kenya 2.4 million native, 600,000 second language, = 3.0 million total (1989 census) 167
Luri Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western Iran 2.4 million (1999, 2001) 168
K'iche' Mayan Guatemala 2.3 million (2000 SIL) 169
Kapampangan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 2.3 million (2000 census) 170
Bemba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Zambia 2.2 million (2006)
3.6 million native, unknown number second language (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk)
171
Central Aymara Aymaran Official in Bolivia, Peru. Significant numbers in Argentina. 2.2 million Central Aymara (1987) 172
Tiv Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid Nigeria 2.2 million native, unknown number second language (1991 UBS) 173
Brahui Dravidian Pakistan, Afghanistan 2.2 million 174
Gbaya Niger-Congo, Ubangian Central African Republic, Congo-Kinshasa 2.2 million, all varieties, including Ngbaka (2000 WCD) 175
Zarma Nilo-Saharan, Songhae Official in Niger 2.2 million (1998) 176
Baoulé Niger-Congo, Kwa Côte d'Ivoire 2.1 million (1993 SIL) 177
Dogri Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in India (Jammu and Kashmir states) 2.1 million (1997) 178
Lingala Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa. 2.1 million native (2000 WCD), 7 million second language in Congo-Kinshasa (1999 WA), unknown additional second-language speakers in Congo-Brazzaville, = 9+ million total. According to Britannica (2005 Yearbook) more than 36 million people speak Lingala as lingua franca. 179
Sasak Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Indonesia 2.1 million (1989) 180
Kurux Dravidian India, Nepal 2.1 million (1997) 181
Mundari Austro-Asiatic, Munda India 2.1 million (1997) 182
Dinka Nilo-Saharan, East Sudanic, Nilotic Southern Sudan 2+ million 183
Slovene Indo-European, Slavic, South Slavic Official in Austria, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia. 2.0 million (1991 census) plus minorities in Austria, Croatia, Hungary and Italy; several hundred thousand (100 000 - 200 000) in US, Canada and Australia 184
Batak Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Northern Sumatra Indonesia 2 million (2006)
~6.2 million, all varieties (c. 1991 UBS) (dated data). Includes Toba, Dairi, Simalungun, etc.
185
Macedonian Indo-European, Slavic, South Official in Republic of Macedonia , also sizeable communities in Greece, Bulgaria and Albania 2.0 million (1995) [2] 186
Buyei Kradai, Tai China ~2 million (1990 census) 187
Beti-Pahuin Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Major language of Gabon, Equatorial Guinea. Significant communities in Cameroon, São Tomé and Príncipe. ~2 million. Includes Fang, Ewondo, etc. 188

1 to 2 million native speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi SIL estimate[27] Ranking by number of native speakers
Zazaki Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western Turkey 1.5–2.5 million (all dialects) (1998 Paul) 189
Occitan Indo-European, Romance France, Italy, Spain, Monaco 1,939,000 190
Tulu Dravidian India 1.9 million (1997) 191
Ligurian Indo-European, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Italic Italy, France, Monaco 1,920,848 192
Sidamo Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Ethiopia 1.9 million native, 100,000 second language, = 2.0 million total (1998 census) 193
Bashkir Altaic, Turkic, Northwestern, Northern Official in Russia (Bashkortostan) 1.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 194
Yao Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Malawi, Tanzania, Mozambique ~1.9 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 195
Chuvash Altaic, Turkic Official in Russia (Chuvashia) 1.8 million native, 200,000 second language, = 2.0 million total (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 196
Ijaw (Izon) Niger-Congo, Ijoid languages Indigenous in Nigeria 1.8 million (all varieties) (Izon 1 million) 197
Fon Niger-Congo, Kwa National language of Benin Significant communities in Togo 1.7 million native (2000 Hoddenbagh), unknown number second language 198
SiSwati Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa, Swaziland. Significant communities in Lesotho 1.7 million (1996 census, 1993 Johnstone) 199
Irish Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic Official in the Republic of Ireland; Northern Ireland, Small communities in USA, Canada and Australia 1,656,790 (2006 Irish Census) [3] 200
Latvian Indo-European, Baltic Official in Latvia. Significant communities in Australia, USA, United Kingdom, Ireland, Brazil. 1.6 million[32] 201
Nyankore Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Uganda 1.6 million (1991 census) 202
Makasar Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Indonesia 1.6 million native, 400,000 second language, = 2 million total (1989) 203
Gusii Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Kenya 1.6 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) 204
Khandeshi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 1.6 million (1997) 205
