Shineemada Afrika
Shineemada Afrika waa labadaba taariikhda iyo wakhtiga la joogo samaynta ama daawashada filimada qaaradda Afrika, waxayna sidoo kale tixraacaysaa dadka ku lugta leh qaabkan dhaqanka maqalka ah. Waxay dib ugu noqotaa horraantii qarnigii 20-aad, markii filimku uu ahaa tignoolajiyada shaleemada ee aasaasiga ah ee la isticmaalo. Intii lagu jiray xilligii gumeysiga, nolosha Afrika waxaa lagu muujiyay kaliya shaqada caddaanka, gumeysiga, filim sameeyayaasha reer galbeedka, kuwaas oo Afrikaanka u sawiray qaab xun, sida "kuwa kale".[1] Maaddaama ay jiraan in ka badan 50 waddan oo leh caadooyin maqal-muuqaal ah, ma jiro hal 'shaneemo Afrikaan' ah. Taariikh ahaan iyo dhaqan ahaanba, waxa jira farqi weyn oo heer gobol ah oo u dhexeeya shineemooyinka Waqooyiga Afrika iyo kuwa Saxaraha ka hooseeya, iyo inta u dhaxaysa shineemooyinka wadamo kala duwan.[1]
Shineemada Tunisiya iyo Shineemada Tunisiya ayaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu da'da weyn adduunka. Pioneers Auguste iyo Louis Lumière ayaa filimadooda ku daawaday Al iskandariya, Qaahira, Tunis, Soussa iyo Hammam-Lif sanadkii 1896.[2][3] Shaneemada Masar waxay kobcaysay 1940-meeyadii, 1950-meeyadii iyo 1960-meeyadii, iyadoo loo tixgeliyey xilligii dahabiga ahaa.[4]
Warshadaha filimada Nayjeeriya waa kuwa ugu weyn Afrika marka loo eego tirada mugga filimada sannadlaha ah, dakhliga iyo caannimada.[5][6] Sidoo kale waa warshadda filimada labaad ugu weyn adduunka.[7] Sannadkii 2016, warshadaha filimada ee Nayjeeriya waxay gacan ka geysteen 2.3% wax soo saarka guud ee dalka (GDP).[7]
Liiska shineemada gobol ahaan
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Waqooyiga Afrika
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Galbeedka Afrika
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- Shineemada Burkina Faso
- Shineemada Mauritania
- Shineemada Gaana
- Cinema of Liberia
- Shineemada Nayjar
- Shineemada Nayjeeriya
- Shineemada Senegaal
- Cinema of Togo
Afrikada Dhexe
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- Shineemada Angola
- Cinema of Cameroon
- Shineemada Jamhuuriyada Dimuqaraadiga Kongo
Bariga Afrika
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- Shineemada Suudaan
- Shineemada Eratareya
- Shineemada Itoobiya
- Shineemada Jabuuti
- Shineemada Soomaaliya
- Shineemada Kenya
- Shineemada Tansaaniya
- Shineemada Yugandha
Koonfur Afrika
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- Shineemada Malaawi
- Shineemada Namibiya
- Shineemada Koonfur Afrika
- Shineemada Botswana
- Shineemada Madagaskar
Tix
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hayward, Susan. "Third World Cinemas: African Continent" in Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts (Third Edition). Routledge, 2006. p. 426-442
- ↑ Leaman, Oliver (2003-12-16). Routledge. ISBN 9781134662524 https://books.google.com/books?id=LmSFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA23. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ . Bibliotheca Alexandrina's AlexCinema https://www.bibalex.org/alexcinema/historical/beginnings.html. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20171125070157/http://eng.babelmed.net/dossier/120-egypt/6913-the-golden-age-of-egyptian-cinema-the-1940s-to-1960s.html. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2017-11-25. Soo qaatay 2017-10-06. Barameter aan la aqoon
|url-status=ignored (caawin); Maqan ama ebar|title=(caawin) - ↑ . United Nations. 2009-05-05 https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=30707. Soo qaatay 2013-03-26. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ . May 15, 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100518123107/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/nigerias-nollywood-eclipsing-hollywood-in-africa-1974087.html. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original May 18, 2010. Soo qaatay 2010-11-24. Barameter aan la aqoon
|url-status=ignored (caawin); Maqan ama ebar|title=(caawin) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 (PDF). July 2017 https://www.pwc.com/ng/en/assets/pdf/spolight-the-nigerian-film-industry.pdf. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin)