Max Zaritsky
Max Zaritsky | |
|---|---|
| Born | April 15, 1885 |
| Died | May 10, 1959 (aged 74) Boston, Massachusetts, USA |
| Nationality | American |
| Organization | United Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union |
| Known for | Founder of United Hatters, Cap, and Millinery Workers International Union |
| Political party | American Labor Party, Liberal Party of New York State |
| Movement | Socialist |
| Spouse | Sophia Pilavin Zaritsky |
Max Zaritsky (1885–1959) was an American union leader of the United Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union (UHCMW) as well as co-founder of both the American Labor Party and Liberal Party of New York State.[1][2][3][4][5]
Background
[edit]
Max Zaritsky was born on April 15, 1885, in Petrikov, Russian Empire. His father was a rabbi. In 1906, he immigrated to the US at age 21.[1][2][3][4]
Career
[edit]Union leadership
[edit]Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union
[edit]In 1906, Zaritsky got a job in a hat and cap factory in Boston.[2] In 1911, he became general secretary of the millinery union. In 1919, he became president of the Cloth Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers Union.[3] In 1934, the Cloth Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers Union merged with the United Hatters of North America union to form the United Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union (UHCMW), headquartered in New York, and in 1936, Zaritsky became its president.[1][2][4]
Zaritsky ousted Communist influence from his union.[3]
CIO
[edit]In 1935, United Mine Workers president John L. Lewis formed a "more militant"[6] group within the American Federation of Labor (AFL) called the Committee for Industrial Organizations. He formed it with Zaritsky of UHCMW, Sidney Hillman, head of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America; David Dubinsky, President of the ILGWU, Thomas McMahon, head of the United Textile Workers; John Sheridan of the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers Union; and Harvey Fremming of the Oil Workers Union. They announced the committee's creation on November 9, 1935,[7] and in 1938, after the AFL revoked the charters of these members, they formed the Congress for Industrial Organizations (CIO).[8]
Zaritsky opposed the CIO's break from the AFL and, with David Dubinsky, initiated a "peace move" between the nascent CIO and its AFL parent.[1][9]
Political leadership
[edit]American Labor Party
[edit]In 1936, Zaritsky had joined Sidney Hillman and John L. Lewis in forming the Labor Non-Partisan League (LNPL), which formed the basis of the American Labor Party (ALP),[10] making Zaritsky an ALP co-founder.[1][3][4]
Liberal Party of New York
[edit]In 1944, Zaritsky co-founded the ALP split-off of the Liberal Party of New York.[1][3]
Later life
[edit]In 1950, Zaritsky retired after 39 years as a labor union official, succeeded by Alex Rose, also a co-founder of the ALP and Liberal Party.[1][2]
Zaritsky also lectured to colleges and schools on labor issues.[1]
Personal life and death
[edit]Zaritsky married Sophie Pilavin.[1]
Zaritsky was a Labor Zionist[3][4] and served as treasurer of the National Labor Committee for Palestine[2] as well as the National Committee for a Leon Blum Colony in Palestine[4] (whose patrons included Herbert H. Lehman, Fiorello H. LaGuardia, Abraham Cahan, Albert Einstein, Felix Frankfurter, Israel Goldstein, Julian W. Mack, Edward F. McGrady, and Robert F. Wagner and whose officers included Rose Schneiderman and Lucy Lang[11]).
Max Zaritsky died age 74 on May 10, 1959, in Boston, Massachusetts, after leaving New York City two years earlier.[1] He is buried in the Mount Carmel Cemetery of Queens, New York.[1][2][5]
In 1991, American Heritage magazine carried a reminiscence of Zaritsky.[12]
Legacy
[edit]At his death in 1959, The New York Times declared, "Although his union had only 40,000 members, Mr. Zaritsky won a position of major influence in labor's affairs."[1] His papers are at the Tamiment Library at New York University.[4]
See also
[edit]- United Hatters, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union
- United Hatters of North America
- Committee for Industrial Organizations
- American Labor Party
- Liberal Party of New York
- Alex Rose (labor leader)
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Max Zaritsky, 74, of Hatters Union; Retired Labor Leader Dies -- Was a Founder in 1944 of the Liberal Party". The New York Times. 11 May 1959. p. 27. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Max Zaritsky, Leading American Jewish Labor Leader, Dead; Was 74". Jewish Telegraph Agency. 12 May 1959. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g Zaritsky, Max. Encyclopaedia Judaica. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g Guide to the Max Zaritsky Papers TAM.006. Tamiment Library. 6 April 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b "Other Deaths". Jewish Post. 15 May 1959. p. 16. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ "The CIO". Jewish Currents. 7 November 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ Phelan, Craig (1989). William Green: Biography of a Labor Leader. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780887068706.
- ^ "About Us". United Steelworkers Local 351L. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "Split in the American Labor Movement". Congressional Quarterly. 11 November 1936. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ Arnesen, Eric (2007). Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-class History, Volume 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 90. ISBN 9780415968263. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "Founder's Dinner" (PDF). Leon Blum Colony in Palestine. 7 October 1938. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "History on My Block". American Heritage. August 1991. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
External sources
[edit]- Tamiment Library: Guide to the Max Zaritsky Papers TAM.006
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania: Max Zaritsky at fifty; the story of an aggressive labor leadership
- Howard, Adam M. (2017). Sewing the Fabric of Statehood: Garment Unions, American Labor, and the Establishment of the State of Israel. University of Illinois Press. p. 154. ISBN 9780252050060. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- Images:
- Historic Images: Max Zaritsky (1936)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
- 1885 births
- 1959 deaths
- Belarusian Jews
- Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
- American people of Belarusian-Jewish descent
- American Labor Party politicians
- Liberal Party of New York politicians
- American trade union leaders
- Jewish American people in New York (state) politics
- Trade unionists from New York (state)
- Jewish American trade unionists
- UNITE HERE
- Activists from New York City
- American milliners