Ndebele Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa. National language of Zimbabwe. 1.6 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 206
Chin Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman Myanmar, India 1.6 million (1990 BAP, 1996 UBS). All varieties, but not including Mizo etc. 207
Limburgish Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic, Meuse-Rhenish Official in Netherlands (as a regional language). Belgium and Germany (no official status) 1.6 million 208
Vlax Romani Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, Albania, Colombia, Hungary 1.5 million 209
Sara Nilo-Saharan, Central Sudanic, Bongo-Bagirmi National language of Chad. Significant communities in Central African Republic. 1.5 million native, all varieties, large number second-language speakers (dated data) 210
Pangasinan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 1.5 million (2000 census) 211
Tonga Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Zambia, Zimbabwe 1.5 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 212
Lampung Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Indonesia ~1.5 million (1981 Wurm and Hattori) 213
Sardinian Indo-European, Romance Official in Italy (Sardinia) ~1.5 million (1977 M. Ibba, Rutgers University) 214
Scots Indo-European, Germanic, West Scotland, Significant communities in Northern Ireland ~1.5 million native (General Register Office for Scotland, 1996) 215
Dong Kradai, Kam-Sui China 1.5 million 216
Mende Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Sierra Leone 1.5 million native, unknown number second language (1987 UBS) 217
Tày Kradai, Kam-Tai, Tai Vietnam 1.5 million in Viet Nam (1999 census) 218
Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, isolate Mexico 1.4 million (all varieties) (dated data) 219
Afar Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti 1.4 million (1998 census) 220
Dagbani Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Ghana 1.4 million, including Kusaal, Mampruli (2004 SIL) 221
Koli Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India, Pakistan 1.4 million, all varieties (some data dated) 222
Chiga Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Uganda 1.4 million (1991 census) 223
Chechen Caucasic, Nakh Official in Russia (Chechnya). 1.33 million (2002 census) 224
Tumbuka Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in Malawi. Significant communities in Zambia 1.3 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 225
Iu Mien Hmong-Mien, Yao China 1.3 million, all varieties (1995 Wang and Mao) 226
Meru Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Kenya 1.3 million (1994 I. Larsen BTL) (dated data) 227
Gogo Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania ~1.3 million (1992 UBS) (dated data) 228
Teso Nilo-Saharan, East Sudanic, Nilotic Uganda. Significant communities in Kenya 1.3 million (1991 census) 229
Meithei Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman Official in India (Manipur) 1.3 million (1997) 230
Tamang Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman Nepal 1.3 million 231
Makonde Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania, Mozambique 1.3 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 232
Bai Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, unclassified China 1.2 million (2003) 233
Tuareg Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Southern Official in Niger. National language of Mali. 1.2 million (1991–1998) 234
Mandinka Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Senegal. Significant communities in Gambia, Guinea-Bissau. 1.2 million (2002) 235
Jula Niger-Congo, Mande Native to Burkina Faso, Significant communities in Côte d'Ivoire ~1.2 million native, 3–4 million second language 236
Temne Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language of Sierra Leone ~1.2 million native, 200,000 second language, = ~1.4 million total (1989 J. Kaiser) 237
Haya Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania ~1.2 million (1991 UBS) 238
Serer Niger-Congo, Atlantic National language of Senegal. Significant communities in Gambia. 1.2 million (2002) 239
Beja Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic or isolate Sudan, Eritrea 1.2 million (1982 SIL) 240
Nyamwezi Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania 1.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 241
Abron Niger-Congo, Kwa Ghana 1.2 million (2003) 242
Alur Nilo-Saharan, East Sudanic, Nilotic Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 1.2 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 243
Sena Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Mozambique, Malawi 1.2 million, all varieties 244
Azande Niger-Congo, Ubangian Congo-Kinshasa, Southern Sudan, Central African Republic 1.1 million (dated data) 245
Walloon Indo-European, Romance Belgium 1.1 million (1998) 246
Anyi Niger-Congo, Kwa Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana 1.2 million (1993 SIL) 247
