Quibdó
Quibdó | |
|---|---|
Municipality an toun | |
 Banner  Seal | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 5°41′32″N 76°39′29″W / 5.69222°N 76.65806°W | |
| Kintra |  Colombie |
| Region | Paceefic Region |
| Depairtment | Chocó |
| Foondit | 1648 |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Zulia Maria Mena Garcia |
| Area | |
| • Total | 3337.5 km2 (1,288.6 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 43 m (141 ft) |
| Population (2012) | |
| • Total | 126,384 |
| • Density | 38/km2 (98/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-05 (Colombie Staundart Time) |
| Area code(s) | 57 + 4 |
| Website | Offeecial wabsteid (in Spaingie) |
Quibdó is the caipital ceety o Chocó, in wastren Colombie, on the Atrato River. The municipality o Quibdó haes an aurie o 3,337.5 km² an a population o 100,000 [1] mainly consistin o Afro-Colombies an Zambo Colombies. [2]
History
[eedit | eedit soorce]In prehistoric times the Chocó rainforest servit as a major barrier isolatin the Mesoamerican an Andean ceevilisations, an the extremely humid climate failed tae attract the Spainyie colonists an aw. The region wis eventually grantit bi the Embera Indians tae the Franciscan order in 1648, but subsequent attacks bi hostile tribes meant attempts at dounset wur abandoned,[3] anerlie tae be established again sax years later.
It wis no till the nineteent century whan thare wis interest in findin a shippin route atween the Atlantic an Paceefic Oceans tae avoid travelin via the Straits o Magellan that the Chocó region again became o significant interest tae European colonial pouers, as the Atrato River Valley wis thocht the best possibility for this purpose bi the splorer Alexander von Humboldt;[4] housomeivver it wis eventually shelvit in favour o the Panama Canal. At the same time research on uisin the Chocó tae connect the Paceefic an Atlantic wis bein carriet oot, gowd an platinum wur discovered in the Atrato Valley[4] an this ensured Quibdó’s growthe an status as the chief toun in the region.
Anither crucial development at this time wis the muivement o freed black slaves intae the Chocó, primarily engagin in shiftin cultivation tae cowp wi the extreme leachin frae the super-humid climate, tho fishin an the collection o forest products helpit these groups maintain thair liveliheid an aw.[5] These black commonties established trade wi hieland ceeties such as Medellín via rough mule trails that lastit till the 1950s,[6] efter which a combination o population growthe an declinin values for the region’s naitural resoorces gradually turned the region an especially Quibdó.
Climate
[eedit | eedit soorce]Quibdó haes an extremely wet an cloudy tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af) athoot noticeable saisons an bi a lairge margin the heaviest rainfaw o ony ceety o its size or greater - the wettest ceety o lairger size, Monrovia in Liberie, receives a whoppin 3 metre (120 in) less nor Quibdó. The extreme rainfaw is due tae the fact that the Andes tae the east o the ceety block the wasterly winds driven bi the Intertropical Convergence Zone which throuoot the year, awin tae the Humboldt Current aff the wast coast o Sooth Americae, remains centred in the north o the continent at Quibdó’s langitudes. The result is that the extremely unstable ascendin air frae the Intertropical Convergence Zone is consistently forcit tae rise ower the Chocó plain an as it ceuls it gies up enormous quantities o moistur.
Rain faws amaist ivery day in intense thunnerstorms, an sunny periods seldom last mair nor a few oors efter sunrise.
| Climate data for Quibdó (Aeropuerto El Caraño) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record heich °C (°F) | 36.6 (97.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.4 (95.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.0 (95.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.8 (98.2) |
35.4 (95.7) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.8 (94.6) |
35.4 (95.7) |
35.6 (96.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Average heich °C (°F) | 30.1 (86.2) |
30.2 (86.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.7 (87.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.2 (86.4) |
29.6 (85.3) |
30.6 (87.0) |
| Average law °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
| Record law °C (°F) | 19.0 (66.2) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.6 (67.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
| Average rainfaw mm (inches) | 579.3 (22.81) |
505.4 (19.90) |
526.1 (20.71) |
654.6 (25.77) |
776.2 (30.56) |
761.6 (29.98) |
802.6 (31.60) |
851.7 (33.53) |
702.4 (27.65) |
654.0 (25.75) |
728.1 (28.67) |
588.5 (23.17) |
8,130.5 (320.1) |
| Average rainy days | 24 | 21 | 22 | 25 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 304 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 88 | 86 | 86 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 87 |
| Mean monthly sunshine oors | 90.5 | 83.4 | 85.6 | 92.9 | 112.5 | 114 | 135.1 | 132.7 | 112.7 | 116.7 | 112.2 | 88.1 | 1,276.4 |
| Source: INSTITUTO DE HIDROLOGIA METEOROLOGIA Y ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES[7] | |||||||||||||
References
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ http://www.citypopulation.de/Colombia.html
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 6 October 2012. Retrieved 20 Februar 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "Colombia History - History of Quibdó". Archived frae the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 20 Februar 2013.
- ↑ a b Kelley, Frederick M.; Kennish, William and Serrell, Edward Wellman; The Practicability and Importance of a Ship Canal to Connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with a History of the Enterprise; published 1855 By George F. Nisbett
- ↑ Asher, Kiran; Black and Green; Afro-Colombians, development and Nature in the Pacific Lowlands; p. 36. ISBN 978-0-8223-4483-4
- ↑ Zarsky, Lyuba; Human Rights and the Environment: Conflicts and Norms in a Globalizing World; pp. 177-178. ISBN 1-85383-815-2
- ↑ Clima: Climatografía de la principales ciudades
