Talk:Electroporation

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Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 20:24, 16 January 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Microlitres

The statement that electroporation cuvettes hold 400 microlitres may mean little to some readers, I suggest that a qualifier in millilitres (a far more universally understood measurement) be added for those users perhaps unfamiliar with microlitres. However as electroporation is quite a specialist topic the knowledge of microlitres may be assumed in which case I might be blowing hot air. Suggestions? --Marshmellis 07:37, 3 November 2007 (UTC)[reply]

I don't think anyone unfamiliar with the concept of a microliter would have any business researching electroporation, but I'm adding a link to the relevant article just in case.

Anyone who knows what a milliliter is will know what a micro-liter is. That is a ridiculous comment. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.121.81.82 (talk • contribs) 03:22, 16 February 2009

Sources! Ou sont les sources!?

Come on, source-less articles become very much less usable when you're doing any serious work. Why doesn't this article have any?

injection method

I believe electroporation is also the basis for an experimental method of intramuscular injection. Or at least, there is an experimental injection method called electroporation, which may or may not actually be related to this. Does anyone know anything about this? 152.130.6.130 (talk) 17:08, 5 December 2007 (UTC)[reply]

Research has been done with a view to getting drugs to defuse directly into the target organ. It is not a practice alternative to a hypodermic syringe though. I have seen good description (with diagrams) of this but off hand I can't remember where. It would be useful to add more detail but its is still and exclusively, a very experimental technique. --Aspro (talk) 17:08, 7 December 2007 (UTC)[reply]

Yes there are devices on the medical market called no needle mesotherapy that are used to administrate substances without needle. For example for lypolisis, wrinkle and flaccidity treatments, also in physiotherapy. I bought the one from Oxynergy Paris the Oxynergy Enhancer it's great. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.41.95.109 (talk) 08:58, 9 September 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Wrong Electrical Model of the Process?

From one side we have a specific transmembrane voltage threshold from 0.5V to 1V and from the other side we have "Several hundred volts across a distance of several millimeters are typically used in this process". From one side electrical field is mentioned and from the other side we speak of conductivity of suspension, e.g. of electrolythic currents.

As it is well known, electric field acts upon electrostatic charges without any conductivity media. With electroporation this is not the case - electrodes have to be immersed in the suspension, in other words, the process involve current. When currents are involved, the voltage drops on the elements of the system are proportional to their resistance. This means that the output resistance of the electroporator can be a signifficant factor, as well as the electric resistannce of the suspension. The actual voltage of the process should be measured on the electrodes. If it is much higher than specific transmembrane voltage of the cells, then we should expect ionisation in the suspension and porations caused rather by ion bombardment than by the field itself.

I can recommend more consultations with electrical specialists on the model and consecuently - on the effectiveness of the electroporation process. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Edal (talk • contribs) 17:04, 21 November 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Forgive me, what changes are you proposing be made to the article? -Verdatum (talk) 22:29, 21 November 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Dear Verdatum, I have made some minor changes to the article, which reflect some of the recent advances in the technology of electroporation. I propose further changes as follows:

1. Inclusion of more more references on technical details on the porator devices, e.g. technical characteristics: output voltages, output currents, output inpedance, electrical diagrams, pulse forms and timings.

2. Inclusion of references on electrical properties of the suspencion: electric conductivity, breakdown voltage.

3. Realistic system layout, including electroporator device, cuvette, and trimming devices (buffer resistors, shunts, etc.)

This additional information can serve for creation of adequate electrical model and further further optimization of the process. Friendly regards, Edal 25 Nov, 2008

I don't know about serving for "further optimization of the process", people can do whatever they like with what they learn from an article. Everything else sounds lovely. Sources are always a good thing to add. -Verdatum (talk) 17:42, 25 November 2008 (UTC)[reply]

New Related term, sonoporation

I added a new term just now: sonoporation. This is similar to electroporation so maybe take a look. I am not an expert at wikipedia citing so my initial entry may have some mistakes. Cheers Jcline0 (talk) 08:42, 1 December 2008 (UTC)[reply]

I'm seeking comment on a related entry

Anyone have thoughts or comments on this, User:Nerdseeksblonde/Marchywka_Effect

it would be my first contribution. I wanted to do something I know about but obviously this specific topic may have a lot of issues. Thanks. Nerdseeksblonde (talk) 21:53, 4 January 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Introduction too long?