Malvi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan India 1.1 million (1997) 248
Kinaray-a Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Philippines 1.1 million native (2000 census) 249
Soninke Niger-Congo, Mande National language in Mali, Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia. 1.10 million (1991) 250
Ho Austro-Asiatic, Munda India 1.08 million (1997) 251
Estonian Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finnic Official in Estonia 1.08 million (1989 census) 252
Nyakyusa Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Tanzania, Malawi 1.05 million (1992 UBS) 253
Gwari Niger-Congo, Nupe Nigeria 1.05 million (1991 SIL, 2002 SIL) 254
Lugbara Nilo-Saharan, Central Sudanic, Moru-Madi Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda 1.04 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk, 1983 SIL) 255
Basque Language isolate, Euskadi and Navarre (Spain) and Iparralde (France) Basque Country 1.03 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk, 1983 SIL) 256
Naga Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman India 1.03 million, all varieties (1997) 257
Susu Niger-Congo, Mande National language of Guinea. Significant communities in Sierra Leone. 1.03 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 258
Tausug Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippine Philippines Significant communities in Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah) 1.02 million native (2000 census) 259
Chokwe Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Angola. Significant communities in Congo-Kinshasa 1.01 million (1990 UBS) 260
Kabardian Caucasic, Circassian Official in Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria). Significant communities in Karachay-Cherkessia, Turkey 1.01 million (1993 UBS, 2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 261
Ryūkyū Japonic, Ryūkyūan Japan 1.01 million, all varieties (2000 WCD) 262
Magindanaw Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippine Philippines 1.0 million native (2000 census), unknown number second language 263
Maranao Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippine Philippines 1.0 million native (2000 census) 264
Ancash Quechua Waywash Official in Peru 1.0 million speakers 265
Welsh Indo-European, Celtic, Brythonic Official in Wales Also spoken by isolated abaadis in Argentina and England and United States. 1.0 million speakers 266
Songe Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Congo-Kinshasa ~1 million (1991 WA) 267
Rejang Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Indonesia ~1 million (1981 Wurm and Hattori) 268
Bini Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Edoid Official in Nigeria ~1 million (1999 WA) 269
Ebira Niger-Congo, Nupe Nigeria ~1 million (1989 J. Adive) 270
Dagaare Niger-Congo, Gur National language of Ghana. Significant communities in Burkina Faso. ~1 million (2003) 271
Gujari Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Afghanistan, India, Pakistan 0.99 million (2000 WCD) 272
Tharu Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Nepal 0.99 million, all varieties 273
Venda Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu Official in South Africa 0.96 million (1996 census) 274
Arakanese Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman Myanmar, Bangladesh 0.95 million (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 275

100,000 to 1 million speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers
Yucatán Maya Mayan, Yucatecan, Yucatec-Laca Mexico, Belize 705,000
Ossetic Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Northeastern Spoken in Russia Official in North Ossetia, South Ossetia), Georgia, Turkey ~700,000
Ndonga Bantu Spoken in Namibia, Angola 690,000
Kwanyama Niger-Congo Angola, Namibia 671,000
Mari Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finno-Permic, Finno-Volgaic Russia (Official in Mari El) 600,569
West Frisian Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, Frisian Official in Netherlands (Friesland). 600,000 fluent speakers in 2004
700,000 (Ethnologue 1976)
Avar North Caucasian (disputed), Northeast Caucasian, Avar-Andic Official in Russia's Republic of Dagestan Also spoken in the rest of Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkey ~600,000
Friulian Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian Italy ~600,000
Lozi Niger-Congo Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe 550,000
Udmurt Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finno-Permic, Permic Russia (Official in Udmurtia), Kazakhstan 550,000
Kalmyk Altaic (controversial), Mongolic, Kalmyk-Oirat Spoken in Russia (Kalmykia), China, Mongolia 518,500
American Sign Language Sign Language No official status, used in USA, Canada and Guatemala. Also used in varying degrees in Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong, Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Chad, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Mauritania, Kenya, Madagascar and Zimbabwe. 100,000 to 500,000 in the USA [4]
