Taphrina

Taphrina
	Taphrina pruni
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Taphrinomycetes
Order:	Taphrinales
Family:	Taphrinaceae
Genus:	Taphrina; Fr. (1815)
Type species
	Taphrina aurea; (Pers.) Fr. (1815)
Synonyms
	Ascomyces Mont. & Desm.; Ascosporium Berk.; Entomospora Sacc. ex Jacz.; Exoascus Fuckel; Magnusiella Sadeb.; Sarcorhopalum Rabenh.; Taphria Fr.

Taphrina is a fungal genus within the Ascomycota that causes leaf and catkin curl diseases and witch's brooms of certain flowering plants. One of the more commonly observed species causes peach leaf curl. Taphrina typically grow as yeasts during one phase of their life cycles, then infect plant tissues in which typical hyphae are formed, and ultimately they form a naked layer of asci on the deformed, often brightly pigmented surfaces of their hosts. No discrete fruit body is formed outside of the gall-like or blister-like tissues of the hosts. The asci form a layer lacking paraphyses, and they lack croziers. The ascospores frequently bud into multiple yeast cells within the asci. Phylogenetically, Taphrina is a member of a basal group within the Ascomycota, and type genus for the subphylum Taphrinomycotina, the class Taphrinomycetes, and order Taphrinales.^[2]^[3]

Species

Taphrina alni (Berk. & Broome) Gjaerum
Taphrina aurea (Pers.) Fr.
Taphrina betulina Rostr.
Taphrina bullata (Berkeley) Tulasne
Taphrina caerulescens (Desmaz. & Mont.) Tul.
Taphrina communis (Sadeb.) Giesenh.^[4]
Taphrina coryli
Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.
Taphrina entomospora Thaxter
Taphrina faulliana Mix^[5]
Taphrina filicina Rostr.^[5]
Taphrina hiratsukae Nishida^[5]
Taphrina johansonii Sadebeck
Taphrina maculans Butler
Taphrina padi (Jacz.) Mix
Taphrina piri
Taphrina polystichi Mix^[5]
Taphrina populina (Fr. ex Fr.) Fr.
Taphrina potentillae (Farl.) Johans.
Taphrina pruni Tul.
Taphrina sadebeckii Johans.
Taphrina tosquinetii (WestendD.) Magnus
Taphrina ulmi (Fuckel) Johans.
Taphrina wiesneri (Rathay) Mix

Footnotes

^ "MycoBank, the fungal website". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
^ Lutzoni; Kauff, F.; Cox, C. J.; McLaughlin, D.; Celio, G.; Dentinger, B.; Padamsee, M.; Hibbett, D.; et al. (2004). "Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits". American Journal of Botany. 91 (10): 1446–1480. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446. PMID 21652303.
^ James TY; Kauff, Frank; Schoch, Conrad L.; Matheny, P. Brandon; Hofstetter, Valérie; Cox, Cymon J.; Celio, Gail; Gueidan, Cécile; et al. (2006). "Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny". Nature. 443 (7113): 818–822. Bibcode:2006Natur.443..818J. doi:10.1038/nature05110. PMID 17051209. S2CID 4302864.
^ Taphrina communis (Sadeb.) Giesenh., Global Biodiversity Information Facility
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Index of Plant Diseases in the United States (Agricultural Handbook No. 165 ed.). Washington, DC: United States. Agricultural Research Service- Crops Research Division. August 1960. p. 363. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

References

Broad leaf plant diseases in Canada (BC)- leaf spot example of Taphrina
Biology of fungi - microphoto of Taphrina^{[permanent dead link]}
Witches Broom image
Palaeos "Introduction to the Ascomycota"
The Oregon Coalition of Interdisciplinary Databases: "Archiascomycetes: Early Diverging Ascomycetes"
Rodrigues, M. G. (2003). "Molecular systematics of the dimorphic ascomycete genus Taphrina". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (2): 607–616. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02437-0. PMID 12710634.

[urlMycoBank,_the_fungal_website-1] "MycoBank, the fungal website". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-05-29.

[Lutzoni_2004-2] Lutzoni; Kauff, F.; Cox, C. J.; McLaughlin, D.; Celio, G.; Dentinger, B.; Padamsee, M.; Hibbett, D.; et al. (2004). "Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits". American Journal of Botany. 91 (10): 1446–1480. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446. PMID 21652303.

[James_2006-3] James TY; Kauff, Frank; Schoch, Conrad L.; Matheny, P. Brandon; Hofstetter, Valérie; Cox, Cymon J.; Celio, Gail; Gueidan, Cécile; et al. (2006). "Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny". Nature. 443 (7113): 818–822. Bibcode:2006Natur.443..818J. doi:10.1038/nature05110. PMID 17051209. S2CID 4302864.

[GBIS-4] Taphrina communis (Sadeb.) Giesenh., Global Biodiversity Information Facility

[pdus363-5] Index of Plant Diseases in the United States (Agricultural Handbook No. 165 ed.). Washington, DC: United States. Agricultural Research Service- Crops Research Division. August 1960. p. 363. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

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