Sirex

Sirex
	Sirex noctilio
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Siricidae
Genus:	Sirex; Linnaeus, 1760
Species
	see text

Sirex is a genus of wasps in the family Siricidae, the horntails or wood wasps. Their bodies are black with a dark blue or green metallic refelction with some species having reddish-brown portions.^[1]

They inject eggs with fungal endosymbionts into wood. The larvae of Sirex are unable to digest the wood on their own and rely on the fungus for nutrition, either eating the fungus or wood partially digested by the fungus. Female Sirex have a mycangium which is used to carry arthrospores of the fungus.^[2]

The genus includes economically important pests; S. noctilio, known simply as the 'Sirex woodwasp' is an invasive species, having spread widely across the world from its original range.^[3]

Species

Sirex abietinus Goulet, 2012
Sirex areolatus (Cresson, 1868)
Sirex atricornis Kjellander, 1945
Sirex behrensii (Cresson, 1880)
Sirex californicus (Ashmead, 1904)
Sirex carinthiacus Konow, 1892
Sirex cinctus Drury, 1773
Sirex cyaneus Fabricius, 1781
Sirex ermak (Semenov, 1921)
Sirex hispaniola Goulet, 2012
Sirex imperialis W.F.Kirby, 1882
Sirex juvencus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sirex longicauda Middlekauff, 1948
Sirex melanopoda Benson, 1965
Sirex mexicanus Smith, 2012
Sirex mongolorum (Semenov)
Sirex nigricornis Fabricius, 1781
Sirex nitidus (Harris, 1841)
Sirex nitobei Matsumura
Sirex noctilio Fabricius, 1793
Sirex obesus Bradley, 1913
Sirex piceus G.Xiao & Wu, 1983
Sirex pygmaeus Linnaeus, 1767
Sirex sinicus Maa
Sirex tianshanicus (Semenov)
Sirex torvus Harris, 1779
Sirex varipes Walker, 1866
Sirex vates Mocsáry
Sirex xerophilus Schiff, 2012

References

^ Schiff, Nathan M.; Goulet, Henri; Smith, David R.; Boudreault, Caroline; Wilson, A. Dan; Scheffler, Brian E. (2012). "Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere". Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 21:1-305. 21: 120.
^ Hajek, Ann E.; Nielsen, Charlotte; Kepler, Ryan M.; Long, Stefan J.; Castrillo, Louela (2013). "Fidelity Among Sirex Woodwasps and Their Fungal Symbionts". Microbial Ecology. 65 (3): 753–762. doi:10.1007/s00248-013-0218-z. ISSN 0095-3628. PMC 3622004. PMID 23532503.
^ Hurley, B. P., et al. (2007). A comparison of control results for the alien invasive woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in the southern hemisphere. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 9(3), 159–71.

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[1] Schiff, Nathan M.; Goulet, Henri; Smith, David R.; Boudreault, Caroline; Wilson, A. Dan; Scheffler, Brian E. (2012). "Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere". Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 21:1-305. 21: 120.

[2] Hajek, Ann E.; Nielsen, Charlotte; Kepler, Ryan M.; Long, Stefan J.; Castrillo, Louela (2013). "Fidelity Among Sirex Woodwasps and Their Fungal Symbionts". Microbial Ecology. 65 (3): 753–762. doi:10.1007/s00248-013-0218-z. ISSN 0095-3628. PMC 3622004. PMID 23532503.

[Hurley-3] Hurley, B. P., et al. (2007). A comparison of control results for the alien invasive woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in the southern hemisphere. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 9(3), 159–71.

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