Breton Indo-European, Celtic, Brythonic Native in Brittany, no official status ≤ 500,000
Erzya Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finno-permic, Finno-Volgaic, Mordvinic Spoken in Russia ~500,000
Maltese Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South Central Official in Malta, European Union. Significant communities in Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and Gibraltar ~500,000
Moksha Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Finno-permic, Finno-Volgaic, Mordvinic Russia (Mordovia) ~500,000
Zapotec Oto-Manguean, Zapotecan Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla Guerrero) Also spoken in USA ~500,000
Fiji Hindi Indo-European Fiji, Australia, New Zealand, USA, Canada 460,000
Fijian Malayo-Polynesian Fiji, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Other Pacific Islands 455,000
Lezgian Northeast Caucasian, Lezgic Spoken in Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan 450,000
Hakha-Chin Sino-Tibetan Burma, India, Bangladesh 446-264
Limbu Sino-Tibetan official in Nepal, India (Sikkim), significant communities in Bhutan, Assam (India) 441,633
Mapudungun language isolate Significant communities in Chile, Argentina 440,000 (ethnologue)
Dargin Caucasian (geographical convention), North (disputed), Northeast Spoken in Dagestan, Russia 439,000
Ingush Caucasian (disputed), North (disputed), Northeast, Nakh, Veinakh (Chechen-Ingush) Spoken in Russia (Ingushetia, Chechnya) 415,000
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, Aztecan, General Aztec, Huasteca Mexico 410,000
Karachay-Balkar Altaic, Turkic, Kypchak, Kypchak-Cuman Official languages of Russian areas of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia 400,000
Buryat Altaic, Mongolic, Northern Mongolia, China, Russia 400,000
Western Huasteca Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, Aztecan, General Aztec, Huasteca Mexico 400,000
Corsican Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Italo-Dalmatian Native in Corsica. 100,000-402,000
Aklanon Austronesian, Borneo-Philippines, Central Philippine, Visayan, Western Visayan, Aklan, Native in the Philippines. 394,545
Dhivehi / Mahl Indo-Aryan Official inThe Maldives, Minicoy Island(India). 379,200
Samoan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian (MP), Nuclear MP Official in Samoa and American Samoa (United States) 370,337
Sakha Altaic, Turkic, Northern Turkic Russia 363,000
Awngi Afro Asiatic, Cushitic, Central Ethiopica (Agew Awi Zone, Amhara Region) 356,980
Irish Gaelic, Celtic, Goidelic Official in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, spoken by communities in the United States, Canada and Australia. 350,000
Komi Uralic, Permic Spoken in Russia (Komi Republic, Perm Krai 350,000
Mazahua Oto-Manguean, Otopamean, Otomian Mexico 350,000
Papiamento Portuguese Creole Official in Netherlands Antilles and Aruba 329,000
Pontic Greek Indo-European, Greek Greece, Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Turkey 324,535
Japanese Sign Language Sign Language no official status 320,000 signers
Icelandic Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Iceland. Small community in Gimli, Manitoba, Canada. 310,000
Wayuu Arawakan, Maipuran, Northern Maipuran, Caribbean Significant communities in Colombia, Venezuela 305,000 (ethnologue)
Aromanian Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern Romance Greece, Albania, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Macedonia 300,000-700,000
Adyghe Caucasian (disputed), North Caucasian (disputed), Northwest Caucasian, Circassian Official in Russia's Republic of Adygea, Significant communities in the rest of Russia, Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Israel, Macedonia, Iraq 300,000
Laz South Caucasian Turkey, Georgia, Germany, Adjaria, Greece 300,000-500,000
Wanka Quechua Quechuan Official in Peru 300,000
Luxembourgish West Central German group of High German languages Official in Luxembourg 300,000
French Sign Language Sign Language spoken in France, no official status. French Sign Language is related to Dutch Sign Language (NGT), German Sign Language (DGS), Flemish Sign Language (VGT), Belgian-French Sign Language (LSFB) Irish Sign Language (ISL), American Sign Language (ASL), and Quebec Sign Language (LSQ). 80,000 - 300,000 signers
Kumyk Altaic, Turkic, Kypchak, Kypchak-Cuman Russia Dagestan 282,000
Nàmá Khoisan, Khoe, Khoekhoe, North Khoekhoe Official in Namibia. 250,000
Central Huasteca Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, Southern Uto-Aztecan, Aztecan, General Aztec, Aztec Mexico 200,000
Kenyan Sign Language Sign Language Kenya ~200,000
Tuvan Altaic, Turkic, Northeastern Mongolia, Russia, China 200,000
Miskito Misumalpan Nicaragua, Honduras 183,400
Navajo Na-Dené, Athabaskan, Southern Athabaskan Spoken in the USA (Arizona, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico) 178,000
Maori Austronesian, Oceanic, Tahitic languages Official language of New Zealand/Aotearoa 165,000 fluent speakers (New Zealand Census, 2006. Statistics New Zealand).
