Yahve

Yehova ilə səhv salmayın.

E.ə. IV əsrə aid draxma (bir şekelin dörddə biri). Yehud Medinata (indiki İsrail), Əhəmənilər dövləti. Təxmin edilir ki, bu sikkədə Yahve təmsil edilib.

Yahve (ivr. ‏יַהְוֶה/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄‏‎, jahˈwe; mənası – "rəbb") — iudaizm və xristianlıqda tanrının çoxsaylı adlarından biri, Cənubi İsrail və Yəhudi çarlıqlarında milli tanrı. Onun dəqiq mənşəyi mübahisəli bir mövzudur, lakin onun mənşəyi erkən dəmir dövrünə, hətta tunc dövrünə qədər gedib çatır. Onun adı Kənan xalqının dininin baş tanrısı olan Elin adından törəmiş ola bilər, ancaq Yahvenin adının ən erkən münasib sadalanması Qədim Misir mətnlərindədir. Bu mətnlərdə Transiordaniyanın cənubunda yaşayan Şasu köçəri tayfasıdır.

Ən qədim dini ədəbiyyat nümunələrində Yahve tipik bir Yaxın Şərq "döyüşçü tanrısı"dır, hansı ki, müqəddəs ordusunu İsrailin düşmənlərinə qarşı yürüdür. O, daha sonra İsrail və Yəhudi çarlıqlarının əsas tanrısına çevrilir. Vaxt keçdikcə saray və Yərusəlim məbədi Yahveni bütün kainatın hər bir ilah və ilahənin hər bir müsbət keyfiyyətini daşıyan tanrısı elan edir. Babiloniya sürgününün (e.ə. VI əsr) sonunda özgə tanrıların varlığı inkar edilir və Yahve bütün kainatın qurucusu, bütün dünyanın yeganə tanrısı hesab edilir.

Mənbə

Ədəbiyyat

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