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Hydrofluoric acid

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Hydrofluoric acid
Baw-an-stick model o hydrogen fluoride
Baw-an-stick model o hydrogen fluoride
Baw-an-stick model o watter
Baw-an-stick model o watter
Baw-an-stick model o the fluoride anion
Baw-an-stick model o the fluoride anion
Baw-an-stick model o the hydronium cation
Baw-an-stick model o the hydronium cation
Names
Ither names
Fluorhydric acid
Hydronium fluoride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
EC Nummer 231-634-8
RTECS nummer MW7875000
UNII
Properties
HF
Molar mass nae applicable
(see hydrogen fluoride)
Appearance Colourless solution
Density 1.15 g/mL (for 48% soln.)
Meltin pynt Nae applicable
(see hydrogen fluoride)
Bylin pynt Nae applicable
(see hydrogen fluoride)
Miscible.
Acidity (pKa) 3.17[1]
Hazards
Safety data sheet duPont MSDS
EU clessification Very Toxic T+ Corrosive C
R-phrases R26/27/28, R35
S-phrases (S1/2), S7/9, S26, S36/37, S45
NFPA 704
Flash pynt Non-flammable
Relatit compoonds
Ither anions
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrobromic acid
Hydroiodic acid
Relatit compoonds
Hydrogen fluoride
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Hydrofluoric acid is a solution o hydrogen fluoride (HF) in watter. It is a precursor tae awmaist aw fluorine compoonds, includin pharmaceuticals sic as fluoxetine (Prozac), diverse materials sic as PTFE (Teflon), an elemental fluorine itsel. It is a colourless solution that is heichly corrosive, capable o dissolvin mony materials, especially oxides. Its ability tae dissolve gless haes been kent syne the 17t century, even afore Carl Wilhelm Scheele prepared it in lairge quantities in 1771.[2] Acause o its heich reactivity taewart gless an moderate reactivity taewart mony metals, hydrofluoric acid is uisually stored in plastic containers (awtho PTFE is slichtly permeable tae it).[3]

Hydrogen fluoride gas is an acute pushion that mey immediately an permanently damage buffs an the corneas o the een. Aqueous hydrofluoric acid is a contact-pushion wi the potential for deep, ineetially painless burns an ensuin tissue daith. Bi interferin wi bouk calcium metabolism, the concentratit acid mey an aa cause seestemic toxicity an eventual cardiac arrest an fatality, efter contact wi as little as 160 cm2 (25 squerr inches) o skin.

References

[eedit | eedit soorce]
  1. Harris, Daniel C. (2010). Quantitative Chemical Analysis (8th international ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman. pp. AP14. ISBN 1429263091.
  2. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. p. 921. ISBN 0-08-022057-6. Cite has empty unkent parameter: |1= (help)
  3. Aigueperse, J. et al. (2005) "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_307