Amis Austronesian Taiwan 137,651
Ngäbere Chibchan, Guaymi Spoken in Panamá 133,092 (1990 Panama Census)
Hererro Niger-Congo Namibia, Botswana 130,000
Chamula Tzotzil Mayan, Cholan-Tzeltalan, Tzeltalan Mexico 130,000
Abkhaz (North Caucasian, linked closely to Indo-European, or possibly related to Hattic) (all disputed)), Northwest Caucasian, Abkhaz-Abaza Georgia, Abkhazia, diasporal communities elsewhere about 125000
Highland Puebla Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, Southern Uto-Aztecan, Aztecan, General Aztec, Aztec Mexico 125,000
Highland Totonac Totonacan, Totonac Mexico 120,000
Lak North Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian Russia (Southern Dagestan) 120,000
Orizaba Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan, Southern Uto-Aztecan, Aztecan, General Aztec, Aztec Mexico 120,000
P'urhépecha Language isolate Mexico Michoacán ~120,000
Tahitian Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian (MP), Central-Eastern MP, Eastern MP, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear Polynesian, Eastern Polynesian, Central E. Polynesian, Tahitic France (French Polynesia) 120,000
Karelian Uralic Russia 118,000
Komi-Permyak Uralic Russia 116,000
Pardhan Gondi No official status, spoken in India 116,919
Franco-Provençal Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian (SIL), Oïl (SIL), SoutheasternTemplate:Dn (SIL) Italy, Switzerland, France ~113,000
Tongan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Eastern Malayo-Polynesian... Official in Tonga 105,319
Bachajón Tzeltal Mayan, Cholan-Tzeltalan, Tzeltalan Mexico 100,000
Ladino Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Spanish Israel, Turkey 109,000
Gilbertese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Eastern, Eastern... Official in Kiribati 102,000
Spanish Sign Language Sign Language Spain more than 100,000 signers
Mezquital Otomi Oto-Manguean, Otopamean, Otomian Mexico, USA 100,000
Tabasaran Northeast Caucasian, Lezgian Russia (Southern Dagestan) 95,905
Mexican Sign Language Sign Language no official status 87,000-100,000 signers
Esperanto Vocabulary from Romance and Germanic languages; phonology from Slavic languages International auxiliary language estimated 100,000 to 2 million fluent speakers

10,000 to 100,000 speakers

[badlo | source ke badlo]
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers
Mara Sino-Tibetan, Kuki-Chin(Central) India- Official in Mara Autonomous District Council and Chin state, Myanmar 94,000
Atayal Austronesian Taiwan 84,330
South Estonian Uralic Estonia 80,000
Altay Altaic, Turkic Russia, Mongolia, China 71,600
Võro Uralic, Baltic-Finnic South Estonian Estonia 70 000
Nogai Altaic, Turkic Russia 67,800
Faroese Indo-European, Germanic, North Official in Faroe Islands. 60,000 - 80,000
Santiago del Estero Quichua Quechuan Spoken in Argentina 66,000 (ethnologue)
Paiwan Austronesian Taiwan 61,000
Chamorro Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian (MP), Nuclear MP, Sunda-Sulawesi USA (Guam, Northern Mariana Islands) 60,000+
Khakas Altaic Russia ~60,000
Scottish Gaelic Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic Official in Scotland. 58,652 speakers. Although 92,400 people aged three and over in Scotland had some Gaelic language ability in 2001[33]
Thae Sign Language Sign Language Thaeland 56,000
Ojibwe Algonquian Canada and northern United States 55,000
Leonese Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Iberian, Leonese, Spain and Portugal 55,000
Kalaallisut Eskimo-Aleut, Inuit Official in Denmark (Greenland) 54,000
Kashubian Indo-European, Slavic, West, Pomeranian Poland 53,000
Quebec Sign Language Sign Language Canada (Quebec) 50,000-60,000
Cree Algonquin Canada, United States 50,000
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers
Sanskrit Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan chiefly India, but also Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal; Used in religious practices in Hinduism. 49,736 fluent speakers (1991 Indian census)
Western Argentine Guaraní Guaranean Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay 48,974 (ethnologue)