For an article of this length, I think a four paragraph introduction is too long. The intro should just be a summary of the rest of the article, it shouldn't really present exclusive information. I don't want to step on any toes, but I think a lot of that content should be distributed to the other sections. Any objections? --MDougM (talk) 20:37, 8 February 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Medical applications

The medical application section was outdated. I have added the electrochemotherapy and gene transfer applications. Comments welcome! Cheers, Matevž Leskovšek Slovenia —Preceding unsigned comment added by Leskovsek (talk • contribs) 15:38, 21 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]

I have updated it further, although I imagine my updates will soon need further edits as the technology advances... DoctorEric (talk) 00:12, 9 July 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Introductory Sentence Uses "Electroporation" Incorrectly

Electroporation is "the application of an electric current to a living surface (as the skin or the plasma membrane of a cell)," i.e., the procedure, the technique. The introductory sentence sounds as though "electroporation" is the state that results from the procedure.Multiplepov (talk) 17:09, 25 August 2011 (UTC)[reply]

Merger of Gene electrotransfer and Electroporation

Both cover the same topic. Both contain useful information should should be integrated. Electroporation is by far the more common term. Happy to hear disagreement if there's some subtle difference that I'm missing. T.Shafee(Evo&Evo)^talk 11:20, 21 May 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Agreed. Merged article should bear the title "Electroporation".WilliamsChemistry (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 20:34, 20 June 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Merger complete. Klbrain (talk) 21:27, 1 December 2018 (UTC)[reply]

Please add info on current issues/state of research to "Drug and gene delivery"

Would it be due to add some very brief info about the current state of research, like current efficiencies, prospects, or issues/topics from this study (see the ref) to this section? It's included in 2022 in science (August) like so:

Researchers report the development of a highly effective CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing method without expensive viral vectors, enabling e.g. novel anti-cancer CAR-T cell therapies.^[1]^[2]

From the news article (see the ref) about it:

Then, in 2019, the researchers discovered that by also using a modified version of the DNA templates that can bind to the Cas9 enzyme—the same protein that acts as molecular scissors during CRISPR gene editing—they could deliver the new sequences to the targeted genome site more efficiently. That work was published in Nature Biotechnology.

However, more work was required to improve the yield of successfully engineered immune cells and to make the process compatible with the manufacturing of future cell therapies. Those goals motivated the team's current study.

DNA can exist in single or double strands (like opposing pieces of Velcro), and Cas9 attaches to double-stranded DNA. The researchers quickly discovered that high levels of double-stranded DNA template can be toxic to cells, so the method could only be used with low quantities of template DNA, leading to a low efficiency.

If so, please add some brief info about it.

References

^ Williams, Sarah. "A cellular engineering breakthrough: High-yield CRISPR without viral vectors". Gladstone Institutes. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
^ Shy, Brian R.; Vykunta, Vivasvan S.; Ha, Alvin; Talbot, Alexis; Roth, Theodore L.; Nguyen, David N.; Pfeifer, Wolfgang G.; Chen, Yan Yi; Blaeschke, Franziska; Shifrut, Eric; Vedova, Shane; Mamedov, Murad R.; Chung, Jing-Yi Jing; Li, Hong; Yu, Ruby; Wu, David; Wolf, Jeffrey; Martin, Thomas G.; Castro, Carlos E.; Ye, Lumeng; Esensten, Jonathan H.; Eyquem, Justin; Marson, Alexander (25 August 2022). "High-yield genome engineering in primary cells using a hybrid ssDNA repair template and small-molecule cocktails". Nature Biotechnology: 1–11. doi:10.1038/s41587-022-01418-8. ISSN 1546-1696. PMID 36008610. S2CID 251843150.

Prototyperspective (talk) 12:53, 8 November 2022 (UTC)[reply]

[1] Williams, Sarah. "A cellular engineering breakthrough: High-yield CRISPR without viral vectors". Gladstone Institutes. Retrieved 15 September 2022.

[2] Shy, Brian R.; Vykunta, Vivasvan S.; Ha, Alvin; Talbot, Alexis; Roth, Theodore L.; Nguyen, David N.; Pfeifer, Wolfgang G.; Chen, Yan Yi; Blaeschke, Franziska; Shifrut, Eric; Vedova, Shane; Mamedov, Murad R.; Chung, Jing-Yi Jing; Li, Hong; Yu, Ruby; Wu, David; Wolf, Jeffrey; Martin, Thomas G.; Castro, Carlos E.; Ye, Lumeng; Esensten, Jonathan H.; Eyquem, Justin; Marson, Alexander (25 August 2022). "High-yield genome engineering in primary cells using a hybrid ssDNA repair template and small-molecule cocktails". Nature Biotechnology: 1–11. doi:10.1038/s41587-022-01418-8. ISSN 1546-1696. PMID 36008610. S2CID 251843150.

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