Eastern Bolivian Guaraní Tupi, Tupi-Guarani, Subgroup I Official in Bolivia, Also spoken in Argentina 48,974 (ethnologue)
Cook Islands Maori Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian (MP), Central-Eastern MP, Eastern MP, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear Polynesian, Eastern Polynesian, Central E. Polynesian, Tahitic New Zealand (Cook Islands) 42,669
Ticuna Language isolate Peru, Brazil, Colombia 40,000
Meänkieli Dialect of Finnish, Baltic-Finnic, Uralic Sweden 40,000—70,000
Aguaruna Jivaroan Official in Peru 38,290 (2000 WCD)
Bunun Austronesian Taiwan 38,000
Romansh Indo-European, Romance Official in Switzerland. 35,000 native
Rutul Northeast Caucasian Russia, Azerbaijan +30,000
Ladin Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Rhaetian Italy 30,000
Inuktitut Eskimo-Aleut, Inuit Official in Canada ~30,000
Llanito Indo-European, Romance, Germanic, West Vernacular of Gibraltar. Although widely understood in the surrounding Campo de Gibraltar area, in Spain. 30,000 (Ethnologue 2006)
Evenki Altaic, Tungusic Russia, China, Mongolia 29,000
Nenets Uralic Russia 27,273
Mbyá Guaraní Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní (I) Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay 27,000
Sioux Siouan-Catawban, Siouan, Mississippi Valley, Dakotan USA, Canada 26,300
Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz Mataco-Guaicuru Argentina 25,000 (ethnologue)
Asháninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official language of Peru 23,750 - 28,500 (2000 SIL)
Huichol Uto-Aztecan Mexico (Nayarit, Zacatecas, Jalisco) 20,000
Taba Austronesian Indonesia 20,000
Warao Warao Venezuela, Guyana 18,000 (ethnologue)
Nivaclé Mataco-Guaicuru Paraguay 18,200 (ethnologue)
Agul Northeast Caucasian, Lezgian Russia, Azerbaijan 17,373 (1989 Census)
Kaiwá Brazil 15,512 (Ethnologue)
Cherokee Iroquoian, Southern Iroquoian USA (Oklahoma) 15,000-22,000
Northern Sami Uralic Norway, Finland, Sweden 15,000—20,000
Mahl Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Insular Indo-Aryan India 15,000-20,000
Mirandese Indo-European,Italic,Romance,Italo-Western,Gallo-Iberian,Ibero-Romance,West Iberian, Astur-Leonese Portugal 15,000
Tsez North Caucasian Russia 15,000
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay Mataco-Guaicuru Argentina 15,000 (ethnologue)
!Kung Khoisian Namibia, Angola 15,000
Norwegian Sign Language Sign Language Norway 4,000-15,000
Tuamotuan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian... France (French Polynesia) 14,400
South Ucayali Ashéninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official in Peru 13,000
Yaghnobi Eastern Iranian Tajikistan 12,500
South African Sign Language Sign Language South Africa 12,200
Pajonal Ashéninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official in Peru 12,000
Pichis Ashéninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official in Peru 12,000
Khanty Uralic Russia 12,000
Chiripá Tupi, Tupi-Guarani, Subgroup I Brazil, Paraguay 11,500 (ethnologue)
Chayahuita Cahuapanan Official in Peru 11,384 (2000, WCD)
Tuvaluan Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Eastern, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear Polynesian, Samoic, Ellicean Tuvalu, Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, New Zealand 10,670
Aragonese Indo-European, Romance Huesca province (Spain). No official status. 10,000 native, 30,000-50,000 with some knowledge (Dated data)
Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo-Aleut United States (Alaska) ~10,000
North Frisian Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, Frisian Germany (recognized minority language in Nordfriesland) 10,000 (Ethnologue)
Míkmawísimk Eastern Algonquian Canada and United States About 10,000

Below 10,000

[badlo | source ke badlo]

Template:Split section

Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers
Israeli Sign Language Sign Language Israel ~10,000
Shor Altaic Russia 9,800
Zuñi Isolate United States (Arizona) Zuñi pueblo 9,651
Huambisa Jivaroan Spoken in Peru 9,333 (2000 WCD)
Lakota Siouan-Catawban, Siouan, Mississippi Valley, Dakotan, Sioux USA 8,000-9,000
Chukchi Chukotko-Kamchatkan Russia 7,742
Huitotot Bora-Huitoto, Huitoto-Ocaina Official in Peru Also spoken in Colombia 7,378-8,162 (Adelaar, 2004)
Southern Aymara Aymaran Official in Peru Also spoken in Brazil 7,212 (2001 SIL)
Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official in Peru Also spoken in Brazil 7,212
Megleno-Romanian Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern Romance Greece, Romania, Macedonia 5,000-12,000
Veps Uralic Russia 6,355
Western Desert Language Pama-Nyungan Australia 6,103 (Ethnologue)
Flemish Sign Language Sign Language Belgium (Flanders and Brussels-Capital Region) 6,000
Perené Ashéninka Arawakan, Maipuran, Southern Maipuran, Pre-Andine Official in Peru 5,500
Achuar-Shiwiar Jivaroan Official in Peru, Also spoken in Ecuador 5,000
Cashibo-Cacataibo Panoan Peru 5,000 (Ethnologue, 1999)
Finnish Sign Language Sign Language Finland 5,000 (estimate)
Dolgan Altaic Russia ~5,000
Saisiyat Austronesian Taiwan 4,750
Rapa Nui (Easter Islander) Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Eastern, Eastern, Oceanic, Central-Eastern, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East, Polynesian, Nuclear Polynesian, Eastern Polynesian Chile (Rapa Nui (Easter Island)) 4,650
!Xóõ Khoisian Namibia, Botswana 4,200
Ajyíninka Apurucayali Arawakan, Maipuran Official in Peru 4,000
Akhvakh Northeast Caucasian Russia (Dagestan) 3,500
Koryak Chukotko-Kamchatkan Russia 3,019
Jaqaru Aymaran Official in Peru 3,009
Candoshi-Shapra Language Isolate Official in Peru 3,000 (1991, SIL)
Yague Peba-Yaguan Official in Peru 3,000-4,000 (dated)
Kala Lagaw Ya Pama-Nyungan Australia 3,000-4,000
Khinalug Northeast Caucasian languages Azerbaijan 1,500 ~ 4,000
Ludic Uralic Russia (Karelia) 3,000
Inupiaq Aleut Canada 3,500
Mansi Uralic Russia Khantia-Mansia 3,184
Carolinian Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Eastern, Eastern, Oceanic, Central-Eastern, Remote Oceanic, Micronesian, Micronesian Proper, Ponapeic-Trukic United States Official in Northern Mariana Islands 3,000
Warlpiri Pama-Nyungan Australia 3,000
Godoberi Northeast Caucasian Russia (Dagestan) 3,000
Murui Huitoto Witotoan, Witoto, Witoto Proper, Minica-Murui Official in Peru, also spoken in Colombia 2,900 (SIL, 1995)
Bora Witotan Official in Peru Also spoken in Colombia 2,828
Saterland Frisian
(East Frisian)
Indo-European, Germanic, West Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, Frisian Germany (recognized minority language in Saterland, East Frisia) 2,250
11,000 (Ethnologue)
Kven Uralic Norway 2,000-8,000
Cashinahua Panoan Official in Peru Also spoken in Brazil 2,000
Inuinnaqtun Aleut Canada 2,000
Lule Sami Uralic Norway, Sweden 2,000
Arrernte Pama-Nyungan Australia 1,500
Manx Gaelic Indo-European, Celtic, Goidelic Isle of Man 1,750
Minica Huitoto Witotoan Official in Peru, Also spoken in Colombia 1,705 (2000 WCD)
Selkup Uralic Russia (Yamalia) 1,570
Culina Arauan Official in Peru Also spoken in Brazil 1,303
Chipaya Uru-Chipaya Official in Peru 1,200
She Hmong-Mien China 1,200
Chickasaw Muskogean United States 1,000
Walmajarri Pama-Nyungan Australia 1,000
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively by more than 1% of the abaadi Number of speakers
Ottoman Altaic-Turkic Turkey 900
Kildin Sami Uralic Russia (Murmansk Oblast, Karelia) 500
Nganasan Uralic Russia (Taymyria) 500
Southern Sami Uralic Sweden, Norway 500
Inari Sami Uralic Finland 400
Skolt Sami Uralic Finland, Russia (Karelia) 400
Ingrian Uralic Russia (Ingria) 300
Washo Hokan United States (Washoe County, Nevada) 252[34]
Comanche Uto-Aztecan United States (Oklahoma) 200
Hinukh Northeast Caucasian Russia (Dagestan) 200
Livonian Uralic Latvia (Livonia) 150
Tobian Trukic Palau (In the states of Hatohobei and Sonsorol and in the southern areas of Palau) ≥100
Enets Uralic Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai) 70
Pitkern (Or Pitcairnese) Caribbean Creole Pitcairn Island (and New Zealand) ≥70
Manchu Altaic Northern China (Heilongjian province), Southern Russia ≥60
Pite Sami Uralic Sweden, Norway 20
Ume Sami Uralic Sweden, Norway 20
Votic Uralic Russia ≥20
Kayardild Pama-Nyungan Australia <10
Ter Sami Uralic Russia (Murmansk Oblast) 10

Duusra websites

[badlo | source ke badlo]

References

[badlo | source ke badlo]
  1. "Ethnologue". SIL Haley. line feed character in |publisher= at position 4 (help)
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People". Microsoft Encarta 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-03-04. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Ranking by Mean Average of the two estimates (Encarta and Ethnologue)
  4. http://www.krysstal.com/spoken.html The 30 Most Spoken Languages of the World
  5. ethnologue (2000). "Hindi". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (14th ed.). Ethnolouge. Text "HINDI: a language of India" ignored (help)
  6. Curtis, Andy. Color, Race, And English Language Teaching: Shades of Meaning. 2006, page 192.
  7. "Spanish Language - MSN Encarta". Archived from the original on 2009-08-20. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
  8. Ethnologue - 1999 WA--source for the second figure)
  9. Instituto Cervantes ("El Mundo" news)
  10. http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=arb
  11. http://listverse.com/miscellaneous/top-10-most-spoken-languages-in-the-world/
  12. 12.0 12.1 "Europeans and Languages" (PDF). European Commission. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  13. ethnologue (2000). "French". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (14th ed.). Ethnolouge. Text "FRENCH: a language of France" ignored (help)
  14. "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2011-06-23. Retrieved 2009-08-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-09. Retrieved 2009-08-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2011-02-17. Retrieved 2009-08-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2010-11-14. Retrieved 2010-11-14.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement4.htm
  19. Top 30 Language Spoken in the World by Number of Speakers
  20. 20.0 20.1 Ethnologue, Languages of the World
  21. 21.0 21.1 "Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People". Microsoft Encarta 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-03-04. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  22. sum of 10 dialects; 43 million if all of Southwestern Iranian is included.[1]
  23. 2006 CIA Factbook: Iran Archived 2012-02-03 at the Wayback Machine 39 M (58%), Afghanistan Archived 2020-06-20 at the Wayback Machine 15 M (50%), Tajikistan Archived 2007-06-12 at the Wayback Machine 5.8 M (80%), Uzbekistan Archived 2019-01-05 at the Wayback Machine 1.2 M (4.4%)
  24. The Latin Union reports 28 million speakers for Romanian, out of whom 24 million are native speakers of the language: Latin Union - The odyssey of languages: ro, es Archived 2011-04-14 at the Wayback Machine, fr, it, pt; see also Ethnologue report for Romanian
  25. http://ling.cass.cn/fangyan/dituji/LANGUAGE%20ATLAS%20OF%20CHINA.html Archived 2011-08-05 at the Wayback Machine The abaadi of Gan speakers is 48 million
  26. "Het Nederlandse taalgebied" (in Dutch). Taalpeil. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  27. 27.0 27.1 27.2 Microsoft Encarta 2006, Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People Archived 2007-03-04 at the Wayback Machine.
  28. Народы и языки Российской Федерации. статистикаTemplate:Fix/category[dead link]Template:Ru icon
  29. Ethnologue 14 on Tatar (version 15 gives data obviously invompatible with this and the next shown source)
  30. Народы и языки Российской Федерации. СтатистикаTemplate:Fix/category[dead link]Template:Ru icon
  31. Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. "Ethnologue Report for Pahari-Potwari." Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
  32. Ethnologue: Latvian
  33. "News Release - Scotland's Census 2001 - Gaelic Report" Archived 2013-05-22 at the Wayback Machine from General Registrar for Scotland website, 10 October 2005. Retrieved 27 December 2007
  34. Language Map Data Center